ISSN: 2222-6990
Open access
Lower primary students in an international school have always been associated with writing difficulties. This pilot test is intended to assist in following the thread and specifically to assess the effectiveness of the instruments chosen and designed for the actual research, "Writing Skill Challenges Faced by Students in a Lower Primary, International School." Its aim is to assess the instrument's validity and reliability. Through the process of data analysis, two data collection tools, a questionnaire and face-to-face interview questions were statistically and thematically analysed. This pilot study included 15 lower primary students with similar characteristics to the actual samples. The data was then collected and analysed by using the Statistical Package Social Science (SPSS). After the data from the pilot study was entered into SPSS, the data's reliability was calculated and recorded using Cronbach's alpha formula. The findings revealed that all the items were positive, and the content was validated. It showed a very high degree of internal consistency between the given items based on reliability. As a result, no further changes were needed, and these instruments can be used in the actual study without hesitation.
Bonett, D. G., & Wright, T. A. (2014). Cronbach’s alpha reliability: Interval estimation, hypothesis testing, and sample size planning. Journal of Organizational Behavior.
Muijs, D. (2011). “Doing Quantitative Research in Education with SPSS,” London. SAGE Publications Ltd
Braun, V., Clarke, V., Hayfield, N., & Terry, G. (2019). Thematic Analysis. In P. Liamputtong
(Ed.), Handbook of Research Methods in Health Social Sciences, 843–860. Singapore: Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5251-4_103
Bryman, A., and Bell, E. (2003) Business Research Methods Oxford University Press.
Bolarinwa, O. A. (2015). Principles and methods of validity and reliability testing of questionnaires used in social and health science researches. Niger Postgrad Med J. 22(4):195-201
Boudreau, M., Gefen, D., & Straub, D. (2001). Validation in IS research: A state-of-the-art assessment. MIS Quarterly, 25:1-24.
Doody, O., & Doody, C. M. (2015). Conducting a pilot study: Case study of a novice researcher. British Journal of Nursing, 24(21): 1074-1078.
Field, A. P. (2005). Discovering Statistics Using SPSS. Sage Publications Inc.
Ghauri, P., & Gronhaug, K. (2005). Research Methods in Business Studies. Harlow, FT/Prentice
Hall.
Hazzi, O., & Maldaon, I. (2015). A Pilot Study: Vital Methodological Issues. Verslas: Teorija Ir Praktika, 16(1): 53–62.
Kinchin, G., Ismail, N., & Edwards, J.-A. (2018). Pilot study, Does it really matter? Learning lessons from conducting a pilot study for a qualitative PhD thesis. International Journal of Social Research in Business and Social Sciences Science Research, 6(1).
Lawshe, C. H. (1975). A quantitative approach to content validity. Personnel Psychology 28: 563-575.
Lewis, B. R., Snyder, C. A., & Rainer, K. R. (1995). An empirical assessment of the Information Resources Management construct. Journal of Management Information Systems, 12: 199-223.
Marwa, L. W., Davis, S., Griffiths, C., Radley, D. & Strachan, E. (2019). Keeping Track:
Triangulating Methods to Measure the Food Environment: A Pilot Study. Juniper Online Journal of Public Health. 4(3): 1-8.
Dunn, M. W., & Finley, S. (2010). Children’s Struggles with the Writing Process Exploring Storytelling, Visual Arts, and Keyboarding to Promote Narrative Story Writing. 33-42. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ916844.pdf
Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2017). Nursing research: Generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice (10th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Yaakob, S. (2015). Factors Influencing the Writing Skills of Students in Primary Schools. Thesis, Universiti Teknologi Mara.
Sharifah, H. S. D., Jamal, N. Y., & Hamidah, Y. (2017). Kesahan Dan Kebolehpercayaan Instrumen Kajian Penyeliaan Berkesan. JuKu: Jurnal Kurikulum & Pengajaran Asia Pasifik, 5(3): 50–61.
Jackson, S. L. (2003). “Research Methods and Statistics, A Critical Thinking Approach,” USA,
Thomson Wadsworth.
Taherdoost, H. (2016). Validity and Reliability of the Research Instrument; How to Test the
Validation of a Questionnaire/Survey in a Research. International Journal of Academic Research in Management, 5(3): 28-36
Wong, A., & Yamat, H. (2020). Testing the Validity and Reliability of the “Learn, Pick, Flip, Check, Reward” (LPFCR) Card Game in Homophone Comprehension. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 10(1): 22–32.
Wong, K. L., Ong, S. F., & Kuek T. Y. (2012). Constructing a survey questionnaire to collect data
on service quality of business academics. Eur J Soc Sci, 29:209?21.
In-Text Citation: (Moses & Yamat, 2021)
To Cite this Article: Moses, R. N., & Yamat, H. (2021). Testing the Validity and Reliability of a Writing Skill Assessment. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 11(4), 202-208.
Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s)
Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode