Journal Screenshot

International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

Open Access Journal

ISSN: 2222-6990

Igenerations’ Intention to become Entrepreneur: Determinants in Malaysia

Melissa Wee, Nur Rabiatul Adawiyah, Mohd Zaki Sadik, Nor Lelawati Jamaluddin

http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v11-i6/10207

Open access

The purpose of the research is to examine determinants that influence entrepreneurial intention among iGeneration in Malaysia. This study shall investigate the relationship between perceived education supports, perceived informal network, perceived formal network, and proactive personality toward entrepreneurial intention. The method that have been used in this study was a causal research or hypothesis testing in the experiment, and non-probability sampling was used and to be more precise, judgmental purposive sampling. Primary data was collected through questionnaires that have been distributed among undergraduates in Malaysia. The data has been collected and analyze among 183 respondents by using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). All the independent variables were found to be significantly positive with entrepreneurial intention except for perceived formal network.

Abbasianchavari, A., & Moritz, A. (2020). The impact of role models on entrepreneurial intentions and behavior: a review of the literature. In Management Review Quarterly (Issue 0123456789). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-019-00179-0
Ahmed, S. A. I., & Zumrawi, M. (2015). The Importance of Proactive Personality in Life Success. Ministry of Health Journal, January 2015.
Amos, A. O., Oluseye, O. O., & Bosede, A. A. (2015). Influence of Contextual Factors on Entrepreneurial Intention of University Influence of Contextual Factors on Entrepreneurial Intention of University Students?: The Nigerian Experience. 2015(October). https://doi.org/10.5171/2015.750622
Bazan, C., Shaikh, A., Frederick, S., Amjad, A., Yap, S., Finn, C., & Rayner, J. (2019). Effect of memorial university’s environment & support system in shaping entrepreneurial intention of students. In Journal of Entrepreneurship Education (Vol. 22, Issue 1).
Bielik, P., Horsk2, E., & Ubreziova, A. (2011). Journal of Economics and Business. Economics and Business, 16(110), 853–862.
https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1992.03.02.241
Bignotti, A., & Le Roux, I. (2016). Unravelling the conundrum of entrepreneurial intentions, entrepreneurship education, and entrepreneurial characteristics. Acta Commercii, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.4102/ac.v16i1.352
Toh, B. (2018). Unemployment a serious issue in Malaysia — MIER. 1–8. http://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/unemployment-serious-issue-malaysia-—-mier
Boston University School of Public Health. (2019). Behavioral Change Models?: The Theory of Planned Behavior. 2–3. http://sphweb.bumc.bu.edu/otlt/MPH-Modules/SB/BehavioralChangeTheories/BehavioralChangeTheories3.html
Bouey, J. (2020). Assessment of COVID-19’s Impact on Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: Implications from China. Assessment of COVID-19’s Impact on Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: Implications from China. https://doi.org/10.7249/ct524
Buana, H. (2020). THE ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION AMONG YOUNG GENERATION ( STUDY CASE?: STUDENT OF FACULTY OF BUSINESS PRESIDENT UNIVERSITY ). 5(1), 34–49.
Cardella, G. M., Hernández-Sánchez, B. R., & Sánchez García, J. C. (2020). Entrepreneurship and Family Role: A Systematic Review of a Growing Research. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1–28. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02939
Delle, E., & Amadu, I. M. (2015). Proactive Personality and Entrepreneurial Leadership. August.
Dodd, S. D., & Keles, J. (2015). Expanding the networks of disadvantaged entrepreneurs. OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development), 1–46. https://www.oecd.org
Effect of Social Network Ties in Entrepreneurial Opportunity Recognition & moderation effect of SE. (2016). http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/census-reveals-only-marginal-increase-in-the-
Ensari, M. S. (2017). A study on the differences of entrepreneurship potential among generations. Pressacademia, 4(1), 52–62.
https://doi.org/10.17261/pressacademia.2017.370
Escandon-Barbosa, D., Urbano-Pulido, D., & Hurtado-Ayala, A. (2019). Exploring the relationship between formal and informal institutions, social capital, and entrepreneurial activity in developing and developed countries. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/su11020550
Esfandiar, K., Sharifi-Tehrani, M., Pratt, S., & Altinay, L. (2019). Understanding entrepreneurial intentions: A developed integrated structural model approach. Journal of Business Research, 94(October), 172–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.10.045
Etikan, I. (2016). Comparison of Convenience Sampling and Purposive Sampling. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 5(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20160501.11
European Commission, & OECD. (2017). Policy Brief on Women’s Entrepreneurship. https://doi.org/10.2767/50209
Examples of Causal Research ( Explanatory Research ) Advantages of Causal ( Explanatory Research ) Disadvantages of Causal ( Explanatory Research ). (2014).
Fini, R., Grimaldi, R., Marzocchi, G. L., & Sobrero, M. (2009). The Foundation of Entrepreneurial Intention. Summer Conference 2009 on Copenhagen Business School, January, 1–36.
For, O., & To, R. A. (2018). Isis policy brief. 17–19.
Fuentelsaz, L., González, C., & Maicas, J. P. (2019). Formal institutions and opportunity entrepreneurship. The contingent role of informal institutions. BRQ Business Research Quarterly, 22(1), 5–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brq.2018.06.002
Gubik, A. S., & Farkas, S. (2020). Entrepreneurial Intention in the Visegrad Countries. Danube, 10(4), 347–368. https://doi.org/10.2478/danb-2019-0018
Hou, F., Su, Y., Lu, M., & Qi, M. (2019). Model of the entrepreneurial intention of university students in the Pearl River Delta of China. Frontiers in Psychology, 10(APR). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00916
Hu, R., Wang, L., Zhang, W., & Bin, P. (2018). Creativity, proactive personality, and entrepreneurial intention: The role of entrepreneurial alertness. Frontiers in Psychology, 9(JUN), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00951
Issn, K. (2014). Kasbit business journal (kbj). 1609(1), 1–109.
Ivanovi?-Djuki?, M., Lepojevi?, V., Stefanovi?, S., van Stel, A., & Petrovi?, J. (2018). Contribution of Entrepreneurship to Economic Growth: A Comparative Analysis of South-East Transition and Developed European Countries. International Review of Entrepreneurship, 16(2), 257–276.http://ezproxy.hwrberlin.de:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ent&AN=130879502&lang=de&site=eds-live&scope=site
Kadir, M. B. A., Salim, M., & Kamarudin, H. (2012). The Relationship Between Educational Support and Entrepreneurial Intentions in Malaysian Higher Learning Institution. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 69(Iceepsy), 2164–2173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.12.182
Kale, A. (2013). Chapter 7 Descriptive Analysis. Shodhganga, 193–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-4377-0651-2.10007-4
Kan, M. P. H., Fabrigar, L. R., & Fishbein, M. (2017). Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences. Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28099-8
Kanyan, A., & Kasuma, J. (2020). Relationship Between Informal and Formal Network Towards Entrepreneurial Intention Among Undergraduate at Public University. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business, 8(1), 59–70. https://doi.org/10.17687/jeb.0801.05
Klyver, K., & Grant, S. (2010). Gender differences in entrepreneurial networking and participation. International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, 2(3), 213–227. https://doi.org/10.1108/17566261011079215
Kusumawardhany, P. A., & Dwiarta, I. M. B. (2020). Entrepreneurial Intention Among Millennial Generation: Personal Attitude, Educational Support, and Social Media. 115(Insyma), 63–68. https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200127.013
Li, L., & Wu, D. (2019). Entrepreneurial education and students’ entrepreneurial intention: does team cooperation matter? Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40497-019-0157-3
Mahidin, M. U. (2020). Key Statistics of Labour Force in Malaysia, March 2020. Department of Statistics Malaysia, MAY, 5–9. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004
Mahmood, T. M. A. T., Al Mamun, A., Bin Ahmad, G., & Ibrahim, M. D. (2019). Predicting entrepreneurial intentions and pre-start-up behaviour among Asnaf millennials. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11(18), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11184939
Merriman, M. (2015). Rise of Gen Z: new challenge for retailers. Ernst & Young LLP, 1–12. http://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/EY-rise-of-gen-znew-challenge-for-retailers/$FILE/EY-rise-of-gen-znew-challenge-for-retailers.pdf
Miao, C. (2015). VCU Scholars Compass Individual Traits and Entrepreneurial Intentions?: The Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Need for Cognition.
Miller, A. C., & Mills, B. (2019). ‘If They Don’t Care, I Don’t Care’: Millennial and Generation Z Students and the Impact of Faculty Caring. Journal of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, 19(4), 78–89. https://doi.org/10.14434/josotl.v19i4.24167
Minitab. (2016). Interpret the key results for Correlation. 1–9. http://support.minitab.com/en-us/minitab-express/1/help-and-how-to/modeling-statistics/regression/how-to/correlation/interpret-the-results/
Mohammed, A. Q. (2019). Measuring students entrepreneurial intentions: The study of al Dhafra region, Abu Dhabi, UAE. International Journal of Entrepreneurship, 23(3), 1–10.
Molino, M., Dolce, V., Cortese, C. G., & Ghislieri, C. (2018). Personality and social support as determinants of entrepreneurial intention. Gender differences in Italy. PLoS ONE, 13(6), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199924
Moraes, G. H. S. M. de, Iizuka, E. S., & Pedro, M. (2018). Effects of Entrepreneurial Characteristics and University Environment on Entrepreneurial Intention. Revista de Administração Contemporânea, 22(2), 226–248. https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-7849rac2018170133
Mu, A. (2019). ??No Title No Title. Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling, 53(9), 1689–1699. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004
Nathans, S. (2012). Prologue: A Secret Striving. To Free a Family, August 2015, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.4159/harvard.9780674063297.c1
Nikolic, M., Cockalo, D., Terek, E., Bozic, S., & Nastasic, A. (2017). The impact of life values on entrepreneurial intentions of students in Serbia. Journal of Engineering Management and Competitiveness, 7(1), 28–34. https://doi.org/10.5937/jemc1701028n
Oliver, J. (2019). ??No Title No Title. Hilos Tensados, 1, 1–476. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004
Papadopoulos, V., & Giovanis, D. G. (2018). Reliability analysis. Mathematical Engineering, 9783319645278, 71–98. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64528-5_4
Park, C. (2017). A study on effect of entrepreneurship on entrepreneurial intention. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 11(2), 159–170. https://doi.org/10.1108/apjie-08-2017-024
Parvaneh Gelard. (2011). Impact of some contextual factors on entrepreneurial intention of university students. African Journal of Business Management, 5(26), 10707–10717. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajbm10.891
Peng, Z., Lu, G., & Kang, H. (2012). Entrepreneurial Intentions and Its Influencing Factors: A Survey of the University Students in Xi’an China. Creative Education, 03(08), 95–100. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2012.38b021
Prieto, L. C. (2011). The influence of proactive personality on social entrepreneurial intentions among African-American and hispanic undergraduate students: The moderating role of hope. Academy of Entrepreneurship Journal, 17(2), 77–96.
Ranjan, A. (2013). The role of entrepreneurship in economic development. Global Entrepreneurship and Development Index 2013, 4(6), 53–71. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781782540427.00010
Sabah, S. (2016). Entrepreneurial Intention: Theory of Planned Behaviour and the Moderation Effect of Start-Up Experience. Entrepreneurship - Practice-Oriented Perspectives. https://doi.org/10.5772/65640
Saeed, S., Yousafzai, S. Y., Yani-De-Soriano, M., & Muffatto, M. (2015). The Role of Perceived University Support in the Formation of Students’ Entrepreneurial Intention. Journal of Small Business Management, 53(4), 1127–1145. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12090
Sales, C. (2014). Get Started Today. 1–3.
Schroth, H. (2019). Are you ready for gen Z in the workplace? California Management Review, 61(3), 5–18. https://doi.org/10.1177/0008125619841006
Seng, L. C. (2018). Malaysia Public Universities ’ Graduate Employability Policies?: An Analysis of First Degree Graduates Unemployment and Underemployment Issues. International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research, 6(4), 480–489. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2589702
Shah, A. U. M., Safri, S. N. A., Thevadas, R., Noordin, N. K., Rahman, A. A., Sekawi, Z., Ideris, A., & Sultan, M. T. H. (2020). COVID-19 outbreak in Malaysia: Actions taken by the Malaysian government. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 97, 108–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.093
Sharma, L., & Madan, P. (2014). Effect of individual factors on youth entrepreneurship – a study of Uttarakhand state, India. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 2(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.1186/2251-7316-2-3
Sidratulmunthah, Hussain, S., & Imran Malik, M. (2018). Towards nurturing the entrepreneurial intentions of neglected female business students of Pakistan through proactive personality, self-efficacy and university support factors. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 12(3), 363–378. https://doi.org/10.1108/apjie-03-2018-0015
Silveira, A., Ferreira, C. C., Silvente, G. A., & Carneiro da Cunha, J. A. (2017). Factors and Approaches of Entrepreneurial Intention. Revista de Empreendedorismo e Gestão de Pequenas Empresas, 6(2), 263–290. https://doi.org/10.14211/regepe.v6i2.532
Sindha Neelam. (2014). Review of literature 2 . Review of literature. Amjad 2011, 49–58.
Soria-Barreto, K., Honores-Marin, G., Gutiérrez-Zepeda, P., & Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, J. (2017). Prior exposure and educational environment towards entrepreneurial intention. Journal of Technology Management and Innovation, 12(2), 45–58.
https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27242017000200006
Tassawa, C. (2019). A structural model for predicting entrepreneurial intention of university students. Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences Studies, 19(2), 362–386. https://doi.org/10.14456/hasss.2019.11
Turulja, L., Veselinovic, L., Agic, E., & Pasic-Mesihovic, A. (2020). Entrepreneurial intention of students in Bosnia and Herzegovina: what type of support matters? Economic Research-Ekonomska Istrazivanja , 0(0), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2020.1730216
UCLA. (2020). Regression Analysis | Spss Annotated Output. 2, 1–9.
https://stats.idre.ucla.edu/spss/output/regression-analysis/
Veldhuis, S., Wubben, E. F. M., & Bijman, W. J. J. (2013). Informal and formal networks: The development of informal and formal networks for internationalization of Dutch food SMEs. August, 1–52.
Wang, C. K. (2014). Entrepreneurial Intentions and Tertiary Education ?. May.
Wibowo, S. F., Purwana, D., Wibowo, A., & Saptono, A. (2019). Determinants of entrepreneurial intention among millennial generation in emerging countries. International Journal of Entrepreneurship, 23(2), 1–10.
Wong, R. L. M., Lai, K. H. W., Huang, S. S., Jonas, J. B., & Lam, D. S. C. (2020). COVID-19 Pandemic: Ways Forward. Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 9(2), 59–60. https://doi.org/10.1097/APO.0000000000000283
Yurtkoru, E. S., Ku?cu, Z. K., & Do?anay, A. (2014). Exploring the Antecedents of Entrepreneurial Intention on Turkish University Students. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 150, 841–850. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.09.093
Zhang, B. L. (2020). More than one in six young people have stopped working since the onset of the coronavirus pandemic while those who remain employed have seen their working hours cut by 23 percent, according to the latest International Labor Organization (ILO) data. 1–11.

In-Text Citation: (Wee et al., 2021)
To Cite this Article: Wee, M., Adawiyah, N. R., Sadik, M. Z., & Jamaluddin, N. L. (2021). Igenerations’ Intention to become Entrepreneur: Determinants in Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 11(6), 780–788.