The Impact of Mass Media, Word-Of-Mouth on Travel Intention and Mediating Role of Destination Image and Tourist Attitude

Abubakar, A. M., Ilkan, M., & Sahin, P. (2016). eWOM, eReferral and gender in the virtual community. Marketing Intelligence & Planning.
Aggarwal, P., Cha, T., & Wilemon, D. (1998). Barriers to the adoption of really?new products and the role of surrogate buyers. Journal of Consumer Marketing.
Ashfaq, J., Khan, A., Bilal, M., Salman, M., & Shad, F. (2022). The Impact Of User-Generated Content (Ugc) On Destination Image Formation And Behavior Intentions. Webology (ISSN: 1735-188X), 19(2).
Ashfaq, J., Khan, A., Zulfiqar, U., & Ullah, M. (2021). FACTORS INFLUENCING DESTINATION IMAGE THROUGH SOCIAL MEDIA IN THE PRE-PURCHASE PERIOD OF TOURISM IN PAKISTAN. Sarhad Journal of Management Sciences, 7(1), 103-122.
Baloglu, S. (2000). A Path Analytic Model of Visitation Intention Involving Information Sources, Socio-Psychological Motivations, and Destination Image. Journal of travel & tourism marketing, 8(3), 81-90. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1300/J073v08n03_05
Baloglu, S., & McCleary, K. W. (1999). A model of destination image formation. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(4), 868-897. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(99)00030-4
Bhattacherjee, A. (2000). Acceptance of e-commerce services: the case of electronic brokerages. IEEE Transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics-Part A: Systems and humans, 30(4), 411-420.
Busby, G., Ergul, M., & Eng, J. (2013). Film tourism and the lead actor: an exploratory study of the influence on destination image and branding. Anatolia, 24(3), 395-404.
Bush, A. J., Smith, R., & Martin, C. (1999). The influence of consumer socialization variables on attitude toward advertising: A comparison of African-Americans and Caucasians. Journal of Advertising, 28(3), 13-24.
Chew, E. Y. T., & Jahari, S. A. (2014). Destination image as a mediator between perceived risks and revisit intention: A case of post-disaster Japan. Tourism Management, 40, 382-393. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2013.07.008
Dey, B., & Sarma, M. K. (2010). Information source usage among motive-based segments of travelers to newly emerging tourist destinations. Tourism Management, 31(3), 341-344.
Doosti, S., Jalilvand, M. R., Asadi, A., Pool, J. K., & Adl, P. M. (2016). Analyzing the influence of electronic word of mouth on visit intention: the mediating role of tourists’ attitude and city image. International Journal of Tourism Cities.
Duhan, D. F., Johnson, S. D., Wilcox, J. B., & Harrell, G. D. (1997). Influences on consumer use of word-of-mouth recommendation sources. Journal of the academy of Marketing Science, 25(4), 283-295.
Farrell, W. (2000). How hits happen: forecasting predictability in a chaotic marketplace. Harper Business.
Feiz, D., Fakharyan, M., Jalilvand, M. R., & Hashemi, M. (2013). Examining the effect of TV advertising appeals on brand attitudes and advertising efforts in Iran. Journal of Islamic Marketing.
Ferns, B. H., & Walls, A. (2012). Enduring travel involvement, destination brand equity, and travelers’ visit intentions: A structural model analysis. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 1(1-2), 27-35.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (1998). Multivariate data analysis . Uppersaddle River. Multivariate Data Analysis (5th ed) Upper Saddle River, 5(3), 207-219.
Hawkins, D., & David L, M. (2015). Consumer Behavior: Building Marketing Strategy 11th Ed. In.
Hernandez, M. D., & Vicdan, H. (2014). Rethinking flow: qualitative insights from Mexican cross-border shopping. The International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, 24(3), 347-360.
Jalilvand, M. R., & Samiei, N. (2012a). The effect of electronic word of mouth on brand image and purchase intention: An empirical study in the automobile industry in Iran. Marketing Intelligence & Planning.
Jalilvand, M. R., & Samiei, N. (2012b). The effect of word of mouth on inbound tourists' decision for traveling to Islamic destinations (the case of Isfahan as a tourist destination in Iran). Journal of Islamic Marketing.
Jalilvand, M. R., & Samiei, N. (2012c). The impact of electronic word of mouth on a tourism destination choice: Testing the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Internet research.
Jalilvand, M. R., Samiei, N., Dini, B., & Manzari, P. Y. (2012). Examining the structural relationships of electronic word of mouth, destination image, tourist attitude toward destination and travel intention: An integrated approach. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 1(1-2), 134-143.
Kim, S.-B., Kim, D.-Y., & Wise, K. (2014). The effect of searching and surfing on recognition of destination images on Facebook pages. Computers in Human Behavior, 30, 813-823.
Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling 2nd ed. New York: Guilford, 3.
Litvin, S. W., Blose, J. E., & Laird, S. T. (2005). Tourists’ use of restaurant webpages: Is the internet a critical marketing tool? Journal of Vacation Marketing, 11(2), 155-161.
Llodra-Riera, I., Martinez-Ruiz, M. P., Jimenez-Zarco, A. I., & Izquierdo-Yusta, A. (2015). A multidimensional analysis of the information sources construct and its relevance for destination image formation. Tourism Management, 48, 319-328.
Mansson, M. (2011). Mediatized tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 38(4), 1634-1652.
Mayzlin, D. (2006). Promotional chat on the Internet. Marketing science, 25(2), 155-163.
Mohr, J. (2011). Marketing of high-technology products and innovations. Pearson Education India.
Morgan, N. J., Pritchard, A., & Piggott, R. (2003). Destination branding and the role of the stakeholders: The case of New Zealand. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 9(3), 285-299.
Moschis, G. P., & Churchill, G. A. (1978). Consumer socialization: A theoretical and empirical analysis. Journal of marketing research, 15(4), 599-609.
Pasek, J., Kenski, K., Romer, D., & Jamieson, K. H. (2006). America's youth and community engagement: How use of mass media is related to civic activity and political awareness in 14-to 22-year-olds. Communication research, 33(3), 115-135.
Phau, I., Shanka, T., & Dhayan, N. (2010). Destination image and choice intention of university student travellers to Mauritius. International journal of contemporary hospitality management.
Prayag, G., Hosany, S., & Odeh, K. (2013). The role of tourists' emotional experiences and satisfaction in understanding behavioral intentions. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 2(2), 118-127.
Rice, A. (2001). Once upon a time in Iowa, USA. The encyclopaedia of brands & branding in South Africa, 65-68.
Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2010). Research methods for Business: A Skill Building Approach, A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. In: Singapore.
Shen, H., Song, C., Li, M., & Jiang, Q. (2015). Shaping destination images through social networking sites: A case study of Singapore. In Advances in Hospitality and Leisure. Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
Tan, W.-K., & Wu, C.-E. (2016). An investigation of the relationships among destination familiarity, destination image and future visit intention. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 5(3), 214-226.
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2015.12.008
Tasci, A. D., Gartner, W. C., & Cavusgil, T. S. (2007). Conceptualization and operationalization of destination image. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 31(2), 194-223.
Trusov, M., Bucklin, R. E., & Pauwels, K. (2009). Effects of word-of-mouth versus traditional marketing: findings from an internet social networking site. Journal of marketing, 73(5), 90-102.
Um, S., & Crompton, J. L. (1990). Attitude determinants in tourism destination choice. Annals of Tourism Research, 17(3), 432-448. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(90)90008-F
Xie, P. F. (2014). Tourism in China: Destinations, planning and experiences. In.
Zhang, H., Fu, X., Cai, L. A., & Lu, L. (2014). Destination image and tourist loyalty: A meta-analysis. Tourism Management, 40, 213-223.
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2013.06.006
Zolait, A. H. S., & Sulaiman, A. (2009). The influence of communication channels on internet banking adoption. Asian Journal of Business and Accounting, 2(1&2), 115-134.

In-Text Citation: (Ashfaq et al., 2022)
To Cite this Article: Ashfaq, J., Hassan, H., Khan, A., & Khan, M. W. (2022). The Impact of Mass Media, Word-Of-Mouth on Travel Intention and Mediating Role of Destination Image and Tourist Attitude. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12(10), 3224 – 3239.

Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s)
Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non0-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode