Journal Screenshot

International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development

Open Access Journal

ISSN: 2226-6348

The Reliability and Validity of the Simplified Chinese Version of the DASS-21 in Chinese University Students during the Home Isolation of COVID-19 Epidemic

Xiaoling Wang, Xiang Deng, Zaida Nor Zainudin, Wan Marzuki Wan Jaafar

http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARPED/v12-i2/17091

Open access

Objective To assess the reliability and validity of the simplified Chinese version of the Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale (DASS-21) in Chinese university students during the COVID-19 epidemic. Methods Using a whole-group sampling method to investigate 7,364 Chinese university students in home isolation with DASS-21, from April to May 2020, the reliability, and validity of the results were analyzed. Results the items of each subscale of the DASS-21 had a high correlation with the total score of the subscale; the DASS-21 included 21 items, with Cronbach's alpha for the internal consistency reliability of the simplified Chinese version of the DASS-21 was 0.909, and Cronbach's alpha for the internal consistency reliability of the subscales were 0.709-0.810, the DASS-21 had good convergent validity and discriminant validity, the fit indices of the validation factor analysis were well fitted and the intrinsic construct was consistent with the theoretical conception. Conclusion the DASS-21 had good reliability and validity and could be used as a valid tool to examine the psychological status of university students during the COVID-19 epidemic.

Ahmad, N., Roslan, S., Othman, S., Shukor, S. F. A., & Bakar, A. Y. A. (2018). The validity and reliability of psychometric profile for Depression, Anxiety and Stress scale (DASS21) instrument among Malaysian undergraduate students. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 8(6), 812-827.
Antony, M. M., Bieling, P. J., Cox, B. J., Enns, M. W., & Swinson, R. P. (1998). Psychometric properties of the 42-item and 21-item versions of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales in clinical groups and a community sample. PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT, 10(2), 176.
Antunez, Z., & Vinet, E. V. (2012). Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21): Validation of the abbreviated version in Chilean university students. Terapia Psicologica, 30(3), 49-55.
Bados, A., Solanas, A., & Andres, R. (2005). Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of depression, anxiety and stress scales (DASS). PSICOTHEMA, 679-683.
Beiter, R., Nash, R., McCrady, M., Rhoades, D., Linscomb, M., Clarahan, M., & Sammut, S. (2015). The prevalence and correlates of depression, anxiety, and stress in a sample of college students. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS, 173, 90-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2014.10.054
Camacho, A., Cordero, E. D., & Perkins, T. (2016). Psychometric Properties of the DASS-21 Among Latina/o College Students by the US-Mexico Border. J Immigr Minor Health, 18(5), 1017-1023. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-016-0415-1
Fu, W., Yan, S., Zong, Q., Anderson-Luxford, D., Song, X., Lv, Z., & Lv, C. (2021). Mental health of college students during the COVID-19 epidemic in China. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS, 280, 7-10.
Gong, X., Xie, X.-y., Xu, R., & Luo, Y.-j. (2010). Psychometric properties of the Chinese versions of DASS-21 in Chinese college students. Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology.
Haijuan, L., Ju, C., & Ziming, H. (2021). Study on mental health status and influencing factors of university students during COVID-19. China Safety Science Journal, 31(5), 168.
Heeringa, S. G., West, B. T., & Berglund, P. A. (2017). Applied survey data analysis. chapman and hall/CRC.
Hekimoglu, L., Altun, Z. O., Kaya, E. Z., Bayram, N., & Bilgel, N. (2012). Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the 42 item Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-42) in a clinical sample. Int J Psychiatry Med, 44(3), 183-198.
Lee, B., & Kim, Y.-E. (2020). Validity of the depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS-21) in a sample of Korean university students. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY, 41, 3937-3946.
Lovibond, P. F., & Lovibond, S. H. (1995). The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH AND THERAPY, 33(3), 335-343.
Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. (1996). Depression anxiety stress scales. PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT.
LU, S., DUAN, X.-y., & QIU, M.-y. (2020). Longitudinal Measurement Invariance of the Chinese Versions of DASS-21 in College Students. Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology, 28(5), 950-953.
Mishra, S., Sharma, M., Sharma, R., Singh, A., & Thakur, A. (2016). Development of a scale to measure faculty attitude towards open educational resources. Open Praxis, 8(1), 55-69.
Moussa, M. T., Lovibond, P. F., & Laube, R. (2001). Psychometric properties of a Chinese version of the 21-item depression anxiety stress scales (DASS21). Sydney, NSW: Transcultural Mental Health Centre. Cumberland Hospital.
Osman, A., Wong, J. L., Bagge, C. L., Freedenthal, S., Gutierrez, P. M., & Lozano, G. (2012). The depression anxiety stress Scales—21 (DASS?21): further examination of dimensions, scale reliability, and correlates. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, 68(12), 1322-1338.
PAN Xiao, LIU Wei-zhi, XU Zheng-mei, ZHAO Feng, WANG Jia-mei, ZHOU Hong-yu, & Yong-hai, B. (2020). Coronavirus disease 2019-related mental health: research progress[J]. Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University. Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University, 41(3), 303-306.
Torales, J., O'Higgins, M., Castaldelli-Maia, J. M., & Ventriglio, A. (2020). The outbreak of COVID-19 coronavirus and its impact on global mental health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY, 66(4), 317-320.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764020915212
Tuo, H., Weidong, M., Hong, G., Yanchao, H., Zhang, Y., Zhang, C., . . . Congxia, W. (2021). Investigation and analysis of negative emotion among university students during home quarantine of COVID-19. Xi'an jiao tong da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban(1), 132.
Wang, C., & Wang, D. (2010). The comparison of goodness index of structural equation model. Modern Preventive Medicine, 37(1), 7-9.
WHO, C. O. (2020). World health organization. Responding to Community Spread of COVID-19. Reference WHO/COVID-19/Community_Transmission/2020.1.
Xu, C., & ZHANG, D. (2020). Reliability and validity study of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale of the Chinese version in theresidents under standardized training. Medical Journal of Wuhan University, 41(05), 828-831. https://doi.org/10.14188/j.1671-8852.2019.1020
Yi, W., Daxing, W., Xuejing, L., & Hangui, L. (2012). Psychometric properties of the Chinese Short Version of Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale in Chinese adults. Chin J Public Health, 28(11), 3. https://doi.org/CNKI:SUN:ZGGW.0.2012-11-017
ZHANG, D., CUI, S., LI, Y., & ZHANG, J. (2019). Reliability and validity tests of the Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale of the Chinese version in clinical medical undergraduates. Chinese Nursing Research, 33(9), 1494-1497.

In-Text Citation: (Wang et al., 2023)
To Cite this Article: Wang, X., Deng, X., Zainudin, Z. N., & Jaafar, W. M. W. (2023). The Reliability and Validity of the Simplified Chinese Version of the DASS-21 in Chinese University Students during the Home Isolation of COVID-19 Epidemic. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 12(2), 1082 – 1090.