Journal Screenshot

International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

Open Access Journal

ISSN: 2222-6990

Herzberg’s ‘Hygiene’ Factor and Secondary Islamic Studies Teachers’ Motivation Level

Mohamad Syafiq Ya Shak , Alia Yashak, Mohd Haniff Mohd Tahir, Norasyikin Abdul Malik, Nurul Ain Hasni, Nurhidha Irawaty Kasmaruddin, NoorAileen Ibrahim

http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v12-i4/12980

Open access

This paper intends to investigate the Secondary school Islamic Studies teachers' motivational level and factors that regulate it. The relationship between multiple motivational factors which form the 'Hygiene' factors of the Herzberg Two-Factor Theory and their motivational level is analyzed. A modified version of The Teacher's Motivation and Job Satisfaction Survey is employed in 173 respondents in this quantitative study. It is observed that the Secondary school Islamic education teachers' motivational level remains high (min = 4.40). It is also discovered that there is a moderate correlation between the Secondary school Islamic education teachers' motivational level and the motivational factors (r = 0.345). 'Hygiene' or extrinsic factors such as the workplace condition, relationship between coworkers, leadership, remuneration, and job security have been found to significantly affect these educators' motivational levels. It is believed that this study provides significant insights into the Malaysian education system for various stakeholders, particularly in enhancing the motivation of the teachers while elevating their professionalism.

Abdul, J. (2014). Headmasters transformational leadership and their relationship with
teachers' job satisfaction and teachers' commitments. International Education Studies, 7 (13), 40-48.

Abdullah, R. (2014). Gaya kepimpinan transformasi dan hubungan kepuasan kerja guru di
Sekolah Menengah Harian di Daerah Seremban, Negeri Seremban. [Transformational leadership style and its relationship to teachers’ job satisfaction level in daily Secondary Schools in Seremban, Negeri Sembilan]. National Action Research Conference 2014, Official Conference Proceeding, Melaka, 25-26 Jun 2014.

Abuhashesh, M., Al-Dmour, R., & Masa'deh, R. (2019). Factors that affect employees' job
satisfaction and performance to increase customers' satisfaction. Journal of Human Resources Management Research, 1-23.

Alias, B.S., Yussof, A.B.M, Mustapha, R., & Ibrahim, M.S. (2010). Analisis kompetensi
pengetua berdasarkan kualiti peribadi, pengetahuan, kemahiran dan amalan dalam bidang pengurusan sekolah menengah Malaysia. [An analysis of the Malaysian Secondary School principals’ competency in terms of their personal quality, knowledge, skills, and practices in managing their schools]. Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia, 35(20), 31-41.

Ariffin, A.K. (2016). Pelaksanaan penyeliaan pengajaran dan motivasi kerja guru di Sekolah
Menengah Negeri Selangor. [Teaching supervision and teachers’ motivation to work in Selangor’s Secondary schools]. Doctor of Philosophy Thesis: Universiti Malaya.

Arifin, M. (2015). The influence of Competence, Motivation, and organizational culture to
high school teacher job satisfaction and performance. International Education Studies, 8, 38-45.

Aris, M., Talib, R., Rajak, R.A., & Sudar, T. (2011). Kepuasan kerja dalam kalangan
Pensyarah Institut Pendidikan Guru Kampus Temenggong Ibrahim Johor. [Job satisfaction among the lecturers of Temenggong Ibrahim Teacher Education Institute]. Paper presented at the Konvensyen Kebangsaan Pendidikan Guru 2011, A'Famosa Resort Alor Gajah Melaka.

Aziz, N.N.A. & Ramli, H. (2009). Niat ingin berhenti kerja: Kajian ke atas pensyarah UITM
Jengka. Pahang. [Intention to quit work: A study on UiTM Pahang’s lecturers]. Monograph (Research Reports), (September). Retrieved from http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/5604.

Baharudin, S. (2003). Kepuasan kerja guru-guru Sejarah: Satu kajian di Sekolah-Sekolah
Menengah kawasan Felda di Negeri Sembilan. [History teachers’ job satisfaction level: A study in Negeri Sembilan’s Felda settlement Secondary Schools]. Bachelor’s Degree Thesis: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.

Busatlic, S. & Mujabasic, A. (2018). Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory of job satisfaction: A
comparative study between private and public high school teachers in Canton, Sarajevo. International Journal of Business Management & Research, 8 (6), 27-48.

Daud, N. (2010). Jaminan kerja dan hubungannya dengan kepuasan kerja dan komitmen
terhadap organisasi (Job security and its relation with job satisfaction and organizational commitment). Proceeding in International Conference on Ethics and Professionalism 2010 (ICEP 2010).

Halim, N.S. (2013). Menentusahkan faktor tekanan kerja guru sekolah menengah Gred A
daerah Batu Pahat. [Verifying the factors to Grade A secondary school teachers’ work stress in Batu Pahat]. Masters Thesis: Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia.

Hashim, A., Zolkifli, N., Othman, N., & Mustapha, N.H. (2016). Hubungan amalan
pengurusan sumber manusia dan komitmen organisasi. [The relationship between human resource management practices and organizational commitmement]. In 2nd International Conference on Economics & Banking 2016 (2nd ICEB), 262–273.

Hashim, S., & Marappan, S.V. (2011). Kepuasan kerja dalam kalangan guru di Sekolah-
Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan (Tamil) Derah Kulai. [Teachers’ job satisfaction in Kulai’s Tamil National Type Schools]. Johor: Fakulti Pendidikan Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.

Hashim, S.F., & Ghani, M.Z. (2013). Persepsi guru terhadap kecerdasan emosi pengetua dan
hubungannya dengan motivasi kerja guru. [Teachers’ perception on their principals’ emotional intelligence and its relation to their motivation to work]. Malaysian Education Deans’ Council, 10, 90-96.

Hassan, S.N.S., Tamuri, A.H., Othaman, I., & Mamat, M. S. (2009). Kajian persepsi pelajar
terhadap tahap profesionalisme guru Pendidikan Islam MRSM. [A study on the students’ perception of the professionalism of the MRSM’s Islamic Studies teachers]. Journal of Islamic and Arabic Education, 1(2), 31-50.

Herzberg F., Mausner B., & Synderman B. (1959). The motivation to work. New York:
Wiley.

Herzberg, F. (1966). Work and the nature of man. Cleveland, OH: World Publishing
Company.

Hong, O.I. & Ismail, A. (2015). Sokongan pihak pengurusan sekolah terhadap tekanan kerja
guru di Sekolah Kebangsaan dan Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Cina [School administrators support and its relation to teachers work stress in National and National Type Chinese School]. Jurnal Kepimpinan Pendidikan, 2(2), 42-57.

Kumar, R. (2014). Impact of organizational climate on job satisfaction: A study of Bharti
Airtel India Limited in Shimla Zonal Office. International Journal of Development Research, 4, 958-964.

Kwabiah, A., Hodibert, V. A., & Amankwa, R., (2016). Job security, job satisfaction, and
organizational commitment as correlates of job performance among workers in Takoradi, Ghana. Africa. Development and Resources Research Institute Journal, 7(3), 18-30.

Lin, Y.Y.C., & Liu, F.-C. (2012). A cross-level analysis of organizational creativity climate
and perceived innovation: The mediating effect of work motivation. European Journal of Innovation Management, 15(1), 55-76.

Lunenberg, F. C. & Ornstein, A. C. (2010). Educational administration: Concepts and
Practices (Sixth Edition). Boston: Wadsworth Publishing.

Maicibi, N. A. (2003). Pertinent issues in employee’s management. Kampala, Uganda: MPK
Graphics Ltd.

Mertler, C. A. (2001). Teacher motivation and job satisfaction in the New Millennium.
Retrieved from http://eric.ed.gov/ERICDocs/data/ericdocs2sql/content_storage_01/0000019b/80/ 19/c7/e7.pdf.

Mohamad, J., & Yaacob, N.R.N (2013). Kajian tentang kepuasan bekerja dalam kalangan
guru- guru Pendidikan Khas. [A study on Special Education Teachers’ job satisfaction
level]. Asia Pacific Journal of Educators dan Education, 28, 103-115.

Mukhtar, S.Z. (2008). Tahap amalan pengurusan dalam elemen pengurusan pentadbiran dan
pengurusan disiplin di Sekolah Menengah Islam Hidayah Johor Bahru. [The level of management practice in the elements of administrative and discipline management in Sekolah Menengah Islam Hidayah Johor Bahru]. Master Thesis: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.

Mustapha, N.H., & Shahwahid. F.M. (2014). Hubungan antara amalan pengurusan sumber
manusia dengan niat kakitangan akademik untuk terus kekal di universiti swasta. [The relationship between human resource management practices and the intention of the academic staff to continue staying in private universities]. Proceeding of the Social Sciences Research, 885–897.

Omar, M.S., Omar, M.F.M., & Awang, M.I. (2016). Hubungan di antara iklim sekolah dan
kepuasan kerja guru Sekolah Menengah di Daerah Kuala Nerus, Terengganu. [The relationship between a school’s climate and secondary school teachers’ job satisfaction in Kuala Nerus, Terengganu]. Kedah: Universiti Utara Malaysia.

Probst, T. M. (2005). Economic stressors. In J. Barling, K. Kelloway, & M. Frone (Eds.)
Handbook of work stress, (267-297). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publication, Inc.

Rahman, A.M.A. (2000). Manusia dan stress [Human and stress]. Tg. Malim: Universiti
Pendidikan Sultan Idris.

Razab, W.N.W. & Othman, N. (2011). Tahap motivasi dan tekanan guru yang melanjutkan
pengajian. [The motivation and stress level of teachers who are furthering their studies]. Jurnal Kemanusian, 9 (1), 98 -114.

Razak, A.Z.A. (2006). Ciri iklim sekolah berkesan: Implikasinya terhadap motivasi
pembelajaran. [The features of effective school climate: Its implications to learning motivation]. Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia, 31, 3-19.

Sahhari, M. F. (2006). Tahap beban tugas guru Sekolah Menengah di daerah Skudai: Kajian
kes.[Teachers’ workload in Skudai’s Secondary Schools: A case study]. Bachelor’s degree Thesis: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.

Schunk, D.H., Pintrich, P.R., & Meece, J. (2008). Excerpt from motivation in education:
Theory, research, and application. Boston: Prentice Hall Publication.

Shahram, S., Hamid, J., & Rahim, N.M. (2013). The relationship between organizational
climates with job satisfaction of educational teachers at high school grade of Ardabil city. European Journal of Experimental Biology, 3, 556-572.

Sharma, S. (2010). Preferred leadership qualities of principals: What do teachers prefer?
Journal Management and Leadership, 2, 42-58.

Sipon, S. (2010). Stres kerja guru: Punca, kesan dan strategi daya tindak. [Teachers’ work
stress: Cause, effect, and reaction strategy]. Prosiding Seminar Profesion Perguruan, 224 - 232.

Taat, M.S., Abdullah, M.Y., Mohamad, B., Talip, R., Ambotang, A.S., & Zain, S. (2012).
Iklim sekolah berkesan pemangkin kecemerlangan. [Effective school climate in ensuring excellence]. Utusan Borneo, p. B4.

Wahab, N.A. & Abdullah, M.Y. (2018). Hubungan gaya kepimpinan dan pengurusan kerja
guru besar dengan kepuasan kerja guru Sekolah Agama Kerajaan Johor. [The relationship between the principals’ leadership and work management style and teachers’ job satisfaction level in Johor Religious Schools]. Jurnal Ilmi. 8 (1), 136 -150.

Zin, M.L.Z., Pangil, F., & Othman, S.Z. (2012). Peranan tekanan kerja sebagai penyederhana
dalam hubungan antara sokongan organisasi dengan pengekalan pekerja. [Work stress’ role as the mediator between organizational support and workers’ intention to stay]. Jurnal Pengurusan, 36, 33- 44.

In-Text Citation: (Shak et al., 2022)
To Cite this Article: Shak, M. S. Y., Yashak, A., Tahir, M. H. M., Malik, N. A., Hasni, N. A., Kasmaruddin, N. I., & Ibrahim, N. (2022). Herzberg’s ‘Hygiene’ Factor and Secondary Islamic Studies Teachers’ Motivation Level. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12(4), 707–721.