ISSN: 2222-6990
Open access
The ability to communicate clearly and effectively contributes significantly to presentation success. Unfortunately, communication barriers can prohibit students from accurately conveying and accepting the messages by others to exchange their knowledge, opinions, and ideas. Previous research evidence has indicated that many students experience fear in oral presentation. This study aims to explain the influence in communication strategies and fear of oral presentation among the postgraduate students in public university. This quantitative survey was used towards 41 respondents who participated in this study. There are three sections in the instrument in which section A consists of the demographic profile and Section B has 25 items on communication strategies and section C has 14 items on causes of fear. This study found that in communication strategies there are five strategies that could help the students to strategize their presentation through social-affective strategies, fluency-oriented strategies, negotiation for meaning strategies, accuracy-oriented strategies, and message reduction, orientation and non-verbal strategies. While fear of oral presentation can stem from two sources and there are external and internal factors, the external factors such as fear of the marks that they will receive and the internal factors such as feeling nervous are the most feared factors among the all factors that the students’ faced. This study has successfully proven the similarity of previous scholars' findings through the findings from recent studies. Therefore, it is very significant to continue the research in future due to different challenges and constraints in performing oral presentations. By identifying problems and challenges through comprehensive research, solutions can be improved over time.
Ab Halim, N. & Ab Halim, R. (2013). English-Medium Instruction and Learning Difficulties in Economics Courses among Malay Students. KONAKA. pp. 313-320. Retrieved from https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/40911/1/40911.PDF
Ahmad, S. N., Rahmat, N. H., & Shahabani, N. S. (2022). Exploring Communication Strategies and Fear of Oral Presentation among Undergraduates. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12(8), pp.1810 – 1832. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v12-i8/14642
Amy M. Bippus & John A. Daly (1999) What do people think causes stage fright?: Naïve attributions about the reasons for public speaking anxiety, Communication Education, 48:1, 63-72, DOI: 10.1080/03634529909379153
Arumugan, N., & Hashim, A. A. B., Selvanayagam, S., & Krishnan, I. A. (2021). Anxiety During OralPresentations in English Among Malaysian Undergraduates. Journal of ELT and Education, 4(1): 19-24.
Belaman, J. A. X., Zakaria, S. F. B., Nasharudin, S. N. S., Ibrahim, I. W., Abdullah, S. A. S., & Rahmat, N. H. (2022). Balancing The Use of Oral Communication Strategies and Fear for Oral Presentation: The Case for Language Learning. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences. 12(6), pp. 849 – 868.
Bodie, Graham. (2010). A Racing Heart, Rattling Knees, and Ruminative Thoughts: Defining, Explaining, and Treating Public Speaking Anxiety. Communication Education - COMMUN EDUC. 59. 70-105. 10.1080/03634520903443849.
Chang, P. (2015, November 25). Business Writing for Success (2015th ed.). University of Minnesota Libraries Publishing.
Endler, N.S. (1980). Person-situation interaction and anxiety. In I. L. Kutash (Ed.), Handbook on stress and anxiety. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, pp.249-266.
Faerch, C., & Kasper, G. (1984). Two Ways of Defining Communication Strategies. Language Learning, 34(1), pp. 45–63. Retrieved from doi:10.1111/j.1467-1770. 1984.tb00995.x
Grieve, R., J. Woodley, J., Hunt, S.E. &McKay, A. (2021). Student fears of oral presentations and public speaking in higher education: a qualitative survey. Journal of Further and Higher Education. 45(9), pp.1281-1293. Retrieved from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0309877X.2021.1948509
Gomez, J. F., & Larenas, C. D. (2020). Use of communication strategies for the listening skill and its relation to university students' English level. Complutense Journal of Education, 31(4), pp. 413-422. doi:10.5209/rced.65406
Hancock, A., Stone, M., Brundage, S. B. & Zeigler, M. T. (2010). Public Speaking Attitudes: Does Curriculum Make a difference?. Journal of Voice, pp.302-307. DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.09.007
Iksan, Z., Zakaria, E., Meera, T.S.M., Osman, K. Choon Lian, D.K., Mahmud, S.N.D. & Krish, P. (2012). Communication skills among university students. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. 59, pp. 71 – 76. Retrieved from https://pdf.sciencedirectassets.com/277811/1-s2.0-S1877042812X00302/1-s2.0-S1877042812036889/main.pdf?X-Amz-Security-
Internal and External Barriers to Effective Communication: And how to overcome them. (2018, July 30). Retrieved from Seekhle Learning: https://www.seekhle.com/2018/07/ barriers-to- effective-communication.html
LeFebvre, L., LeFebvre, L. & Allen, M. (2018). Training the butterflies to fly in formation: cataloguing student fears about public speaking. Communication Education. 1-15. 10.1080/03634523.2018.1468915.
Lokman, A., Hassan, F., Ustadi,Y.A., Rahman, F.A.A., Zain, Z.M., & Rahmat, N.H. (2021). Investigating Motivation for Learning Via Vroom’s Theory. International Journal of Academic Research in Business Studies and Social Sciences. 11(12), pp. 504-530. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v12-i1/11749
Masithoh, H., Fauziati, E., & Supriyadi, S. (2018). Communication Strategies Used by the Students on the Perspective of Language Proficiency. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 5(5), 21-32. doi:10.18415/ijmmu.v5i5.257
McCroskey, J. C. 1984. The communication apprehension perspective In J. A. Daly, & J. C. McCroskey, (Eds.), Avoiding Communication: 13–38. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.
Naser, N. A. M., & Isa, I. A. M. (2021). Public Speaking Anxiety in Oral Presentation Class among Undergraduates. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 11(10), 877 – 889
Rahmat, N. H. (2019). Cycle of Fear in Learning: The Case for Three Language Skills. American Journal of SocialSciences and Humanities, 4(1): 151-162.
Rahmat, N.H. (2020) Investigating the Cycle of Fear in Foreign Language Learning. European Journal of Foreign Language Teaching, Vol 5(1), pp 117-127. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejfl.v5i1.3245
Rahmat, N.H., Arepin, M., Rahman, S.A.S.A, Yunos, D.R.M., Mohandas, E.S., Sukimin, I.S., & Razlan, Z. (2022) Finding a Balance in Self-Imposed and Other-Imposed Prophecies for the Fear of Oral Presentations. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, Vol 12(7), pp 133-148. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v12-i7/14118
Rahman, B.I.H. (2022). An Exploration on Students’ Public Speaking Anxiety: STIFIn Perspective. LLT Journal: A Journal on Language and Language Learning. 25(1), pp. 149-159. https://doi.org/10.24071/llt.v25i1.4502
Raja, F. (2017). Anxiety Level in Students of Public Speaking: Causes and Remedies. Journal of Education and Educational Development. 4 (1), pp. 94-110. Retrieve from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1161521.pdf
Shukla, V. (2022, August 22). What are Communication Barriers & How to Overcome Them. Shine Learning. Retrieved September 13, 2022, from https://learning.shine.com/talenteconomy/career-help/communication-barriers-and-how-to-overcome-them
Tariq, H. 2021. Five Components of a Successful Strategic Communications Plan. Forbes Communications Council. Jun 22. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbescommunicationscouncil/2021/06/22/five-components-of-a-successful-strategic-communications-plan/?sh=6eb8fcc25813
Tarone, E. (1980). Communication Strategies, Foreigner Talks, and Repair in Interlanguage. Language Learning, 30, pp. 417-431. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-1770.1980.tb00326.x
Thirusanku, J. & Md Yunus, M. (2014). Status of English in Malaysia. Asian Social Science. 10(14), pp. 254-260. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/286550677_Status_of_English_in_Malaysia
Tian, S. & Mahmud, M. (2018). A Study of Academic Oral Presentation Anxiety and Strategy Employment of EFL Graduate Students. Indonesian Journal of EFL and Linguistics 3(2), pp. 149-170).
Tridinanti, G. (2018). The correlation between speaking anxiety, self-confidence, and speaking achievement of undergraduate students of private university in Palembang. International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies, Vol 6 (4). http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijels.v.6n.4p.35
Varma, S. B., Rahmat, N. H., Sim, M. S., Abidin, N. S. Z., Jamil, N. S. Z. M., & Mei, H. C.(2022). An Investigation of Classroom Communication Strategies Across Discipline. International Journal ofAcademic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12(5), 648–662
Ya-Chen Su (2021): College Students’ Oral Communication Strategy Use, Self-perceived English Proficiency and Confidence, and Communication Anxiety in Taiwan’s EFL Learning, Educational Studies, DOI: 10.1080/00131946.2021.1919677
Yaman, S?., Kavasog?lu, M. (2013). The adaptation study of oral communication strategy inventory into Turkish. International Journal of Human Sciences, 10(2), pp. 400-419. Retrieved from https://www.j-humansciences.com/ojs/index.php/IJHS/article/view/2685
Yousef, R., Jamil, H., & Razak, N. (2013). Willingness to Communicate in English: A Study of Malaysian Pre-Service English Teachers. English Language Teaching, 6(9), pp. 205-216.
Živkoviý, S. 2014. Teaching Students How to Master Spoken Presentation Skills. Journal of Educational and Social Research. 4(4), pp. 127-133. Retrieved from https://www.mcser.org/journal/index.php/jesr/article/viewFile/3480/3421
In-Text Citation: (Zainuddin et al., 2022)
To Cite this Article: Zainuddin, A., Rahim, M. A., Harith, N. H. M., Yusof, R., Barakbah, N. B. M., & Rahmat, N. H. (2022). Is There a Relationship between Communications Strategies and Fear of Oral Presentation? International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12(10), 2116 – 2136.
Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s)
Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non0-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode