Journal Screenshot

International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

Open Access Journal

ISSN: 2222-6990

Language Learning Strategies Used for Enhancing Reading Comprehension among Primary Year 6 ESL Pupils

Soon Ming Hui, Tan Siok Yong, Chan Mei Yi, Soh Yu Xuan, Harwati Hashim

http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v12-i6/13959

Open access

There has been a huge transfiguration of English as a Second Language (ESL) teaching approaches in recent years. In view of this, the importance of Language Learning Strategies (LLS) is indisputable since 21st century teaching focuses on the learning process rather than the learning product. The ability to read is regarded as one of the most crucial skills to be mastered as it requires the readers to subconsciously interact with the writers through various cognitive and metacognitive strategies such as predicting, analysing, summarising, etc. This paper aims to shed light on the LLS employed by 60 primary Year 6 ESL pupils to master reading comprehension at a sub-urban school in Bintulu, Sarawak. Accordingly, Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) Survey Questionnaire is adopted in this study to identify the LLS used by the said pupils as they learn to read in English. The data were then discussed and analysed quantitatively in descriptive analysis. Results of the study revealed that compensation strategy is the highly used LLS, while the cognitive related strategy is the minimally used LLS among primary Year 6 ESL pupils in improving their reading comprehension. Future research is suggested to extend the investigation of LLS used towards other language skills in determining the success criteria of an effective language learner.

Adan, D. A., & Hashim, H. (2021). Language learning strategies used by art school ESL learners. Creative Education, 12(3), 653.
Al-Jarf, R. S. (2019). Teaching reading to EFL freshman Arabic students online. Eurasian Arabic Studies, 8, 57-75.
Ali, A. M., & Razali, A. B. (2019). A review of studies on cognitive and metacognitive reading strategies in teaching reading comprehension for ESL/EFL learners. English Language Teaching, 12(6), 94-111.
Ali, L. F., & Zaki, S. (2019). Exploring vocabulary learning strategies across ESL/EFL contexts: Juggling between experiential and traditional modes of learning. Journal of Education and Educational Development, 6(2), 201-218.
Alnujaidi, S. (2018). The relationship between EFL students’ perceptual learning styles and their language learning strategies in Saudi Arabia. International Journal of English Linguistics, 9(1), 69-78.
Aziz, S. N. S. M., & Shah, P. M. (2020). Language Learning Strategy (LLS) for English language learners in polytechnic. Journal of Personalized Learning, 3(1), 71-78.
Bursali, N., & Oz, H. (2018). The role of goal setting in metacognitive awareness as a self-regulatory behaviour in foreign language learning. International Online Journal of Education and Teaching, 5(3), 662-671.
Chien, K. L. (2010). An overview of language learning strategies. Annual Review of Education, Communication, and Language Sciences, 7, 132-152
Chua, P. C., & Sulaiman, N. A. (2021). Reading comprehension problems in English among Malaysian primary Year 4 ESL pupils. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 10(2), 797–813.
Cohen, A. D. (1995). Second language learning and use strategies: Clarifying the issues. Research Report. Revised Version.
Cook, V. (2013). Second language learning and language teaching (4th edn.). Abingdon: Routledge.
Curriculum Development Division. (2021). Year 6 standard document of primary school curriculum: Basic core module of English language for National Schools. Putrajaya: Author.
Dawi, D. A., & Hashim, H. (2022). Preferred Learning Strategies among Malaysian Primary ESL Learners. Creative Education, 13(3), 941-951.
Hashim, H. U., Yunus, M. M., & Hashim, H. (2018). Language Learning Strategies used by Adult Learners of Teaching English as a Second Language (TESL). TESOL International Journal, 13(4), 39-48.
John, E., Rangasamy, D., Indiran, D., Rita, E., Adickalam, S. K., & Hashim, H. (2021). Language Learning Strategies Used by Form 4 Esl Learners to Develop Speaking Skills. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 11(6), 1547-1562.
Kendeou, P., Van den Broek, P., Helder, A., & Karlsson, J. (2014). A cognitive view of reading comprehension: Implications for reading difficulties. Learning Disabilities Research & Practice, 29(1), 10–16. https://doi.org/10.1111/ldrp.12025
Krashen, S. (1982). Principles and practice in second language acquisition. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Ministry of Education. (2013). Malaysia Education Blueprint 2013-2025. Putrajaya: Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.
Mundhe, G. B. (2015). Teaching receptive and productive language skills with the help of techniques. Pune Research an International Journal in English, 1(2), 1-6.
O’Malley, J. M., Chamot, A. U., Stewner-Manzanares, G., Russo, R. P., Küpper, L., & Kupper, L. (1985). Learning strategy applications with students of English as a second language. TESOL Quarterly, 19(3), 557.
Oxford, R. L. (1990). Language learning strategies. What every teacher should know? Boston: Heinleand Heinle.
Oxford, R. L. (1999). ‘Style Wars’ as a source of anxiety in language classrooms. In D. J. Young (Ed.), Affect in foreign language and second language learning (216-237). Boston: MacGraw-Hill.
Rao, P. S. (2019). The role of English as a global language. Research Journal of English, 4(1), 65-79.
Rojalai, A., Susaie, J. S., Balaraman, L., Manoharan, S. R., Mustafa, Z., & Hashim, H. (2021). Language learning strategies used for enhancing reading skills among Year 6 pupils of a primary school in Selangor. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 11(6), 1186–1195.
Rubin, J. (1975). What the" good language learner" can teach us. TESOL Quarterly, 41-51.
Sartika, D. H. M., Santihastuti, A., & Wahjuningsih, E. (2019). The learning strategies used by EFL students in learning English. IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 6(1), 10-20.
Sener, S., & Cokcaliskan, A. (2018). An investigation between multiple intelligences and learning styles. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 6(2), 125-132.
Shakarami, A., Hajhashemi, K., & Caltabiano, N. J. (2017). Compensation still matters: Language learning strategies in third millennium ESL learners. Online Learning, 21(3), 235-250.

In-Text Citation: (Hui et al., 2022)
To Cite this Article: Hui, S. M., Yong, T. S., Yi, C. M., Xuan, S. Y., & Hashim, H. (2022). Language Learning Strategies Used for Enhancing Reading Comprehension among Primary Year 6 ESL Pupils. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences. 12(6), 172 – 183.