The Influence of Transformational Leadership on Job Performance Among Government Agency Support Staff in Southern Region of Malaysia

Abazeed, R. A. M. (2018). The impact of talent management on organizational commitment of the employees of telecommunication companies in Jordan: the mediating role of employee work engagement. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, 8(4), 153-162.
Abd Hamid, M.S. (2013). Transformational leadership practices and employee performance among educational officers in Malaysia. Master’s Dissertation. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Aguinis, H. (2013). Performance management. (3 ed.). USA: Pearson
Ahmad Tajuddin, A.F., & Ahmad, S.Z. (2013). Impact of environmental scanning on the organizational performance of local authorities in Malaysia. Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy, 7(3), 342-363. doi: 10.1108/TG-05-2012-0005
Al Kindy, A. M. Z., Shah, I. M., & Jusoh, A. (2016). Consideration and Methodological Approaches in Studying Transformational Leadership Impact on Work Performance Behaviors. International Journal of Advanced Research, 4(1), 889-907.
Al Kindy, A.M.Z., Mad Shah, I., & Jusoh, A. (2015). The impact of transformational leadership behaviors on work performance of Omani civil services agencies. Asian Social Science, 12(3), 152-164. doi: 10.5539/ass.v12n3p152
Ali Nemr, M.A., & Liu, Y. (2021). The impact of ethical leadership on organizational citizenship behavior: Moderating role of organizational cynicism. Cogent Business & Management, 8(1), 1-14. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2020.1865860
Al-Swidi, A.K., Mohd Nawawi, M.K., & Al-Hosam, A. (2012). Is the relationship between employee’s psychological empowerment and employee’s job satisfaction contingent on transformational leadership? A study on the Yemeni Islamic bank. Asian Social Science, 8(10), 130-150. doi:10.5539/ass.v8n10p130
Anjum, M.A., & Anjum, P. (2013). Counterproductive behaviour at work: A comparison of blue-collar and white-collar workers. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Science, 7(3), 417-434. doi: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/188101
Antonakis, J., & House, R.J. (2015). Transformational and Charismatic Leadership: The Road Ahead 10th Anniversary. Edition (10 ed.). New York: Emerald Insight.
Avolio, B.J., Waldman, D.A., & Einstein, W.O. (1988). Transformational leadership in a management game simulation: Impacting the bottom line. Group & Organization Management, 13(59), 59-80. doi: 10.1177/105960118801300109
Bakar, M.S., & Mahmood, R. (2014). Linking transformational leadership and corporate entrepreneurship to performance in the public higher education institution in Malaysia. Advances in Management and Applied Economics, 4(3),109-122.
Bakker, A. B., Hetland, J., Olsen, O. K., & Espevik, R. (2022). Daily transformational leadership: A source of inspiration for follower performance? European Management Journal.
Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. New York, Free Press.
Bass, B. M. (1995). Theory of transformational leadership redux. The leadership quarterly, 6(4), 463-478.
Bass, B. M. (1998). The ethics of transformational leadership. Ethics, the heart of leadership, 169-192.
Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1994). Improving organizational effectiveness through transformational leadership. CA: Sage: Thousand Oaks.
Bass, B.M. & Avolio, B.J. (1990) Developing transformational leadership: 1992 and beyond. Journal of European Industrial Training, 14, 21-27. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03090599010135122
Bass, B.M., & Avolio, B.J. (1995). Individual consideration viewed at multiple levels of analysis: A multi-level framework for examining the diffusion of transformational leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 6(2), 199-218. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/1048-9843(95)90035-7
Borman, W. C., & Motowidlo, S. J. (1993). Expanding the criterion domain to include elements of contextual performance. Personnel selection in organizations, 71, 98.
Borman, W. C., & Motowidlo, S. J. (1997). Task performance and contextual performance: The meaning for personnel selection research. Human performance, 10(2), 99-109.
Cavazotte, F., Moreno, V. and Bernardo, J. (2013). Transformational Leaders and Work Performance: The Mediating Roles of Identification and Self-efficacy. Brazilian Administration Review. 10(4): 490-512. doi:10.1590/S1807-76922013000400007
Chebon, S.K., Aruasa, W.K., & Chirchir, L.K. (2019). Effect of inspirational motivation and idealized influence on employee performance at Moi teaching and referral hospital, Eldoret, Kenya. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 10(7), 131-140. doi: 10.30845/ijbss.v10n7p14 Daryoush, Y., Silong, A.D., Omar, Z., & Othman, J.(2013). Improving job performance: Workplace learning is the first step. International Journal of Education & Literacy Studies, 1(1), 100-107. doi:10.7575/aiac.ijels.v.1n.1p.100
Diamantidis, A.D and Chatzoglou, P.D. (2018). Factors affecting employee performance: an empirical approach. International Journal of Productivity Management, 68(1), 171-193. doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-01-2018-0012
Elgelal, K.S.K., & Noermijati. (2014). The influences of transformational leadership on employee performance (A study of the economics and business faculty employee at the University of Muhammadiyah Malang). Asia-Pacific Management and Business Application, 3(1), 48-66. doi: 10.21776/ub.apmba.2014.003.01.4
Farid, A., Tasawar, A., Shahid, L., and Abdul, R. (2014). Impact of Transformational Leadership on Employee Motivation in Telecommunication Sector. Journal of Management Policies and Practices. 2(2): 11-25.
Gao, R. (C. R.), Murphy, W. H., & Anderson, R. E. (2020). Transformational leadership effects on salespeople’s attitudes, striving, and performance. Journal of Business Research, 110, 237–245. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.01.023
Hadiyanto., Mukminin, A., Makmur., Hidayat, M., & Failasofah. (2013). Teaching in digital era: English lecturer’s readiness toward the internet use in teaching and learning at selected higher education institution in Indonesia. Asia-Pacific Collaborative Education Journal, 9(2), 113-124.
Haenlein & Kaplan (2004). A Beginner’s Guide to Partial Least Squares Analysis. Understanding Statistics. 3(4): 283-297
Hartati, W., Masyitoh, M., Wahidin, K., & Sutarmadi, A. (2022). Transformational leadership and relational marketing practices in building image at Muhammadiyah higher education institutions in the Cirebon Region. Saudi Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 7(1), 39-45.
Hermina, U.N., & Yosepha, S.Y. (2019). The model of employee performance. International Review of Management and Marketing,9(3), 69-73. doi: https://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.8025
Hidayat, N., & Lee, C. W. (2018). The effect of knowledge sharing on the service innovation performance: An empirical study on restaurant in North Kalimantan, Indonesia. Jurnal Metris, 19(01), 31-36.
https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0b013e318226a763
Jyoti, J., & Bhau, S. (2015). Impact of transformational leadership on job performance: Mediating role of leader-member exchange and relational identification. Sage Open, 1-13. doi: 10.1177/2158244015612518
Karimi, S., Ahmadi Malek, F., Yaghoubi Farani, A., & Liobikien?, G. (2023). The role of transformational leadership in developing innovative work behaviors: The mediating role of employees’ psychological capital. Sustainability, 15(2), 1267.
Kehr, H. M., Graff, D., & Bakaç, C. (2022). Followers’ Motives as Moderators of the Effects of Transformational Leadership Behaviors on Follower Outcomes and Leaders’ Influence. Journal of Business and Psychology, 1-22.
Khalid, N. (2020). Artificial intelligence learning and entrepreneurial performance among university students: evidence from Malaysian higher educational institutions. Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, (Preprint), 1-19.
Koopman, L., Bernaards, C., Hilderbrandt, V., Buuren, S.V., van der Beek, A.J., & de Vet, H.C.W. (2013). Development of individual work performance questionnaire. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 62(1), 2-28.
Koopmans, L. (2015). Individual Work Performance Questionnaire instruction manual. Amsterdam, NL: TNO Innovation for Life – VU University Medical Center
Koopmans, L., Bernaards, C. M., Hildebrandt, V. H., Schaufeli, W. B., de Vet Henrica, C. W., & van der Beek, A. J. (2011). Conceptual frameworks of individual work performance. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 53, 856-866.
Kovjanic, S., Schuh, S. C., & Jonas, K. (2013). Transformational leadership and Performance: An experimental investigation of the mediating effects of basic needs satisfaction and work engagement. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 86(4), 543-555.
Lee, P. K. C., Cheng, E. T. C., Yeung, A. C. L. and Lai, K. H. (2011). An Empirical Study of Transformational Leadership, Team Performance and Service Quality in Retail Banks. Journal Omega. 39: 690-701.
Lor, W., & Hassan, Z. (2017). The influence of leadership on employee performance among jewelry artisans in Malaysia. International Journal of Accounting & Business Management, 5(1), 14-33. doi: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3124285
Manesh, M.H., Singh, J., & Hussain, I.A. (2018). Transformational leadership and contextual performance: A qualitative study among nursing staff in Kuala Lumpur. International of Management and Sustainability, 7(2), 101-112. doi: 10.18488/journal.11.2018.72.101.112
Marbun, S. (2018) The Effect of Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment to Employee Performance with Citizenship Organization (OCB) Behavior as Intervening Variables (At PT Sarana Arga Gemeh Amerta in Denpasar City). International Journal of Contemporary Research and Review, 9(2), 20503-20518. doi: https://doi.org/10.15520/ijcrr/2018/9/02/435
Mohd Shokory, S., Abdul Hamid, S., Awang, M., & Saleh Hudin, N. (2019). The Impact of the leadership of the head of department on administrative staff’s performance in Malaysian premier education university. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(3), 27–42. doi: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v9-i3/5624
Motowidlo, S.J., & Kell, H.J. (2012). Chapter 5 job performance. Handbook of Psychology, 12: Industrial and Organizational Psychology,1-62.
Motowildo, S., Borman, W., & Schmit, M. (1997). A Theory of Individual Differences in Task and Contextual Performance. Human Performance, 10(2), 71-83. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327043hup1002_1
Nguyen, H.M., Mai, L.T., Huynh, T.L. (2019). The role of transformational leadership toward work performance through intrinsic motivation: A study in the pharmaceutical field in Vietnam. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics, and Business, 6(4), 201-212. doi: 10.13106/jafeb.2019.vol6.no4.201
Nugroho, R.H.B.B. (2018). Transformational leadership laboratory: The project’s success factors. International Journal of Contemporary Educational Research, 5(2), 79-86. doi:10.33200/ijcer.467868
Ones, D.S. (2013). Counterproductive work behavior: Concepts, measurement, and nomological network. Test Theory and Testing and Assessment in Industrial and Organizational Psychology,1, 643-659. doi: 10.1037/14047-035
Organ, D. W. (1988). Organizational citizenship behavior: The good soldier syndrome. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
Qalati, S. A., Zafar, Z., Fan, M., Limón, M. L. S., & Khaskheli, M. B. (2022). Employee performance under transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior: A mediated model. Heliyon, 8(11).
Ramayah, T. J. F. H., Cheah, J., Chuah, F., Ting, H., & Memon, M. A. (2018). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using smartPLS 3.0. An updated guide and practical guide to statistical analysis. Malaysia: Pearson
Rosales, C., Díaz-Cabrera, M. D., & Hernández-Fernaud, E. (2021). Influence of measurement type and the moment of occurrence of low performance behaviour's on task and citizenship performance appraisal. Revista Interamericana de Psicología/Interamerican Journal of Psychology, 55(1).
Salgado, J. F., & Cabal, A. L. (2011). Evaluación del Desempeno˜ en la Administración Pública del Principado de Asturias: Análisis de las Propiedades Psicométricas. Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 27, 75–91.
Schaufeli, W. B. (2015). Engaging leadership in the job demands-resources model. Career Development International, 20(5), 446-463.
Selvanathan, M., Selladurai, S., S. Gill, S., Kunasekaran, P., & Pei, J.T. (2016). The customer satisfaction status towards core governmental services in Malaysia. International Business and Management, 11(5), 211-218. doi:10.5539/ijbm. v11n5p211
Singh, J., & Arumugam, T. (2020). Employee contextual performance, social intelligence, spiritual intelligence: A quantitative study in Malaysia. International Journal of Social Rehabilitation, 24(2),968-981. doi: 10.37200/IJPR/V24I2/PR200404
Soelton, M., Pebriani, P., Umar, M., Triwulan, J., & Wilantara, J. (2018). How transformational leadership, communication, and workload on the employee performance affect shoe industries. Southeast Asia Journal of Contemporary Business, Economics, and Law, 19(5), 87-94.
Sultana, U.S., Darun, M.R., Yao, L. (2015). Transactional or transformational leadership: Which works best for now? International Journal of Industrial Management.
Tajeddini, K., Altinay, L., & Ratten, V. (2017). Service innovativeness and the structuring of organizations: The moderating roles of learning orientation and inter-functional coordination. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 65, 100-114.
Uddin, M.A., Rahman, M.S., & Howlader, M.H.R. (2014). Exploring the relationship among transformational leadership, deviant workplace behavior, and job performance: An empirical study. ABAC Journal, 34(1), 1-12.
Yadav, S., & Agrawal, V. (2017). Challenges face by transformational leaders and suggestions to solve the challenges. International Journal of Research in IT and Management, 7(5),34-43. doi: Retrieved by http://euroasiapub.org
Yang, Y., Lee, P.K.C., Cheng, T.C.E. (2016), Continuous improvement competence, employee creativity, and new service development performance: A frontline employee perspective. International Journal of Production Economics, 171, 275-288.
Yukl, G. (2012). Effective leadership behavior. What we know and what questions need more attention. Academy of Management Perspectives, 26(4), 66-85. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/amp.2012.0088
Zahid., & Fariha. (2019). Self-serving counterproductive work behavior: The development and validation of a scale. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Science, 13(2),257-282. doi: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/200992

(Halim et al., 2023)
Halim, M. H. A., Wahab, S. R. A., Chua, J. L., Rahim, N. S. A., Noor, K., Mohd, & Yoo, D. (2023). The Influence of Transformational Leadership on Job Performance AMONG Government Agency Support Staff in Southern Region of Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences, 12(3), 239–256.

Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s)
Published by HRMARS (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode