Journal Screenshot

International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

Open Access Journal

ISSN: 2222-6990

Construction and Validation of A Conceptual Entrepreneurship Competency Model for Politics and Law Majors

Xuguang Liu, Mohd Zolkifli Bin Abd Hamid, Mohamad Abdillah Bin Royo

http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v14-i3/21143

Open access

In terms of the study of entrepreneurship competency, significant progress has been made by many scholars. Several entrepreneurship competency models have been built up focusing more on what the general sub-competencies are included, but the specific competency differences and special competency requirements for different colleges and majors are ignored, making them not applicable for all the teaching and learning subjects, for example, the politics and law majors. Till now, although some scholars in China have done some research on the entrepreneurship competency of undergraduates majoring in politics and law in some universities, there is still relatively little research in this area for political and law majors in higher vocational colleges of political science and law. Hence, in view of this situation, based on literature analysis, expert interviews and additional surveys, this paper focused on the construction and the validation of a conceptual entrepreneurship competency model (ECM) that conforms to the specific characteristics of higher vocational colleges of political science and law. The study was conducted in two phases: entrepreneurship competencies’ identification and model construction from literature review, documents analysis and interviews (n=12) in phase I for educators and excellent performers and validation of the model in the form of questionnaires (n = 416) in phase II, during which, the reliability and validity of the instrument were checked to ensure the operability of the model.

Ahire, S. L., & Devaraj, S. (2001). An empirical comparison of statistical construct validation approaches. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 48(3), 319-329.
Bacigalupo, A. M. (2016). Thunder shaman: Making history with Mapuche spirits in Chile and Patagonia: University of Texas Press.
Boyatzis, R. E. (1998). Transforming qualitative information: Thematic analysis and code development: sage.
Brown, T. A. (2015). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research: Guilford publications.
Cadle, J., Paul, D., & Turner, P. (2010). Business analysis techniques: British Informatics Society Limited.
Cárdenas-Gutiérrez, A. R., Bernal-Guerrero, A., & Montoro-Fernández, E. (2021). Construction and validation of the basic scale of entrepreneurial competencies for the secondary education level. A study conducted in Spain. Plos One, 16(4), e0249903.
Cho, Y. H., & Lee, J.-H. (2018). Entrepreneurial orientation, entrepreneurial education and performance. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 12(2), 124-134.
Courtney, E. (2013). A Commentary on the Satires of Juvenal: Lulu. com.
DEMENT, J. M., FRIEDMAN-JIMENEZ, G., MIKULSKI, M., SILVER, K. Z., BERENJI, M., GOLDMAN, R., . . . REDLICH, C. A. (2019). US Department of Labor.
Dismuke, C., & Lindrooth, R. (2006). Ordinary least squares. Methods and designs for outcomes research, 93(1), 93-104.
Elmuti, D., Abou-Zaid, A. S., & Jia, H. (2012). ROLE OF STRATEGIC FIT AND RESOURCE COMPLEMENTARITY IN STRATEGIC ALLIANCE EFFECTIVENESS. Journal of Global Business & Technology, 8(2).
Ericsson, K. A. (2017). Protocol analysis. A companion to cognitive science, 425-432.
Flora, D. B., LaBrish, C., & Chalmers, R. P. (2012). Old and new ideas for data screening and assumption testing for exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Frontiers in psychology, 3, 18053.
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of marketing research, 18(1), 39-50.
Gibb, A. (2008). Entrepreneurship and enterprise education in schools and colleges: Insights from UK practice. International Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 6(2), 101-144.
Guo, H., Phillips, C. L., Peterka, T., Karpeyev, D., & Glatz, A. (2015). Extracting, tracking, and visualizing magnetic flux vortices in 3D complex-valued superconductor simulation data. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 22(1), 827-836.
Hahn, D., Minola, T., Van Gils, A., & Huybrechts, J. (2017). Entrepreneurial education and learning at universities: exploring multilevel contingencies. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 29(9-10), 945-974.
Harrington, H. J. (1994). Business process improvement: Association for Quality and Participation.
He, L., Standen, P., & Coetzer, A. (2017). The perceived personal characteristics of entrepreneurial leaders. Small Enterprise Research, 24(2), 97-119.
Hu, L. t., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural equation modeling: a multidisciplinary journal, 6(1), 1-55.
Huck, J. F., & McEwen, T. (1991). Competencies needed for small business success: perceptions. Journal of Small Business Management, 29(4), 90.
Jansen, J. (2010). The PhD study: An evidence-based study on how to meet the demands for high-level skills in an emerging economy. In: Pretoria: ASSAf.
Jia, J., Wang, G., Zhao, X. n., & Yu, X. (2014). Exploring the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and corporate performance: The role of competency of executives in entrepreneurial-oriented corporations. Nankai Business Review International, 5(3), 326-344.
Keohane, R. O. (2019). The theory of hegemonic stability and changes in international economic regimes, 1967–1977. In Change in the international system (pp. 131-162): Routledge.
Lawless, M. (2010). Deconstructing gravity: trade costs and extensive and intensive margins. Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, 43(4), 1149-1172.
Lawshe, C. H. (1975). A quantitative approach to content validity. Personnel psychology, 28(4), 563-575.
Lee, H.-S., & Lim, J. H. (2017). Structural equation model analysis and AMOS 24. Seoul: Jibhyeonjae.
Likert, R. (1932). A technique for the measurement of attitudes. Archives of psychology.
Matthews, L., Hair, J., & Matthews, R. (2018). PLS-SEM: The holy grail for advanced analysis. Marketing Management Journal, 28(1).
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & PRISMA Group*, t. (2009). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. Annals of internal medicine, 151(4), 264-269.
Muijs, D. (2010). A fourth phase of school improvement? Introduction to the special issue on networking and collaboration for school improvement. In: Taylor & Francis.
Neuman, W. L. (2007). Basics of social research.
Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. (1978). Psychometric theory. New York: MacGraw-Hill. _ d. Intentar embellecer nuestras ciudades y también las.
OECD. (2019). An OECD Learning Framework 2030. The Future of Education and Labor, 23-35.
OECD., K. (2018). OECD science, technology and innovation outlook 2018: OECD publishing Paris.
Oehler, A., Höfer, A., & Schalkowski, H. (2015). Entrepreneurial education and knowledge: Empirical evidence on a sample of German undergraduate students. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 40, 536-557.
Paiva, L. E. B., de Lima, T. C. B., Rebouças, S. M. D. P., & Soares, R. A. (2019). An analysis of the behavioral constructs of sustainable entrepreneurship in Brazilian university students. Revista de Administração da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 12(4), 718-740.
Pallant, J. (2020). SPSS survival manual: A step by step guide to data analysis using IBM SPSS: Routledge.
Pihie, Z. A. L., & Bagheri, A. (2010). Entrepreneurial attitude and entrepreneurial efficacy of technical secondary school students. Journal of Vocational Education and Training, 62(3), 351-366.
Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2006). The content validity index: are you sure you know what's being reported? Critique and recommendations. Research in nursing & health, 29(5), 489-497.
Rasmussen, A., & Fritzmer, A. (2016). From dream to reality: Learning outcomes and didactic principles for teaching entrepreneurship in Nordic schools: Nordic Council of Ministers.
Royston, P. (1992). Approximating the Shapiro-Wilk W-test for non-normality. Statistics and computing, 2, 117-119.
Sitthisak, O., Gilbert, L., & Davis, H. C. (2009). Transforming a competency model to parameterised questions in assessment. Paper presented at the Web Information Systems and Technologies: 4th International Conference, WEBIST 2008, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal, May 4-7, 2008, Revised Selected Papers 4.
Slocumb, E. M., & Cole, F. L. (1991). A practical approach to content validation. Applied Nursing Research, 4(4), 192-195.
Suska, M. (2018). Entrepreneurial studies in higher education: Some insights for Entrepreneurship education in Europe. Horyzonty Polityki, 9(29), 143-156.
Taylor, R. (1990). Interpretation of the correlation coefficient: a basic review. Journal of diagnostic medical sonography, 6(1), 35-39.
Thompson, B. (2004). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis: Understanding concepts and applications. Washington, DC, 10694(000), 3.
Timmons, E., & Spinelli, S. (2003). Entrepreneurship for the 21 St Century. New venture creation, 3, 249-256.
Venesaar, U., Antonelli, G., Doro?y?ski, T., Duarte, H., Kallaste, M., Riviezzo, A., . . . Santos, S. C. (2022). Entrepreneurship competence among students and employees: a comparative study in five European countries. In Annals of Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy–2023 (pp. 120-144): Edward Elgar Publishing.
Whittaker, T. A., & Worthington, R. L. (2016). Item response theory in scale development research: A critical analysis. The Counseling Psychologist, 44(2), 216-225.
Wibowo, A., & Saptono, A. (2018). Does TEACHERS'CREATIVITY impact on vocational STUDENTS'ENTREPRENEURIAL intention? Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 21(3), 1-12.
Wilkinson, A. (1998). Empowerment: theory and practice. Personnel review, 27(1), 40-56.
Williams, B., Onsman, A., & Brown, T. (2010). Exploratory factor analysis: A five-step guide for novices. Australasian journal of paramedicine, 8, 1-13.

(Liu et al., 2024)
Liu, X., Hamid, M. Z. B. A., & Royo, M. A. Bin. (2024). Construction and Validation of A Conceptual Entrepreneurship Competency Model for Politics and Law Majors. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 14(3), 1093–1115.