ISSN: 2222-6990
Open access
Corruption has presently evolved into a topic of paramount concern across the spheres of economics, politics, education, and the public sector. The government is deeply committed to addressing this issue, recognizing it as one of the most intractable social phenomena or crimes in the nation, surpassing even other social predicaments such as drug abuse. The pivotal question revolves around the underlying reasons for the persistence of this phenomenon. Notably, this issue encompasses not only low-ranking officials but also individuals who have achieved remarkable status and prestige within society. Thus, the primary objective of this study is to dissect the root causes of corruption prevalent in contemporary society. This research identifies the contributing factors, repercussions, and government initiatives aimed at tackling this issue. Four fundamental issues are brought to the forefront within this paper: (i) corruption in economics, (ii) corruption in politics, (iii) corruption in education, and (iv) corruption in the public sector. The qualitative research method is employed in crafting this paper, grounded in the positivist philosophy, and serves to explore the practice of corruption as a cultural phenomenon. Data collection and amalgamation techniques are instrumental in furnishing inductive or qualitative data analysis. The outcomes of this research chiefly emphasize broader connotations. Utilizing the qualitative method, academic journals previously published, and information acquired from official government and non-government websites are harnessed as research materials to accumulate data and information pertinent to the issue of corruption. A comprehensive review of the literature conducted within this study explicates that corruption emanates from the unprofessional conduct of an individual.
Aderonmu, J. A. (2011). Civil Society and Anti-Corruption Crusade in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa, 13(1), 75-86.
Adnan, M. S. D., & Ismail, M. A. (2013). Impak Rasuah Kepada Pertumbuhan Ekonomi. Prosiding PERKEM VIII,1(2013), 246-253.
Akmal, M. (2019). Cabaran Kerjasama Ekonomi Malaysia dan Indonesia Dalam Pelaburan dan Perdagangan Era Tun Mahathir Mohamad (1981-2003). e-BANGI: Jurnal Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan, 16(5), 1-17.
Aurasu, A. (2018). Anti-Money Laundering Law as A Legal Mechanism to Combat Corruption in Malaysia. Doctoral thesis, Universiti Utara Malaysia.
Azrae, A. N., Latif, M. H. H., & Mohamed, K. (2018). Penglibatan Rasuah Di Kalangan Agensi Penguatkuasaan Kerajaan: Satu Analisis Laporan Berita Tempatan. International Journal of Law, Government and Communication, 3(13), 218-235.
Balwi, M. M. K., Yusoff, M. R., Hamid, A. M. A., Othman, M. F., & Markom, N. (2012). Etika Kerja Dalam Kalangan Penjawat Awam Malaysia: Perbincangan Makro dan Mikro Ke Atas Pembuatan Keputusan Etika. Jurnal Teknologi (Social Sciences), 58(2012), 57-62.
Besar, A. J., Jali, M. M. F., Ibrahim, Y., Ismail, K., Sidek, A. H., & Mohd, N. A. (2012). Persepsi Belia Terhadap Isu Politik dan Dasar Kerajaan Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Youth Studies, 7, 136-156.
Babbie, E. (2017). The Basics of Social Research (7th Ed.). Cengage Learning.
Creswell, J. W. (2013). Research Design: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. Sage Publication Ltd.
Dankumo, A. M., Ishak, S., Oluwaseyi, Z. A., & Onisanwa, I. D. (2019). Does Okun’s Law Explain the Relationship Between Economic Growth and Unemployment in Nigeria? Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, 53(3), 1-10.
Daud, R. (2022). Indeks Persepsi Rasuah: Malaysia jatuh lagi, kali ini dari 57 ke tangga 62 pada 2021. https://www.astroawani.com/berita-malaysia/indeks-persepsi-rasuah-malaysia-jatuh-lagi-kali-ini-dari-57-ke-tangga-62-pada-2021-343461.
Daud, E. (2019). Faktor-Faktor Dalaman Yang Mempengaruhi Niat Individu Untuk Mengamalkan Rasuah di Kalangan Penjawat Awam Pihak Berkuasa Tempatan. Jurnal Kemanusiaan 7:2 (2019), 6-19.
Daud, E., Heng, L. H., & Hassan, A. M. (2019). Etika Kerja Islam Sebagai Pembolehubah Penyederhanaan Terhadap Niat Untuk Melakukan Rasuah di Kalangan Penjawat Awam Pihak Berkuasa Tempatan Negeri Johor. Jurnal Islam dan Masyarakat Kontemporari, 20(1), 123-141.
Eriksson, P., & Kovalainen, A. (2016). Qualitative Methods in Business Research. (2nd ed.)
Sage Publication Ltd.
Hameed, N. M. S. (2022). Rasuah Merompak Ekonomi Negara. https://bku.upm.edu.my/article/rasuah_merompak_ekonomi_negara-71666.
Hashim, M., & Rasdi, M. N. A. (2021). Kepentingan Pendidikan Integriti Individu Berteraskan Tafsir Tasawuf Ish?ri Bagi Penjawat Perkhidmatan Awam. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Quran as Foundation of Civilization (SWAT), 861-872.
Hasan, Z. (2021). Membina Masyarakat Berminda Benci Rasuah. https://www.bernama.com/bm/tintaminda/news.php?id=2026968.
Hairom, N. (2021). Rasuah: Tiga impak ketara ekonomi negara. https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/120469/berita/nasional/rasuah-tiga-impak-ketara-ekonomi-negara.
Ibrahim, M. H., Hashim, M. H., Adnan, M., & Ramlie, H. (2022). Melestarikan Matlamat Pembangunan Mampan (SDGs) 2030 di Institusi Pengajian Tinggi (IPT). International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 7(45), 72-82.
Ishar, M. M. I., Azmi, M. F. A., Mokhtar, M. H., Risal, A. R., Abdullah, M., Ibrahim, K. I., Elias, F. M. F., Hamid, A. Z. M., Jaafar, M. F., & Mustari, N. F. (2021). Amalan Tidak Berintegriti: Remeh Tapi Salah. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 6(8), 215-223.
Ismail, S. H. S., Rahman, A. A., & Zain, M. I. M. (2009). Pengukuhan Nilai dan Profesionalisme Di Kalangan Penjawat Awam Ke Arah Efektif Governan di Malaysia. Jurnal Syariah, 17(3), 559-592.
Ismail, N. S. A., & Abu Bakar, M. Z. (2004). Rasuah ...? Katakan tidak. Seminar Antarabangsa Nilai dalam Komuniti Pasca Modenisme (SIVIC 2004), 1-15.
Jalaluddin, N. H., Mohamed Sultan, F. Z., Hamid, M. N., Khairudin, S., Radzi, H. (2011). Persepsi Politik Dalam Dialek Kedah: Analisis Semantik Kognitif. Jurnal Linguistik, 12(1), 1-23.
Julkifli, A. N. N., Mail, A. A., & Bakar, A. N. S. (2022). Skandal Kewangan 1MDB dan Tumbangnya Kuasa Politik Najib Razak (2009-2018) di Malaysia: Satu Tinjauan. Sosiohumanika: Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan, 15(2), 59-90.
Kromah, M. A., & Srisuk, W. (2022). Investigating the Relationship of Corruption and Student Dropout in Private Schools in Monrovia, Liberia. American Journal of Sciences and Engineering Research, 5(5), 27-36.
Mangafic, J., & Veselinovic, L. (2020). The Determinants of Corruption at The Individual Level: Evidence from Bosnia-Herzegovina. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 33(1), 2670-2691.
Mengzhen, L., Berezina, E., Jaafar, W. M. W., Khir, A. M., & Hamsan, H. H. (2021). Five Important Considerations for the Development of Anti-corruption Education in Malaysia for Young People. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 11(11), 2583–2596.
Mohammad, A. R. (2020). Determinants of Financial Stability of Conventional and Islamic Banks in GCC and Selected Non-GCC Countries. Doctoral thesis, Universiti Utara Malaysia.
Mustapa, S. I. S. (2020). Integriti Akademik Dalam Kalangan Siswa Guru di Institut Pendidikan Guru. e-Prosiding International Conference on Education Research, 752-765.
Othman, I. W., Mokhtar, S., & Esa, M. S. (2022). Corruption Offences Education Literacy in Preventing the Loss of National Treasures: A Review of Challenges and Concerns. International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counselling, 7(47), 639–665.
Rahman, A. A., Aziz, A. M. Y., Salleh, A. Z., & Kamarulzaman, A. N. (2023). Gejala Rasuah Dan Implikasi Terhadap Masyarakat Malaysia Menurut Perspektif Syarak. Journal of Fatwa Management and Research, 28(2), 87-103.
Rahman, A. A., Lokman, N. W., Mohamed Zain, L., Omar, S. M. N., & Gunardi, S. (2022). Analisis Faktor-Faktor Gejala Rasuah Dan Cabaran Menanganinya di Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law, 10(1), 90–97.
Saim, M. N. A. I. (2021). Risk of Construction Corruption Factors in Construction Project Life Cycle from Contractors’ Perspectives. Master Thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.
Sanusi, A. (2017). Perkembangan Pembanterasan Rasuah di Indonesia. Perspektif Jurnal Sains Sosial Dan Kemanusiaan, 9(2), 66-76.
Sopi, S. S. R. (2022). Katak dan Pelacur Politik: Tragedi Ngeri Semasa Covid-19. Advances in Humanities and Contemporary Studies, 3(2), 205-217.
SPRM. (2021). Pelan Antirasuah Organisasi - Membentuk Organisasi Kelas Pertama.https://www.sprm.gov.my/index.php?id=21&page_id=103&contentid=2236&cat=BKH.
Vengadasalam, C., Kutty, R. S., & Sudramanian, M. (2019). Pengukuran Tahap Penaakulan Moral Melalui Pendekatan Domain. Jurnal Penyelidikan TEKNOKRAT, II(XXI), 120-132.
Wook, I., Yusof, M. A. F., & Haron, H. (2022). Rasuah dan Integriti Dalam Pentadbiran Awam di Malaysia: Sorotan Literatur. Voice of Academia,18(2), 41-58.
Yahaya, N. S. (2020). Financial Development, Economic Growth, Corruption, and Environmental Degradation in Sub-Saharan Africa. Doctoral thesis, Universiti Utara Malaysia.
Yusoff, N. H. (2019). Integriti Akademik Dalam Kalangan Mahasiswa Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 15(4), 179-190.
Yusop, M. H. (2014). Rasuah Politik Dalam Kalangan Ahli Politik di Malaysia. Tesis Sarjana, Universiti Putra Malaysia.
Zaini, A. A. D. A. I., & Kadam-Kiai, S. B. (2021). Pandangan Dalam Kalangan Kaum Melayu Dan Cina di Kawasan Sibu Terhadap Cukai Barang dan Perkhidmatan (GST). Trends in Undergraduate Research, 4(2), 1-17.
Zain, M. Z., & Yusoff, M. A. (2019). Impak Ketidakakuran Sivil Terhadap Landskap Politik Malaysia. e-Bangi; Jurnal Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan, 16(6), 1-13.
Zan, M. Z., Ayub, Z. A, Wahab, A. H., Yusoff, M. Z., & Shariffuddin, M. D. K. (2021). Integriti Pegawai Penguatkuasa Ke Arah Matlamat Pembangunan Mampan (SDG) 16: Keamanan, Keadilan dan Institusi Yang Kukuh. Proceeding SOIS-Conference on Contemporary Global Studies, 184-194.
N/A
Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s)
Published by HRMARS (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode