ISSN: 2226-6348
Open access
The Secondary School Standard Curriculum (KSSM) has outlined that every student must be proficient in writing skills. The analysis report of Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM) in 2020 shows that 6.1% of the 381,129 total students who sat for the exam failed the Malay language subject. Due to that results, the researchers have developed the IRAN Technique to help students generate ideas and build grammatical sentences in writing the introductory part of an argumentative essay. The IRAN technique is one of the thinking tools that combines cognitive management tools and a mind map to make it easier for students to learn the skills of writing unformatted essays. This qualitative study was conducted by analyzing documents and questionnaires to explore the use of the IRAN Technique when writing introductions and the construction of grammatical sentences in argumentative essays of medium-achieving students. The construction of the IRAN Technique is based on Behaviorism Learning Theory and adapts the Operant Conditioning Theory to ensure that the technique created can help students write the introductory part of an argumentative essay. This study involved two form four students from a secondary school in Sarikei District, Sarawak. The participants in this study were selected based on the purposive sampling method by selecting students with average performance who scored 50% and below in Paper 1 during the exam and were classified as middle-class students. Data collection was carried out with the IRAN Technique Template and analyzed in detail to investigate the use of the IRAN Technique to generate ideas and grammatical sentences in the introduction of argumentative essays. The findings from this research indicated that the IRAN Technique can enhance the introduction of a student's argumentative essay in a manner that strengthens the way ideas are processed and the construction of grammatical sentences.
Aisyah, N. A., Zamri, M., & Azwa, N. H. N. S. (2016). Faktor -Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Penulisan Karangan Bahasa Melayu Pelajar Sekolah Menengah. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. 1-9.
Akup, A. A., & Yahya, O. (2017). Keberkesanan Peta Pemikiran Dalam Meningkatkan Kemahiran Menulis Esei Bahasa Melayu Dalam Kalangan Pelajar Tingkatan 6. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. 44-55.
Azizee, A., & Ruzanna, M. W. M. (2018). Teknik Grafik Dalam Penulisan Karangan Naratif Murid Tahun 4. Prosiding Seminar Pendidikan Transdisiplin (STEd 2018), 623-634. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Chze, W. P. (2009). Penggunaan peta minda dalam meningkatkan prestasi penulisan karangan naratif Bahasa Cina dalam kalangan murid Tahun 5 Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan. Buku Koleksi Kertas Kerja Seminar Penyelidikan, 135-145
Creswell, J. W. (2005). Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research. Prentice Hall.
Creswell, J. W. (2007). Second Edition Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing among Five Tradition. Sage Publications.
Ghazali, D., & Sufean, H. (2016). Metodologi Penyelidikan Dalam Pendidikan: Amalan dan Analisis Kajian. Bab 8; Analisis Statistik. Universiti Malaya.
Habsah, N. A., & Yahya, O. (2018). Strategi Pembelajaran Kemahiran Menulis Bahasa Melayu Sebagai Bahasa Kedua Dalam Kalangan Pelajar Melanau Daerah Daro. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. 33-41
Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Menengah (KSSM). (2018). Dokumen Standard Kurikulum dan Pentaksiran (DSKP) Bahasa Melayu Tingkatan 4 dan 5. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum.
Laporan Analisis Keputusan Peperiksaan Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia Tahun 2020. (2020). Lembaga Peperiksaan. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. Pusat Pentadbiran Kerajaan Persekutuan.
Lebar, O. (2017). Penyelidikan Kualitatif Pengenalan Kepada Teori dan Metode. Tanjung Malim: Penerbit Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.
Mahzan, M. A., Razaq, A. A., & Muhaimi, M. A. R. (2014). Penggunaan peta minda oleh pelajar pintar cerdas dalam pembelajaran Sejarah. Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. 95-100.
Mariani, A. A., & Ruzanna, W. M. W. M. (2018). Penggunaan Visual Kartun Berbantukan Teknik ‘Pili’ Dalam Menjana Idea. Prosiding seminar Pendidikan Transdisiplin (STEd 2018), 65-70. Fakulti Pendidikan. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Marzni, M. M. (2018). Penerapan kemahiran berfikir aras tinggi dalam pembelajaran dan pemudahcaraan penulisan karangan argumentatif. PHD Thesis. Universiti Sains Malaysia
Merriam, S. B. (1998). Case Study Research In Education: A Qualitative approach. San Francisco USA Jesey Bass.
Nadzrah, A.B., Norsimah, M. A., & Hashimah, N. J. (2011). Investigating Malay language writing proficiency level among upper secondary school students. GEMA: Online Journal of Language Studies, 39-51.
Nee, T. Y., & Syawal, M. A. (2021). Pembelajaran menggunakan kaedah brainwriting dalam membantu murid menguasai kemahiran menulis. Sains Isani, 39-50
Piew, C. Y. (2011). Kaedah penyelidikan, Edisi Pertama. Mc Graw Hill Education.
Rohaida, Y., & Zamri, M. (2015). Keberkesanan Peta Pemikiran (i-Think) Dalam Meningkatkan Pencapaian Penulisan Bahasa Melayu Murid Tahun 6. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. 31-37.
Rozana, J., & Zamri, M. (2020). Strategi Pembelajaran Kemahiran Menulis Dalam Kalangan Pelajar Cemerlang Di Sekolah Menengah. International Research Journal of Education and Sciences (IRJES),1-7.
Rubiaton, I., & Badusah, J. (2018). Kemahiran Menjana Idea Karangan Mengunakan Teknik Bograf di Sekolah Rendah. Prosiding Seminar Pendidikan Transdisiplin (STEd 2018), 20-36. Fakulti Pendidikan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Shahlan S. R., & Semah, R. (2013). Sumbangan Elemen Metakognitif Terhadap Pencapaian Penulisan Karangan. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. 79-91.
Yahya, O., & Azmey, O. (2012). Keberkesanan penggunaan peta minda dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran karangan agumentatif di sekolah menengah Arab di negara Brunei Darussalam. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu, 32-45.
Za’ba. (1965). Ilmu Mengarang Melayu. Kuala Lumpur. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Zikri, M. I. M. Z., Shamsudin, O., Rasid, A. J., & Azhar, M. S. (2020). Penggunaan peta pemikiran dalam pembelajaran penulisan Bahasa Melayu tingkatan tiga di sekolah menengah. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. 14-26.
Zamri, M., Kamiliah, A. A. G., & Ruzanna, W. M. W. M. (2016). Penggunaan strategi pembelajaran bahasa Melayu dalam kalangan murid Cina berdasarkan sikap dan kemahiran bahasa. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu, 38-51.
Zanariah, C. C. H., & Fadzilah, A. R. (2011). Pelaksanaan pengajaran dan pembelajaran kemahiran menulis di sekolah rendah. Jurnal pendidikan Bahasa Melayu, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. 67- 87.
Zuraini, J., & Rasid A. J. (2014) Kesan bercerita terhadap pencapaian penulisan karangan naratif bahasa Melayu. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. 11-18.
In-Text Citation: (Kiong & Said, 2023)
To Cite this Article: Kiong, C., & Said, R. R. (2023). The Development of Ideas for Writing the Introduction of An Argumentative Essay by Using The ‘Idea-Reality-Action-Now’ (IRAN) Technique among Non-Native Speakers in Sarikei District, Sarawak. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 12(2), 872–887.
Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s)
Published by HRMARS (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode