The Importance of Non-Verbal Communication in Organizations

This paper discusses the importance of non-verbal communication within the organization. Communication involves the presentation of ideas and feelings to others. People communicate because they want to influence the understanding of others, the attitude and the actions of others whether they agree or not on the issue. In addition, communication is also a two-way process in which both parties must respond to any information that is communicated. Without realizing it, non-verbal communication is complementary to verbal communication. This non-verbal communication is an important message form as it can interpret the emotion, personality, purpose and social status of a person. Therefore, it is undeniable that most of the excellence of an organization is related to the effectiveness of the communication process. The previous study discusses non-verbal communication in terms of behavior, attitude and focuses only on students. There is very little study within the organization. Therefore, non-verbal communication within the organization should be given more emphasis because it is very important in ensuring that employees understand the true concept of non-verbal communication so that the message is not misinterpreted.


Introduction
This writing is more geared towards the form of concept paper. This paper discusses the importance of non-verbal communication in organizations. There is no denying that a large part of the excellence of an organization is related to the effectiveness of the communication process. This fact directly reflects the truth the views of communication and management scholars who emphasize that communication should be the core of the life of an organization. Therefore, the main component in communication is the flow of information, communication and human interaction. In the era of this state -of -the -art, human beings are indeed inseparable from communicating.
The development of this communication is seen as very important to complete human life all day. With efficient communication, then information can be conveyed with easily and spread to all corners of the world (Yusof, 2000). Communication means to have a relationship such as talking to each other, talking and also exchanged opinions between one party and the other. Communication according to Johns (1996), is a process of information exchange between presenter and receiver information among various parties. Whereas according to Green Berg & Baron (1996), communication is a process in which individuals, groups and organizations act as a communicator of information to other individuals, groups and organizations in action as the recipient of the message.
Communication involves the transmission of ideas and feelings to others. Humans communicate because they want to influence other people's understanding, attitudes and even actions other parties whether they agree or not on an issue. Communication too is a twoway process to which both parties must respond something information is conveyed. Every human being living in a society will be involved with communication. If seen in organizations, especially in organizations that involve relationships with customers, it should be given priority in order to maintain the good name of the organization. This because everything that is done in the organization will display the image of the employee himself and also have an impact on the organization.
Furthermore, communication is also one of the most important aspects and complex for human life. Communication is a basic human activity where by communicating human beings can communicate with each other well within daily life at home, at school, at work or wherever they are. Communication colors all aspects of life including social, cultural, political, economic, health, education and so on.
According to Richmond & McCrosky (1992) in their book entitled "Organizational Communication for Survival", they have provided six functions communication in an organization i.e. to inform, control, combine, manage, persuade and socialize. Human relations policy in organizations as a method creating good cooperation is due to every member in the organization such have varying expectations and interests and are typically competing each other. According to Omardin & Azahar (1990), the communication paradigm in organization indicates that communication within the organization takes place within the environment a complex open system and it is influenced and influenced by the environment.
Hence because of the importance of communication in all walks of life, then many studies are looking at the importance of communication especially how to establishing effective communication. Among them is by observing the elements non -verbal communication when a person is communicating verbally. This is it which is always ignored by many humans when interacting. The scholars management has lagged behind in understanding this important form of communication. Though some theories discuss limited aspects of non-verbal behavior, still there are gaps in studying non-verbal behaviors directed at members organization.Results of a study obtained by Gerald et. al (1991) also found that 94 percent of respondents stated that non-verbal communication is in the world the business is very important. However, this is not the focus.
According to Timm & De Tienne (1995), the success of an organization is highly dependent to the communication used. But, communication is often a major problem in the organization. What is an effective form of communication so that all information can distributed quickly and accurately?
Furthermore, non-verbal communication can be used as a measure in seeing one's self -skills. This is because, the way humans talk to each other will shaping one's self -personality. According to Othman & Ahmad (2004), non-verbal communication is an important form of message because it can interpret a person's emotions, personality, purpose and even social status. Next that is, non-verbal communication can also increase the effectiveness of the delivery of something messages as well as serving as a complement to verbal communication. Not only that, but mastery of non-verbal communication also facilitates the hiring process. This is because, the interviewer will be face to face with us precisely. The interviewer will be easier to judge us by the way we answer the questions asked, the way we sit, the way thinking and so on. This makes the job selection process even easier. In a sense in other words, effective communication will only happen when it is non-verbal communication also understood by the sender and receiver of the message.
In an organizational context, communication is ineffective in an organization will cause a non -smooth workflow and will create problems against staff in the organization. This is because communication plays a role important in ensuring that the organization is always able to meet the needs of its employees.
In an organization, employees need more precise and concise information as well easy to understand so that it is easy for them to convey to others. Acceptance inaccurate information makes an organization problematic and unable to carry out assigned responsibilities. For example, body movements or 'body language 'especially facial expressions and eye contact can convey a message to the recipient about the actual message to be conveyed. Eye contact has a huge impact when communication between two parties is in progress. Position the body also signals about an individual's interest and confidence when delivering message. In addition, body movements such as hand and foot movements are also possible describes the confident or less confident nature of a person. Lack of that attention given to non -verbal communication this can lead to comprehension problems to on the actual message to be conveyed, and this is what causes a lot of problems in running a program or organization successfully. Hence this is what be the main objective of this writing i.e. want to analyze past studies that give focus on the study of non -verbal communication and from the perspective of whether it is non -verbal seen to understand the importance of this form of communication.

Communication in Organizations
In an organization, communication is a foundation that encompasses the activities of all functions that exist. With the existence of this communication channel, then each individual or groups are not only able to understand and exchange ideas and opinions, they are even able to also interact with each other and be able to establish ongoing collaboration among staff. In addition, it is a determinant in the success of an organization depending on how well the communication channel is used. Channel this communication means the path of messages that flow from one individual to another and from one group to another and vice versa.
Formal and informal communication channels are used by all organizations. Channel formal communication is the chain that will determine the flow of official messages within

Forms of Non-Verbal Communication
Non-verbal communication actually has many differences with verbal communication which non-verbal communication has no structured form and it is in nature spontaneous and this makes non-verbal communication more difficult to understand than communication verbal (Ili Kristiyanti, 2012). For example, we do not just sit still while answering customer questions even we also use eyes, hands and body position to show something. Ranjit (2004) has listed several examples of language gestures and messages that may be interpreted by a person. Among them are: Overall, past studies surveyed found, non -verbal communication more viewed from the perspective of the importance, type, form and behavior of communication not verbal. Observations on these forms of non-verbal communication allow us further investigate the association of these forms with verbal communication. This is a gap that needs to be deepened by future researchers so that the message can better understood, in turn able to establish more effective communication. Thus communication is not so much what is spoken, but the image displayed, the motion the body shown and the emotions expressed, are far more important to understand the message to be conveyed and get to know one's personality.

Conclusion
Weaknesses in communication will invite misunderstandings of the instructions assigned from the highest administration to the lower administration. Not impossible, it is will cause disputes and clashes in the administration of the organization. In conclusion, it is undeniable that most of the excellence of an organization is related to the effectiveness of the process communication. This fact directly reflects the truth of the views of scholars communication and management that emphasizes that communication should be at the core the life of an organization. Therefore, the main component in communication is information flow, communication and human interaction.
Also, communication is one of the important things to support organizational success in improving organizational performance and organizational adaptability to every change in the existing business environment so that the organization still can survive even reaching their competitive advantage. Through good communication between individuals and parties directly involved within the organization and beyond organization, the organization can obtain the necessary information. To develop good communication requires the active role of managers and subordinates through the application of some of the techniques already described in the previous section.
An increase in satisfaction with organizational communication will also increase job satisfaction and organizational commitment. This shows, in the context of the organization which may differ in terms of management, environment and so on, roles effective organizational communication and creating satisfaction among staff the organization in question is important. The importance of effective communication is in line with the views of scholars such as (Bednar, 1983;Goldhaber, 1990;Anderson, 1995;Daniels et al., 1997;Weiss, 1998).
The importance of satisfaction to organizational communication is also in line with assumptions put forward by the theory of use and satisfaction. Theory of use and satisfaction argues that the factor of an organization's staff choosing a communication channel is influenced by the satisfaction gained as a result of exposure to the channel concerned. For example, the characteristics of supervisory communication such as openness, consideration, support and so on cause staff to interact frequently with supervisors. This engender a sense of satisfaction with one of the aspects of communication in the organization concerned and in turn affect other aspects of the staff such as commitment to the organization.
In the various forms of communication available, non-verbal communication is the most important. Non-verbal communication is an important communication convey information to others. Furthermore, non-verbal communication actually has a greater impact than verbal communication. Communication non-verbal involves gestures, intonation of voice, facial expressions and body language. Information which is delivered verbally will not be successfully delivered if it is not aligned with non-verbal communication. This is because, if one wants to deliver serious news, the face shown should be serious and not in a happy state. Through communication, members in the organization can exchange information in advancing their respective units It is recommended that when communicating, we need to understand others before others understand us as we have been entrusted in the book by Stephen Covey (1989) "The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People" which he says that 'Seek first to understand, then to be understood' which means to try understand first, then try to be understood.