ISSN: 2222-6990
Open access
Debate is a language learning activity that requires the debater to choose effective oral communication strategies to weaken the opponent. Thus, this study was conducted to identify the oral communication strategies preferences among Arabic language debaters consisting of non-native speakers. The respondents were the champions of the Higher Education Institutions level debate, while the data were obtained from video recordings of the debate competition and interviews. The data were then analysed using Communication Strategies Theory. The results showed that the debaters preferred the strategies of message abandonment, topic avoidance and appeal for assistance when short of time and approximation and word coinage when faced with language constraints. Literal and contextual translation and language switch strategies were chosen for debate preparations, while circumlocution and mime strategies were preferred for reinforcing arguments. A new strategy was also found, which is named as repetition strategy. The findings proved that the preference of these strategies help the debaters to organize ideas, articulate and confidently present arguments despite their own shortcomings and interruptions from opponents. This study contributes to the structure of debate training activities focused on more systematic oral communication strategies that can be applied to debaters in Arabic language learning classes.
Abd Rahman, G. Y., Nik Yusoff, N. M. R., M. Shah, P., Wah, W. H., & Sahrir, M. S. (2012). Penggunaan bahasa Arab lisan dan hubungannya dengan strategi pengurusan sumber. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies. 12(2), 505–520.
Abu Bakar, K., & Alias, N. A. (2017). Arabic debate and world-readiness. International Journal of West Asian Studies. 9(1), 93-106.
Aladdin, A. (2012). Analisis penggunaan strategi komunikasi dalam komunikasi lisan bahasa Arab. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies. 12(2), 645–666.
Alias, N. A. (2018). Sumbangan debat kepada pemerolehan bahasa kedua: Teori Output Desakan dan pendekatan kefasihan [Unpublished master thesis]. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Arshad, M., & Abu Bakar, K. (2015). Penggunaan strategi pembelajaran aturan kendiri kemahiran bertutur bahasa Arab dalam kalangan pelajar Melayu di Pusat Asasi UIAM. ASEAN Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education. 7(1), 1–17.
Asbulah, L. H., Lubis, M. A., Aladdin, A., & Sahrim, M. (2020). The level of students’ engagement in Arabic within public universities. Asia Pacific Journal of Educators and Education. 35(1), 1–16.
Che Haron, S., Ahmad, S. I., Mamat, A., & Mohamed, I. H. A. (2010). Understanding Arabic-speaking skill learning strategies among selected Malay learners: a case study at the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). Contemporary Issues in Education Research. 3(8), 9-20.
Daud, N., & Abdul Pisal, N. (2014). Permasalahan pertuturan dalam bahasa Arab sebagai bahasa kedua. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies. 14(1), 117-133.
Hamzah, A. (2018). Kebimbangan bahasa guru pelatih terhadap pembelajaran kemahiran bertutur bahasa Arab dan kaitannya dengan strategi pembelajaran [Unpublished doctoral thesis]. Universiti Putra Malaysia.
al-Hujuri, S. I. (2019). Taw??f al-mun??arat fi ta’l?m al-‘Arabiyyah li al-n?tiq?n bi-ghayrih?: Dir?sat wasfiyyah tahl?liyyah. al-Tajd?d. 23(46), 99-147.
Ismail@Yaakub, A., Che Mat, A., & Pa, M. T. (2012). Membina kemahiran pertuturan menerusi aktiviti lakonan dalam pengajaran bahasa. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies. 12(1), 325-337.
Mohamad, Z., Embi, M. A., & Nik Yusoff, N. M. R. (2010). Strategi pembelajaran bahasa Melayu dan Inggeris pelajar cemerlang. Bangi: Penerbitan Fakulti Pendidikan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Kiram, M. N., & Abdul Rahim, N. A. (2018). Teknik perundingan dalam Pertandingan Debat Diraja. Jurnal Linguistik. 22(1), 032-048.
Morse, K. G. (2011). Debate: A tool for language learning. Journal of Border Educational Research. 10(Fall), 108-119.
Omar, H. (2015). Pengaruh perbezaan indvidu terhadap penguasaan bahasa Arab dalam kalangan pendebat di universiti awam Malaysia [Unpublished master thesis]. Universiti Putra Malaysia.
Radzi, P. M., Mezah, C. R., Mustapha, N. F., & Aziz, M. A. (2015). al-Akht?’ al-sh?’i’ah fi nutq ba’d al-asw?t al-‘Arabiyyah lad? thull?b al-j?mi’at f? M?liziy?. Global Journal al-Thaqafah. 5(1), 133-144.
Quinn, S. (2010). al-Mursyid f? fann al-mun??ar?t: Nam?zaj bu??lat al-‘?lami li-mun??ar?t al-mad?ris. Translated by al-Sharafiy, A. J. Qatar: Markaz Mun??arat Qatar.
Salami, A. L. (2014). al-Madkhal il? fann al-mun??arat. Qatar: Bloomsbury Qatar Foundation Publishing.
Samah, R., Abdul Hamid, M. F., Sha’ari, S. H., Mohamad, A. H. (2013). Aktiviti pengajaran kemahiran bertutur bahasa Arab dalam kalangan jurulatih debat. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies. 13(2), 99-116.
Satria, A. P. (2017). Using debate to enhance students’ speaking ability as their character building. English Education: Jurnal Tadris Bahasa Inggris. 10(1), 149-163.
Tarone, E. (1980). Communication strategies, foreigner talk and repair in interlanguage. Language Learning. 30(2), 417-428.
Zare, P., & Othman, M. (2015). Students perceptions toward using classroom debate to develop critical thinking and oral communication ability. Asian Social Science. 11(9): 158-170.
In-Text Citation: (Mohamed et al., 2021)
To Cite this Article: Mohamed, A. S., Mustapha, N. F., Mohamad, A. H., Shamshudeen, R. I., & Rouyan, N. M. (2021). Oral Communication Strategies Preferences in Arabic Debate among Non-Arabic Speakers. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 11(9), 131–151.
Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s)
Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode