ISSN: 2222-6990
Open access
This paper aims to study about Sultan Muhammad al-Fatih’s spiritual practices as an Islamic-based development (IBD) actor during his time as Turki Uthmaniah leader. Sultan Muhammad al-Fatih lead Turki Uthmaniah at young age which is 22 years old. Even though he is a young leader, he and his army team succeed in fulfill hadith Prophet Muhammad SAW about the conquest of Constantinople which become all previous Islamic leader’s wishes. He also has known with his steadfast on spiritual practices since his matured (baligh) time though he is responsible with many commitments as Turki Uthmaniah leader. Therefore, are spiritual practices important in implement the development and achieve the successful? Three objectives are built in this study which is to discover the spiritual practices of Sultan Muhammad al-Fatih, to analyze Sultan Muhammad al-Fatih’s spiritual practices on IBD and lastly to summarize Sultan Muhammad al-Fatih’s spiritual practices on IBD. Document review and content analysis are used for collect and analyze the data respectively. In a nutshell, this paper found the spiritual practices are important and give a big impact on the victory and glory in a development. Sultan Muhammad al-Fatih’s spiritual practices are divided into two which is basic spiritual practices and virtue spiritual practices. These spiritual practices contributed to develop his spiritual aspect which presents his good akhlak and personality. Moreover, the involvement of spiritual practices in implementation of development may produce a comprehensive and holistic development which covered all aspect of human lives.
Al-Farabi, A. N. (1985). Al-Farabi on the Perfect State: Abu Nasr Al-Farabi’s Mabadi’ Ara Ahl Al-Madina Al-Fadila: A Revised Text with Introduction, Translation, and Commentary. London: Oxford University Press.
Al-Qaradhawiy, Y. (2007). 12 Peribadi Cemerlang Ibadurrahman (trans. Arsil Ibrahim, Khutbah Asy Syeikh al-Qaradhawiy). Wangsa Melawati, Kuala Lumpur: Blue-T Communications Sdn. Bhd.
Al-Sallabi, M. A. (2016). The Greatest Sultan of Ottoman Muhammad al-Fatih Penakluk Konstantinopel dan Rom (trans. Abdul Rachman Saleh Siregar, Fatih al-Qastantiniyyat al-Sultan Muhammad al-Fatih. Kaherah: Dar al-tawziy’ wa al-nasyr al-Islamiyyat, 2006). Batu Caves, Selangor: Al-Hidayah Publication.
An-Nawawi, I. (2013). Al-Wafi: Syarah Hadith 40 (trans. Ahmad Khairi al-Latifi, al-wafi fi syarh al-arba‘in an-nawawiyyat). Batu Caves, Selangor: Al-Hidayah Publication.
Islamweb (2013). Muhammad Al-Faatih: about whom the Prophet gave glad tidings. Access on September 9, 2017 from http://www.islamweb.net/ en/article/136061/muhammad-al-faatih-about-whom-the-prophet-gave-glad-tidings
Itzkowitz, N. (1972). Ottoman Empire and Islamic Tradition. London: The University of Chicago Press.
Mahmud, S. (2012). Penaklukan Konstantinopel oleh Muhammad al-Fatih (1453M). Access on September 9, 2017 from http://sandyghazy.blogspot.my/2012/11/penaklukan-konstantinopel-oleh-muhammad.html
Maksudoglu, M. (1999). Osmanli History 1289-1922: based on Osmanli sources. Kuala Lumpur: International Islamic University Malaysia.
McCarthy, J. (1997). The Ottoman Turks. New York: Addison Wesley Longman Limited.
Rahman, M. S. A. (2013). Kuasa Kepimpinan al-Fateh. Batu Caves, Selangor: PTS Millennia Sdn. Bhd.
Salleh, M. S. (2002). Pembangunan Berteraskan Islam. Kuala Lumpur: Utusan Publications & Distributors Sdn Bhd.
Salleh, M. S. (2003). Tujuh prinsip pembangunan berteraskan Islam. Kuala Lumpur: Zebra Editions Sdn. Bhd.
Santri, D. M. (n.d.). Kisah Ahli Tahajud: Kisah Pedang Malam Al Fatih (Sang Pembuka). Access on November 9, 2017 from http://www.daarulmuwahhid.org/dm/index.php/artikel/kisah teladan/216-kisah-ahli-tahajud-kisah-pedang-malam-al-fatih-sang-pembuka
USIM, P. (2010). Kegemilangan Sirah: Sultan Muhammad al-Fatih. Access on September 14, 2017 from http://pragmatisusim.blogspot.my/010/06/kegemilangan-sirah-sultan-muham mad-al.html
In-Text Citation: (Azmi, 2018)
To Cite this Article: Azmi, M. (2018). Spiritual Practices of Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih as an Islamic-Based Development (Ibd) Actor. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 8(5), 1140–1151
Copyright: © 2018 The Author(s)
Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode