Reengineering the National Economy by Issuance of Family Takaful Product Based on The Preservation of Religion

The main objective of the study is to evaluate the participants in family takaful products based on the protection of religion (deen) on Maqasid Shari’ah framework in choosing their family takaful products to rebuilding the national economy after Covid-19. This study is nonprobability study that uses judgment sampling technique. The sample of this study consists of 150 respondents among the takaful participant and basically have a basis knowledge in Maqasid Shari’ah. This study indicates that the protection of religion (deen) as independent variable shows such a positive significant relationship towards the participation in family takaful product. Finally, this study gives some input to the takaful business which explicitly contribute to the takaful industries in promoting the family takaful products, as well as the awareness among society that takaful instrument is not about the matter of business but it is a part of human needs in which protection of religion among the participants.


Introduction
Before the introducing of takaful in Islamic financial market, mostly Muslims never realize that the conventional insurance itself against the Maqasid Shari'ah Principles until that National Fatwa of Malaysia declared that conventional insurance is prohibited. Even it was declared long years ago, until now there are certain Muslims still doesn't take any action to terminate or convert their policy insurance into takaful Insurance. This paper will show the most important matter of introducing the takaful product to be in line with Maqasid Shari'ah objectives and principles to be shari'ah compliant product. Takaful is growing fast day by days. Other than it can develop the industry of Takaful itself. The main reason by introducing the takaful insurance is to offer or provide an alternative to all Muslims' needs in protection product. Thus, like the conventional insurance, it is to provide the element of protection and indemnity to both individual or corporate bodies against loss or hazards to their selves or wealth but in line with the Maqasid Shari'ah Principles. Never to deny that, takaful become a part of human needs. So, the other objective of this paper is to analyses the needs of people in takaful product based on Maqasid Shari'ah principles in order the people can make such a good and best decision in the selection of takaful products. This is so important thing to make sure customer will not be influenced by any unrelated factors to participate in takaful products that last will burdening the participant itself.

Problem Statement
According to Arifin, Yazid, & Hussin, (2014) the takaful industry has qualified a significant expansion as it is one of the vital instruments of the Islamic Finance system. Due to this, the takaful industry is boundlessly creating the basis that is strong enough to take its place together with the conventional insurance industry as a legal substitute in key markets. Even though the takaful industry is still measured by low market penetration in the world as compared to the conventional insurance market the takaful industry seems to be doing well and struggles to expand the competitive performance so that takaful can magnificently have a positive outlook equivalent to the conventional insurance performance in the world today. In Malaysia is relatively low and remains largely untapped, therefore presenting a huge business opportunity. The problem or issue here is this opportunity finally led to an increasing in family takaful participants. That is why one of the others and main objective of this research paper is to examine whether the participant of the family takaful product really make a good decision in choosing the best product as suitable to their needs that based on Maqasid Shariah perspectives or else. Thus, a fascinating question that arises in this study is what are the perilous factors that influence the family takaful demand in Malaysia. The purpose of this study, however, is to examine the factors that contribute significantly to the family takaful demand in Malaysia based on the preservation of religion (deen) from the fives preservations of Maqasid Shari'ah framework.

Literature Review
The purpose of the Islamic Law is for humans to achieve cheerfulness in this world and the hereafter, by succeeding the law of adopting the good and abandoning the bad. The Islamic Law does not command anything that is not good for people, and it does not forbid anything that is not bad for them. Generally, the clarification of maqasid should be based on three essential objectives, namely necessities objectives (maqasid daruriyyah), needs objectives (maqasid hajiyyah) and embellishments objectives (maqasid tahsiniyyah). From the objectives on necessities, it should be for the protection on five necessities (daruriyyah alkhamsah), namely, the protection of religion (din), the protection of life (nafs), the protection of intellect ('aql), the protection of progeny (nasl) and the protection of wealth (mal). These protections include the protection of the essential objectives of this world and in the hereafter (Fisol, Al-Basri & Mat, 2017).
According to Al-Raysuni (2005), the traditional scholars including al-Shatibi classify the general objectives into three sub-categories according to the hierarchy of needs, or levels of necessity: the essentials or necessities (daruriyyah), the needs (hajiyyah), and the luxuries (tahsiniyyah). Scholars like Al-Ghazali, Ibn al-Hajib and al-Shatibi defined daruriyyah as the protection and safeguarding of five fundamentals in one's life that includes protection of religion (din), protection of life (nafs), protection of intellect (aql), protection of wealth (mal), and protection of lineage (nasl). These are regarded the essential needs that a man involves for his wellbeing in this world and the hereafter. None of these essential needs can be discounted, for it will create a disorder in this world and man will not be able to fulfill his requirement as a khalifah in this world and accomplish success in the world hereafter (Ibn Ashur, 2006). Therefore, the Maqasid al-Shari'ah are the law's meanings and objectives as manifested in most or all of its rulings, or they may be said to be the objectives of the shari'ah and the hidden wisdom which the Lawgiver has placed within each of its rulings, Zuhaili (1996)". Protection of religion is an obligatory when establishing a takaful company to be in line with Sharia'h compliant. Therefore, to ensure all the takaful companies are Shari'ah-compliant, then the government has formed the Takaful Act in 1984, strengthening with Islamic Financial Services Act (IFSA) in 2013. To guarantee the protection of religion, all established takaful companies are under Shari'ah Advisory Council of Bank Negara Malaysia (SAC), which was established in May 1997 as the highest Shari'ah authority in Islamic finance in Malaysia. Every takaful company should have a Shari'ah Advisory Board (SAB). SAB is accountable for validating all takaful products expansion with to ensure their compatibility with the Shari'ah principles.
A study conducted by Zainuddin and Noh (2013) highlights the indication of the emergence of takaful as part of the Islamic type of policy. Their study endeavored to gain a fundamental understanding of what takaful is all about and how it varies from conventional insurance. In addition, they also expected at enhancing the level of understanding and bridge the gap caused by misapprehension on the concepts and applications of takaful as an insurance policy. The study decided that Muslims are strictly prohibited in purchasing conventional insurance products as it is forbidden "haram" and violates the Islamic principles.

Methodology
Since this study is a survey research, this study uses primary data which is collected using questionnaires to represent a population. In other words, this study employs data collected from the survey to generalize findings from a sample to the population. However, it is important to avoid sampling error in determining sample size when using survey research (Bartlett, Kotrlik, & Higgins, 2001).

Data Analysis & Finding
This study shows the result of respondent's profile also in pie chart and bar chart to easily showed the average of respondent's profile by first look. Below is the result of the respondent's demographic profile in this study. Table 1 shows that most respondents are female. The female respondents constitute 56.7% of the total respondents meanwhile male is about 43.3%.     Table 4 shows that most of the respondents' employment status come from private sector which is 36%. Followed by self-employed 30.7% and public servant 18% and. Meanwhile for others is about 14.7% and retired about 0.7% only.  Table 5 shows that most respondents' range of income is between RM2001-3000 which indicates about 26.7% and followed by RM1201 -2000 about 24%. Meanwhile for income range below RM1200 is about 22% and for income RM5001 and above it indicates about 12.7%. For income between RM3001 -4000 is about 10.7% and for the lowest frequency come from between RM4001-5000 which about 4%. 100.0 In this study, the researcher used two types of data analysis to indicates and to achieve the objective of the research study which are frequency variables analysis which is to indicate what majority respondents said towards the questions of the research questionnaire and the second type is T-Test Analysis to support the significance of the result findings. Table 6 shows that the respondents' frequency in responding the answer of the questionnaire. All the respond shows that more than 90% of all respondents agree and strongly agree that choosing family takaful due to protect the religion as a factor.  Table 7 indicate that the whole T-Value are positive value which means that T-Test for Protection of Religion is significant relationship towards the choice or participation in family takaful products. The objective of the study is to examine whether the Protection of Religion of maqasid shari'ah has an influence factors in participating into family takaful products. Based on this study through getting the respond from related respondents, finally analysis shows that the Protection of Religion factor showing such a positive significant relationship. Then what this means is, before participating into family takaful products, participants need to consider to what maqasid shari'ah whispered to fully achieved the objective stated.

Conclusion
In conclusion, most of the products offered in takaful institutions are in conformity with the Maqasid Shari'ah perspective as sustainable of financial planning which bring to the social well-being and impartiality for the public interest (maslahah). Therefore, the choice of takaful products is falls under the category of necessities (daruriyyah), needs (hajiyyah) and embellishments (tahsiniyyah) by taking into consideration on the preservation of religion (alddin).
It is important not only in developing takaful as a part of industry growing but then beyond than that to fulfill the needs of Muslim as well for all the others in this world and the hereafter. Not denying that taking takaful is about participating in part of long-term financial commitment and involving the issues of financial capabilities and at the same time, currently the financial economic is quietly tough so participants really need to make such a considerable decision in taking part in takaful. Muslim really need to truly understand what maqasid shari'ah encourage us, what are the best reason which in line with shari'ah to participate in takaful in order it would not give a burden to the Muslim itself.
The major findings of this study are, all the takaful products are in line with the maqasid shari'ah which preservation of religion. However not all participants out here really understand what the real purpose of taking the takaful products. Mostly people who do not have any knowledge about takaful think that takaful is about only a business activity. That is why, it is important to make all understand why they need to participate in takaful as what this study has come out, which in conformity with the preservation of religion as well as maqasid Shariah.