ISSN: 2226-3624
Open access
The Iraqi Supreme Audit Institution, the main oversight body for anti-corruption, controls governmental activities, protects public funds, and strengthens accountability. Effective leadership styles significantly impact adaptive performance, a crucial process for preventing crises. While research explores the impact of leadership styles on adaptive performance in both private and public sectors, few studies examine the moderating effect of individual innovative behavior on the relationship between strategic leadership behaviors and adaptive performance, particularly within the Iraqi Federal Board of Supreme Audit institutions. Employing contingency theory and systems theory, this study investigates the moderating effect of individual innovative behavior on the relationship between strategic leadership styles (transactional and transformational) and adaptive performance. To achieve the research objectives and test the hypotheses, a quantitative research design with a cross-sectional survey method was adopted. A total of 140 online questionnaires were distributed to public institutions within the Iraqi Federal Board of Supreme Audit. 133 completed and valid questionnaires were returned. The collected data was analyzed using the SmartPLS 3.3.3 software program. The study results support the hypothesized impact of transactional and transformational leadership styles on adoptive performance. Partial support was found for the mediating effect of individual innovative behavior on the relationship between leadership styles and performance. This research concludes by explaining the theoretical and practical contributions to academics and practitioners. The study recommends that government policy can positively influence public organization managers' behaviors and attitudes. Consequently, government policies should be clearer and more consistently enforced to enhance managerial confidence in performance improvement processes. The study also suggests that leadership styles play a significant role in controlling, reducing, and managing adaptive performance within the Iraqi Federal Board of Supreme Audit. Based on the results, the study proposes that managers emphasize transformational leadership factors, as this style is more effective than others in influencing staff's adaptive performance.
Abumandil, M. S., & Hassan, S. (2016). Information quality and decision-making effectiveness: A study of banks in Palestine. International Review of Management and Marketing, 6(7), 127-132.
Al-Ababneh, M. (2020). Linking ontology, epistemology and research methodology. Science & Philosophy, 8(1), 75-91.
Bajalan, D., & Wahab, B. (2016). Escaping the rentier model: reforms in Iraq and the KRI.
Barrick, M. R., Thurgood, G. R., Smith, T. A., & Courtright, S. H. (2015). Collective organizational engagement: Linking motivational antecedents, strategic implementation, and firm performance. Academy of Management journal, 58(1), 111-135.
Bateh, J., Castaneda, M. E., & Farah, J. E. (2013). Employee resistance to organizational change. International Journal of Management & Information Systems (IJMIS), 17(2), 113-116.
Brown, M. E., & Treviño, L. K. (2009). Leader–follower values congruence: Are socialized charismatic leaders better able to achieve it?. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(2), 478.
Caligiuri, P. M., & Day, D. V. (2000). Effects of self-monitoring on technical, contextual, and assignment-specific performance: A study of cross-national work performance ratings. Group & Organization Management, 25(2), 154-174.
Carlsson?Wall, M., Kraus, K., Meidell, A., & Tran, P. (2019). Managing risk in the public sector–The interaction between vernacular and formal risk management systems. Financial Accountability & Management, 35(1), 3-19.
Chirayath, S. (2022). Development of A Template for Placing the Managers based on their Leadership Styles In Banking Sector. Academy of Marketing Studies Journal, 26(5).
Cho, J., Schilpzand, P., Huang, L., & Paterson, T. (2021). How and when humble leadership facilitates employee job performance: the roles of feeling trusted and job autonomy. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 28(2), 169-184.
Claus, L., Lungu, A. P., & Bhattacharjee, S. (2011). The effects of individual, organizational and societal variables on the job performance of expatriate managers. International Journal of Management, 28(1), 249-271
Di Vaio, A., Hassan, R., & Alavoine, C. (2022). Data intelligence and analytics: A bibliometric analysis of human–Artificial intelligence in public sector decision-making effectiveness. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 174, 121201.
Gabel Shemueli, R., Tzafrir, S., Rodriguez Perez, B., Bahamonde, D., & Enosh, G. (2022). Collective compass to unit performance: Linking transformational leadership climate, trust and engagement. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 43(5), 802-813.
Grant, R. M., & Baden-Fuller, C. (2018). How to develop strategic management competency: Reconsidering the learning goals and knowledge requirements of the core strategy course. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 17(3), 322-338.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). PLS-SEM Book: A Primer on PLS-SEM. In: Sage.
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 43(115–135).
Jony, M. T. I., Alam, M. J., Amin, M. R., & Jahangir, M. (2019). The impact of autocratic, democratic and laissez-faire leadership styles on the success of the organization: A study on the different popular restaurants of Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Can. J. Bus. Inf. Stud, 1(6), 28-38.
Kaya, B., & Karatepe, O. M. (2020). Does servant leadership better explain work engagement, career satisfaction and adaptive performance than authentic leadership?. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 32(6), 2075-2095.
March, J. G. (1978). Bounded rationality, ambiguity, and the engineering of choice. The bell journal of economics, 587-608.
Nooraie, M. (2012). Factors influencing strategic decision-making processes. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2(7), 405.
Pulakos, E. D., Arad, S., Donovan, M. A., & Plamondon, K. E. (2000). Adaptability in the workplace: development of a taxonomy of adaptive performance. Journal of applied psychology, 85(4), 612.
Pulakos, E. D., Dorsey, D. W., & White, S. S. (2006). Adaptability in the workplace: Selecting an adaptive workforce. In Understanding adaptability: A prerequisite for effective performance within complex environments (pp. 41-71). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
Puni, A., Hilton, S. K., & Quao, B. (2021). The interaction effect of transactional-transformational leadership on employee commitment in a developing country. Management Research Review, 44(3), 399-417.
Ramalu, S. S., & Janadari, N. (2022). Authentic leadership and organizational citizenship behaviour: the role of psychological capital. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 71(2), 365-385.
Rothfelder, K. (2013). The impact of transformational, transactional and non-leadership styles on employee job satisfaction in the German hospitality industry. Tourism and Hospitality …, 12(4), 201–214. Retrieved from http://thr.sagepub.com/content/early/2013/06/25/1467358413493636.abstract
Tsai, K. H., & Yang, S. Y. (2013). Firm innovativeness and business performance: The joint moderating effects of market turbulence and competition. Industrial Marketing Management, 42(8), 1279-1294.
Utomo, H. J. N., Irwantoro, I., Wasesa, S., Purwati, T., Sembiring, R., & Purwanto, A. (2023). Investigating The Role of Innovative Work Behavior, Organizational Trust, Perceived Organizational Support: An Empirical Study on SMEs Performance. Journal of Law and Sustainable Development, 11(2), e417-e417.
Wan Hanafi, W. N., & Daud, S. (2019). Attaining sustainable organization in an era of technology disruption through leadership and strategic decision making: Mediating role of organizational politics.
Wang, J. (2021). Impact of mobile payment on e-commerce operations in different business scenarios under cloud computing environment. International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management, 12(4), 776-789.
Wang, J., & Zhang, Y. (2021). Using cloud computing platform of 6G IoT in e-commerce personalized recommendation. International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management, 12(4), 654-666.
Ghadi, M., Fernando, M., & Caputi, P. (2013). Transformational leadership and work engagement: The mediating effect of meaning in work. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 34(6), 532-550.
Salih, M. A., & Zainal, S. R. M. (2024). The Mediating Role of Individual Innovative Behavior on the Relationship between Strategic Leadership Behaviours on Adaptive Performance in the Iraqi Federal Board of Supreme Audit. International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences, 13(4), 126–142.
Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s)
Published by HRMARS (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode