Journal Screenshot

International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

Open Access Journal

ISSN: 2222-6990

Rural Tourism Development in Cameron Highlands: Indigenous Community’s Perception towards Socio-Cultural and Economic Impacts

Siti Sabariah Ismail, Zuliah Abd Hamid, Siti Nur Syazwani Mohd Fakri, Liana Hazirah Ab Aziz

http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v11-i13/8516

Open access

The development of tourism industry in Cameron Highlands has brought impacts directly or indirectly to the local community in general, including the minority group of indigenous people. The production of tourism and its operations are largely monopolized by the private entities. Such practices are highly focused on mass tourism, adventure tourism, and ‘greenwashed’ ecotourism, with many having detrimental environmental and local community consequences. The main purpose of the study is to analyse the indigenous community’s perception on socio-cultural and economic impacts as a result of rural tourism development in Cameron Highlands. The research employed quantitative analysis using the stratified random sampling method in the village of Sungai Ruil and Sungai Chohong indigenous community. A total of 270 respondents were involved. Research findings showed that the development of the tourism industry has created positive impacts on these two aspects for the indigenous communities in Sungai Ruil and Sungai Chohong. The results however revealed that in comparison, the socio-cultural impacts are greater than the economic impacts. This research will educate the responsible firms on the socio-economic impacts of rural tourism development towards the indigenous community and the sustainability of these indigenous culture.

Alison, J. M. (2004). Tourists’ appreciation of Maori culture in New Zealand. Tourism Management,25, 1-15.
Andereck, K. L., Valentine, K. M., Knopf, R. C., and Vogt, C. A. (2005). Residents’ perceptions of community tourism impacts. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(4), 1056–1076. doi:10.1016/j.annals.2005.03.001
Aref, F., and Gill, S. S. (2009). Rural tourism development through rural cooperatives. Nature and Science, 7(10), 68–73.
Azuwani, A. R., Noor, K. K., Cheong, Y. Z., Kok, C. C., Aw, N. S. L., Nadiah, M. S., and Abdul, R. K. (2013). Body Fat Percentage Distribution of an Orang Asli Group (Aborigines) in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Nutrition, 19(2), 205–214
Bennett, N., Lemelin, R. H., Koster, R., andBudke, I. (2012). A capital assets framework for appraising and building capacity for tourism development in aboriginal protected area gateway communities. Tourism Management, 33(4), 752–766.
doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2011.08.009
Besculides, A., Lee, M. E., and McCormick, P. J. (2002). Resident's perceptions of the cultural benefits of tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 29(2), 303-319. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(01)00066-4
Brunt, P., and Courtney, P. (1999). Host perceptions of sociocultural impacts. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(3)493-515. doi:10.1016/s0160-7383(99)00003-1.
Cameron Highlands District and Land Office Official Portal (2015). Sejarah Cameron Highlands. Retrieved from http://pdtchighlands.pahang.gov.my/index.php/2012-09-04-08-40-50/latar-belakang/sejarah-cameron-highlands
Cole, S. (2006).Information and empowerment: The keys to achieving sustainable tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 14(6), 629-644. https://doi.org/10.2167/jost607.0
Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16, 297-334.
Dyer, P., Aberdeen, L., and Schuler, S. (2003). Tourism impacts on an Australian indigenous community: A Djabugay case study. Tourism Management, 24(1), 83-95. doi:10.1016/s0261-5177(02)00049-3
Faulkner, B., and Carmen, C. (1997). A framework for monitoring community impacts of tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 5(1), 3–28., doi:10.1080/09669589708667273.
Fox, J. J. (1977). Harvest of the palm: Ecological change in Eastern Indonesia. Harvard University Press. doi:10.4159/harvard.9780674331884.
Greenwood, D. J. (1989). Culture by the pound: An anthropological perspective on tourism as cultural commoditization. The Anthropology of Tourism, 2, 171-185.
Haralambopoulos, N., and Pizam, A. (1996). Perceived impacts of tourism: The case of Samos. Annals of Tourism Research, 23(3), 503-526.
Jaafar, M., Rasoolimanesh, S. M., and Ismail, S. (2015). Perceived sociocultural impacts of tourism and community participation: A case study of Langkawi Island. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 8(2), 123-134, doi: 10.1177/1467358415610373.
JAKOA. (2011). Pelan Strategik Kemajuan Orang Asli, 2011-2015, Jabatan Kemajuan Orang Asli.
Jamiran, M. N. S., and Seow, T. W. (2013). Socio-economic development of the orang asli in Malaysia: Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM). Retrieved fromhttp://eprints.uthm.edu.my/id/eprint/5826/1/14._mohd_nur_syufaat.pdf
Kousis, M. (1989). Tourism and the family in a rural Cretan community. Annals of Tourism Research, 16(3), 318–332. doi:10.1016/0160-7383(89)90047-9.
Krejcie, R. V., and Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30(3), 607–610. doi: 10.1177/001316447003000308
Kuvan, Y., and Akan, P. (2005). Residents attitudes toward general and forest-related impacts of tourism: The case of Belek, Antalya. Tourism Management, 26(5), 691–706. doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2004.02.019.
Lankford, S. V., and Howard, D. R. (1994). Developing a tourism impact attitude scale. Annals of Tourism Research,21(1),121-139.https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(94)90008-6
Látková, P., and Vogt, C. A. (2012). Residents’ attitudes toward existing and future tourism development in rural communities. Journal of Travel Research, 51(1), 50–67., doi:10.1177/0047287510394193.
Madrigal, R. (1993). A Tale of Tourism in Two Cities. Annals of Tourism Research 20:336-353.1995 Personal Values, Traveler Personality Type, and Leisure Travel Style. Journal of Leisure Research 27, 125-142.
McGehee, N. G., Andereck, K. L., and Vogt, C. A. (2002). An examination of factors influencing resident attitudes toward tourism in twelve Arizona communities. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Travel and Tourism Research Association Conference, Arlington, VA.
Mercer, D. (1994). Native peoples and tourism: conflict and compromise. Global tourism: The next decade, Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Moowforth, M., and Munt, I. (1998). Tourism and sustainability: New tourism in the third world. Routledge: London.
Murphy, K. J. (1985). Corporate performance and managerial remuneration. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 7(1-3), 11–42. doi: 10.1016/0165-4101(85)90026-6
Norlida, H. M. S., Ridzuan, O., Siti, H. M. I., Abdul, H. J., and Doris, P. S. (2012). The indigenous community’s perception of tourism development in the Cameron Highlands, Malaysia: A preliminary study. Journal of Tourism, Hospitality, and Culinary Arts, 4, 77–87.
Pérez, E. A., and Nadal, J. R. (2005). Host community perceptions a cluster analysis. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(4), 925–941. doi: 10.1016/j.annals.2004.11.004
Ramachandran, S., Shuib, A., Yacob, M. R., and Som, M. A. P. (2006). Determining responsible tourism indicators: A case of Taman Negara, Malaysia. Proceeding of the International Conference of Sustainable Tourism, Barbados.
Rasoolimanesh, S. M., and Jaafar, M. (2016). Residents’ Perception toward Tourism Development: a Pre-Development Perspective. Journal of Place Management and Development, 9(1) 91–104., doi:10.1108/jpmd-10-2015-0045.
Ryan, C. (2005). Events and artifacts. In C. Ryan and M. Aicken (Eds.), Indigenous tourism. The commodification and management of culture (pp. 151–154). Amsterdam: Elsevier
Sahdan, Z., Che Rose, R. A., and Ahmad, H. (2009). Cultural Changes of Bateq People in the situation of Ecotourism in National Park. e-Bangi (4) 2009: 159-169. Retrieved from http://ejournal.ukm.my/ebangi/article/view/22030
Smith, M. (2003). Issues in cultural tourism studies. London: Routledge. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th Ed. (2007), Columbia University Press, New York. Retrieved from https://www.worldcat.org/title/columbia-electronic-encyclopedia-6th-edition/oclc/746941797
Tosun, C. (2002). Host perceptions of impacts: A comparative tourism study. Annals of Tourism Research, 29(1), 231–253. doi:10.1016/S0160-7383(01)00039-1
Wu, T. C., Wall, G., and Tsou, L. Y. (2014). Serious tourists: A proposition for sustainable indigenous tourism. Current Issues in Tourism, 20(13), 1–20. doi:10.1080/13683500.2014.970143

In-Text Citation: (Ismail et al., 2021)
To Cite this Article: Ismail, S. S., Hamid, Z. A., Fakri, S. N. S. M., & Aziz, L. H. A. (2021). Rural Tourism Development in Cameron Highlands: Indigenous Community’s Perception towards Socio-Cultural and Economic Impacts. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 11(13), 206–221.