ISSN: 2222-6990
Open access
Year of 2020 has witnessed a rapid change in employee’s working pattern. Work flexibility has evolved significantly over the years, with the past and current scenarios reflecting changing attitudes towards work arrangements. Many organizations now offer flexible work hours, allowing employees to adjust their schedules to better suit their personal needs and preferences. However, the inequalities in digital technology and the nature of work throughout the world ensure that this working arrangement is uncertain for most employees in Malaysia to be the "new normal". Work From Home (WFH) or telework is considered as an alternative way to organize work. The purpose of this study is to investigate the workplace policy implementation and organizational efficiency from the perspective WFH based on identified factors. The adaption level of flexibility arrangements is continuous after the outbreak from last few years. The samples of employees who WFH and above 18 years old were given questionnaire via Google Doc. Based on a quantitative survey on 353 employees in Malaysia, using eViews are found technological, individual, family, and organizational factors by Baruch and Nicholson are significantly impact on employees’ work performance.
Atchison, C. J., Bowman, L., Vrinten, C., Redd, R., Pristera, P., Eaton, J. W., & Ward, H. (2020). Perceptions and behavioural responses of the general public during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey of UK Adults. MedRxiv, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.01.20050039
Avgoustaki, A., & Bessa, I. (2019). Examining the link between flexible working arrangement bundles and employee work effort. Human Resource Management, 58(4), 431–449. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.21969
Belzunegui-Eraso, A., & Erro-Garcés, A. (2020). Teleworking in the context of the Covid-19 crisis. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(9), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12093662
Brynjolfsson, E., Rock, D., Horton, J., Ozimek, A., Sharma, G., & Ye, H. Y. T. (2020). COVID-19 and Remote Work?: An Early Look at US Data, 1–16.
Crosbie, T., & Moore, J. (2004). Work–life Balance and Working from Home. Social Policy and Society, 3(3), 223–233. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1474746404001733
de Vries, H., Tummers, L., & Bekkers, V. (2019). The Benefits of Teleworking in the Public Sector: Reality or Rhetoric? Review of Public Personnel Administration, 39(4), 570–593. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371X18760124
Dhammika, K. A. S. (2013). Measuring Employees’ Performance in the Public Sector in Sri Lanka: Testing of Two Models. Kelaniya Journal of Human Resource Management, 8(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.4038/kjhrm.v8i1.1
Doan, T. M. H., & Ngo, Q. A. (2020). Flexibility and security policies for elderly workers: A case study in Vietnam. E3S Web of Conferences, 157.
https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015704036
Doerr, K. (2015). Supervisor and coworker barriers to employees ’use of flexible work arrangements and extended leaves of absence by Kristina Doerr A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in Industrial / Organizationa, 1–80.
Fernandes, N. (2020). Economic effects of coronavirus outbreak ( COVID-19 ) on the world economy Nuno Fernandes Full Professor of Finance IESE Business School Spain. SSRN Electronic Journal, ISSN 1556-5068, Elsevier BV, 0–29.
Klindži?, M., & Mari?, M. (2019). Flexible work arrangements and organizational performance – The difference between employee and employer--driven practices. Drustvena Istrazivanja, 28(1), 89–108. https://doi.org/10.5559/di.28.1.05
Ko, E. J., & Kim, S. S. (2018). Intention to use flexible work arrangements The case of workers in Korea and gender. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOCM-01-2018-0001
Krug, G., Bähr, S., Diener, K., & Abraham, M. (2019). Do parents’ flexible working hours affect fathers ’ contribution to domestic work? Pre-Print.
Lyonette, C., & Baldauf, B. (2019). Family friendly working policies and practices?: Motivations , influences and impacts for employers, (October), 1–76.
Masuda, A. D., Poelmans, S. A. Y., Allen, T. D., Spector, P. E., Lapierre, L. M., Cooper, C. L., … Moreno-Velazquez, I. (2012). Flexible Work Arrangements Availability and their Relationship with Work-to-Family Conflict, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover Intentions: A Comparison of Three Country Clusters. Applied Psychology, 61(1), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2011.00453.x
Obisi, C. (2017). Impact of Flexible Work Arrangement on Employees Performance in Public Schools in Lagos State, Nigeria. BVIMSR’s Journal of Management Research, 9(2), 157–166. Retrieved from
https://search.proquest.com/docview/1961322629?accountid=10978%0Ahttp://vu.on.worldcat.org/atoztitles/link?sid=ProQ:&issn=09764739&volume=9&issue=2&title=BVIMSR’s+Journal+of+Management+Research&spage=157&date=2017-10-01&atitle=Impact+of+Flexible+Work+Arra
Saludin, N. A., Karia, N., & Hassan, H. (2013). Working from Home (WFH): Is Malaysia ready for digital society? Entrepreneurship Vision 2020: Innovation, Development Sustainability, and Economic Growth - Proceedings of the 20th International Business Information Management Association Conference, IBIMA 2013, 1(January 2013), 981–989.
Stadelmann-Steffen, I. (2020). How does working time flexibility affect gender-specific work intentions? The European Social Model under Pressure, 297–312. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-27043-8_17
Subramaniam, A. G., Overton, B. J., & Maniam, C. B. (2015). Flexible Working Arrangements , Work Life Balance and Women in Malaysia, (May). https://doi.org/10.7763/IJSSH.2015.V5.417
TalentCorp, M. (2014). WOMEN LABOUR FORCE PARTICIPATION IN MALAYSIA Flexibility in the Workplace The Way Forward, 2013–2014.
Tolbert, P. S. (1994). The Impact of Working at Home on Career Outcomes of Professional Employees The Impact of Working at Home on Career Outcomes of Professional, (January 1994).
Tumin, S. A. (2020). How common is working from home??, (April).
Viete, S., & Erdsiek, D. (2020). Mobile Information Technologies and Firm Performance: The Role of Employee Autonomy. Information Economics and Policy, 51, 100863. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infoecopol.2020.100863
White, D. R. (2019). Agency Theory and Work from Home. Labour, 33(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1111/labr.12135
(Ismail, 2024)
Ismail, N. (2024). Workplace Policy Implementation and Organizational Efficiency from The Perspective Work from Home (WFH). International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 14(5), 1705–1715.
Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s)
Published by HRMARS (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seenavc at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode