ISSN: 2222-6990
Open access
Academic staff’s social intelligence plays an important part in increasing their teaching and learning performance owing to their magnitude of competency. However, empirical research that associates both constructs is limited. Thus, this research aspires to scrutinise the influence of social intelligence on teaching and learning performance among academic staff with the moderating effect of competency. A self-administered questionnaire survey was used to collect data from 318 academic staff in the business schools of seven Malaysian private higher education institutions located in Klang Valley. SPSS version 26 were used to analyse data. The findings revealed the following: (1) social intelligence has a significant positive influence on competency, (2) competency has a significant positive influence on teaching and learning performance, (3) social intelligence has a significant positive influence on teaching and learning performance and (4) competency significantly moderates the association between social intelligence and teaching and learning performance. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Agarwal, R. (2003). Social Intelligence and Teacher Effectiveness (Doctoral dissertation). Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India. Retrieved from
http://hdl.handle.net/10603/10782
Ahadzie, D. K., Proverbs, D. G., Olomolaiye, P.O., & Ankrah, N. (2009). Towards developing competency?based measures for project managers in mass house building projects in developing countries. Construction Management and Economics, 27(1), 89-102. https://doi.org/10.1080/01446190802621028
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1184. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.51.6.1173
Bennett, B. (2015). Social intelligence of undergraduates enrolled in traditional vs. distance higher education learning programs. Retrieved from
https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1741&context=dissertations
Bossu, C., Brown, N., & Warren, V. (2019). Career progression and development of professional staff in higher education. In Bossu, C, & Brown, N. (Eds.). Professional and support staff in higher education. University development and administration (pp. 1-10). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1607-3_34-3
Brown, L., George, B., & Mehaffey-Kultgen, C. (2018). The development of a competency model and its implementation in a power utility cooperative: an action research study. Industrial and Commercial Training, 50(3), 123-135. https://doi.org/10.1108/ICT-11-2017-0087
Cheng, B. L., Cham, T. H., Micheal, D., & Lee, T. H. (2019). Service Innovation: Building a Sustainable Competitive Advantage in Higher Education. International Journal of Services, Economics and Management, 10(4), 289-309.
https://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJSEM.2019.105014
Darling-Hammond, L., Flook, L., Cook-Harvey, C., Barron, B., & Osher, D. (2019). Implications for educational practice of the science of learning and development. Applied Developmental Science, 24(2), 1-44. https://doi.org/10.1080/10888691.2018.1537791
Deary, I. J., Spinath, F. M., & Bates, T. C. (2006). Genetics of intelligence. European Journal of Human Genetics, 14(6), 690-700. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj. ejhg.5201588
Eshghi, P., Arofzad, S., & Hosaini, T. A. (2013). Relationship between social intelligence with effective influence among physical education expertise in Isfahan Education Organizations. European Journal of Experimental Biology, 3(3), 168-172.
Farh, J. L., Werbel, J. D., & Bedeian, A. G. (1988). An empirical investigation of self? appraisal?based performance evaluation. Personnel Psychology, 41(1), 141-156.
Gandy, R., Harrison, P., & Gold, J. (2018). Talent management in higher education: is turnover relevant? European Journal of Training and Development, 42(9), 597-610.https://doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-11-2017-0099
Ghasemy, M., Hussin, S., Daud, M. A. K. M., Nor, M. M., Ghavifekr, S., & Kenayathulla, H. B. (2018). Issues in Malaysian higher education: A quantitative representation of the top five priorities, values, challenges, and solutions from the viewpoints of academic leaders. SAGE Open, 8(1), 215824401875583.
https://doi.org/10.1177%2F2158244018755839
Goleman, D. (2006). The socially intelligent. Educational leadership, 64(1), 76-81.
Grossman, R., & Salas, E. (2011). The transfer of training: what matters. International Journal of Training and Development, 15(2), 103-120. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2419.2011.00373.x
Hakim, A. (2015). Contribution of competence teacher (pedagogical, personality, professional competence and social) on the performance of learning. The International Journal of Engineering and Science, 4(2), 1-12.
Ishak, M. I. M., Suhaida, M. S., & Yuzainee, M. Y. (2009). Performance measurement indicators for academic staff in Malaysia private higher education institutions: A case study in UNITEN. PMA Conference 2009, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Jahanian, R. (2010). Study the relationship between emotional intelligence and conflict management in managers. Journal of Management, 8, 1-8.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2012.07.015
Janudin, S. E., Maelah, R., Amir, A. M., & Abdullah, N. L. (2015). Performance measurement system and lecturers’ performance: Testing the mediation role of competency in Malaysian research universities. International Business Education Journal, 8(1), 105-120. Retrieved from https://ejournal.upsi.edu.my/index.php/IBEJ/article/view/1378
June, S., Yeoh, K., & Mahmood, R. (2013). Determining the Importance of Competency and Person-Job Fit for the Job Performance of Service SMEs Employees in Malaysia. Asian Social Science, 9(10), 114-123. https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v9n10p114
Kaur, I., Shri, C., & Mital, K. (2018). Performance management model for teachers based on emotional intelligence and social media competencies. Journal of Advances in Management Research, 15(4), 414-433.
Khalid, F., (2019). The choreography of talent development in higher education. Higher Education Studies, 9(1), 40-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/hes.v9n1p40
Lathesh, K. R., & Avadhani, V. D. (2018). A study on social intelligence and its impact on employee performance of insurance sectors in Mysuru City. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 9(1), 530-537.
Md-Sidin, S., Sambasivan, M., & Muniandy, N. (2009). Impact of psychological ownership on the performance of business school lecturers. Journal of Education for Business, 85(1), 50–56. https://doi.org/10.1080/08832320903217903
Meijs, N., Cillessen, A. H., Scholte, R. H., Segers, E., & Spijkerman, R. (2010). Social intelligence and academic achievement as predictors of adolescent popularity. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 39(1), 62-72. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-008-9373-9
Mohan, M. D., Muthaly, S., & Annakis, J. (2015). Talent Culture's Role in Talent Development among Academics: Insights from Malaysian Government Linked Universities. Journal of Contemporary Issues in Business & Government, 21(1), 46-71.
Nagra, V. (2014). Social intelligence and adjustment of secondary school students. Paripex-Indian Journal of Research, 3(4), pp 86-87.
Nazarpoori, A. (2017) A survey of the effect of leader’s social intelligence on employee’s perception of interpersonal justice: the mediating role of shared
leadership. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 20(5), 618-631.
https://doi.org/10.1080/13603124.2017.1283063
Nguyen, Q., Klopper, C., & Smith, C. (2016). Affordances, barriers, and motivations: engagement in research activity by academics at the research-oriented university in Vietnam. Open Review of Educational Research 3(1), 68-84.
https://doi.org/10.1080/23265507.2016.1170627
Nordin, N. (2021). Leadership Competencies Development Among Academic Staffs: A Preliminary Observation. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 6(7), 370-375. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v6i7.868
Rose?Krasnor, L. (1997). The nature of social competence: A theoretical review. Social Development, 6(1), 111-135. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9507.1997.tb00097.x
Ryan, G., Emmerling, R. J., & Spencer, L. M. (2009). Distinguishing high-performing European executives. Journal of Management Development, 28(9), 859-875.
https://doi.org/10.1108/02621710910987692
Saxena, S., & Jain, R. K. (2013). Social intelligence of undergraduate students in relation to their gender and subject stream. IOSR Journal of Research & Method in Education, 1(1), 1-4.
Shaheen, M., Azam, M. D. S., Soma, M. K., & Kumar, T. J. M. (2019). A competency framework for contractual workers of the manufacturing sector. Industrial and Commercial Training, 51(3), 152-164. https://doi.org/10.1108/ICT-10-2018-0080
Silvera, D., Martinussen, M., & Dahl, T.I. (2001). The Tromsø Social Intelligence Scale, a self?report measure of social intelligence. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 42(4), 313-319. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9450.00242
Subramaniam, A., & Haji Jasmin, N. (2017). Competencies, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Person-Job Fit and Job Performance: Evidence from the Narcotics Control Bureau. International Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Research (IJBR), 8(3), 279-285.
Talebi, F., & Abedini, M. (2016). Investigating the relationship between self?concept and job performance of managers. International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences, 3(1), 87?94.
Zhu, C., Wang, D., Cai, Y.H., & Engels, N. (2013). What core competencies are related to teachers’ innovative teaching? Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 41(1), 9-27.
In-Text Citation: (Kularajasingam et al., 2022)
To Cite this Article: Kularajasingam, J., Subramaniam, A., & Kaur, D. (2022). The Role of Competency: Comparing Social Intelligence and Teaching and Learning Performance among Academics Staffs’ in Malaysian Private Higher Education Institutions. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12(2), 310–321.
Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s)
Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non0-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode