Journal Screenshot

International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

Open Access Journal

ISSN: 2222-6990

Architectural Decorations of The Mosques of Barqah (Eastern Libya)

Yonis Amhimad A. Israfil, Zulkiflee Bin Haron

http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v12-i4/13143

Open access

A group of ancient mosques dating back to the Fatimid period were discovered in the Libyan region of Barqah, when examining its ruins, it became clear the extent of care in their architecture and decoration. The importance of the article lies in its interest in the architecture of the early Fatimid mosques in the province of Barqah, and its tracing of many of the discovered decorative patterns, trying to employ them, and making the necessary comparisons that help in dating them. The main question here is limited to how to identify the decorative artistic methods that surrounded the Fatimid mosques discovered in Barqah. Thus, the study aims to introduce the Fatimid Barqah mosques, and to highlight and analyze their decorative features. Perhaps what gives this study its original character is that it follows a group of decorative samples in some local and international museums, and subject it to study and analysis by following some research methods such as the historical, descriptive and comparative analytical method, in addition to the archaeological research method and its applied methods in the study of archaeological samples, and relying on field visits. Enables the study to sort out some of the features of the architectural decoration that characterized the architecture of the early Fatimid mosques in the province of Barqah by studying some of the decorative samples from them, its showed that there is a specific artistic style that appeared in many of the decorative examples discovered in Barqah, and it showed how consistent it was with the artistic styles coming from the mosques of Tunisia and Egypt. With regard to future studies, the study emphasizes the need to pay more attention to conducting more research on other samples that the researcher could not access due to some security conditions that the study area is going through.

?Abduh, ?A. (2002). Dirasat fi al-?a?arah wa-al-athar al-Islamiyah fi Libiya. Cairo: Dar al-Afaq al-?Arabiyah.
Abdussaid, A. (1964). “Early Islamic Monuments at Ajdabiyah”. Libya Antiqua Journal, 1 (1), 115-120.
Abdussaid, A. (1966). “An early mosque at Medina Sultan”, Libya Antiqua Journal, 3 (4), 155–160.
Abdussaid, A. (1971). “Barqa Modern El-Merj”, Libya Antiqua Journal, 8 (8), 105–121.
Akbar, J. (1992). ?Imarat al-ard? fi al-Islam: muqaranah al-shari?ah bi-anz?imat al-?umran al-wad??iyah. Jeddah: Dar al-Qibla.
Al- Bakri, A. (1992). Kitab al-masalik wa-al-mamalik, A Van Leeuwen; Andre? Ferre?, Tunisia: al-Dar al-?Arabiyah lil-Kitab.
Al- Kindi, M. (1908). Kitâb El-Ùmarâ wa kitâb el-qudâh, Ed Guest, R., Beirut: Matba?at al-Aba al-Yas??iyin.
Al- Ya`q?bi, A. (2002). kitab al-buldan, Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-?Ilmiyah.
Al-?Ayyashi, A. (2006). Al-Rihla Al’ayyashiya 1661 – 1663, 'Abu ?by: dar al-swydy.
al-Basha, H. (1999). Encyclopedia of Islamic Architecture, Art, Archeology, Beirut: Awraq Sharqiyah.
Al-Hamawi, Y. (1977). Kitab Mu?jam al-buldan, Beirut: Dar Sader.
Al-Husayn F. (2007). al-Nuqu?sh al-kitabiyah al-Fat?imiyah ?ala? al-?ama?ir fi Mis?r. Alexandria: Maktabat Iskandariyah.
Al-Idrisi, A. (2020). Kitab Nuzhat al-mushtaq fi ikhtiraq al-afaq. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-?Ilmiyah.
Al-Maqrizi, T. (1991). Kitab al-muqaffa ?al-kabir. Beirut: Dar al-Gharb al-Islami.
Al-Nuwayri, A. (2004), Nihayat al-arab fi fun?n al-adab, vol.28, Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-?Ilmiyah.
Badr, H., Daoud, O. (2020). “The impact of World War II on Islamic monuments in the Al Mechili area”. Journal of Human Sciences, 20(20), 48-73.
Bongianino, U. (2015). “The fatimid palace at ajdabiya: new data and perspectives”, Journal of Islamic Archaeology, 2(2), 171-193.
Daraji, S. (2015). “Aspects of environmental and climatic treatments in the groves of mud in the Libyan oasis”, Arab Scientific Heritage Journal, 1(1), 145-172.
Delaporte, M. (1825). "Extrait du Journal d’une expedition faîte en 1811 et 1812, de Tripoli à Derne par les desert", Recueil de Voyages et de Mémoires, 2(2), 15-31.
Goodchild, R. (1964). “Medina Sultan (Charax-Iscina-Sort)”, Libya Antiqua journal, new series. (1), 99–106.
Hamilton, J. (1856). Wanderings in North Africa, London: printed by woodfall and kinder.
Ibn al-Athir, ?I. (1987). al-Kamil fi al-tarikh, Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-?Ilmiyah.
Ibn al-Khatib, L. (2003). Kitab a?mal al-a?lam, Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-?Ilmiyah.
Ibn ?awqal, A. (1992). Kitab s?u?rat al-ard?, Beirut: Dar Maktabat al-Hayah.
Ibn Khurdadhabah, A. (1889), Kitab al Masalik w’al Mamalik, Lidan: Brill.
Ju?dhari, M. (1954). Sirat al-ustadh Ju?dhar: wa-bihi tawqi?at al-a?immah al- Fat?imiyin. Cairo: Dar al-Fikr al-?Arabi.
Jumu'ah, I. (1967). A study of the kufic inscriptions on stones in Egypt, Cairo: Dar al-Fikr al-?Arabi.
Lowick, N. (1972). “Early Arabic Inscriptions in Libya, Annual Report”, Libyan Studies journal, )3(, 4-5.
Mouton, J. (2008). “La ville de Syrte (Libye) au Moyen Âge: histoire et archéologie”, Bulletin de la fondation Max van Berchem, )22(, 4-5.
Shaghlouf, M. (1985). The discovery of a mosque in the Islamic city of Sort, Benghazi: Qar Younis University.
Ulwaan, M. (2020). al-?imarah al-Fat?imiyah fi Libya Libya. Cairo: Dar al-Hikmah.
Whitehouse, D. (1972). “Excavations at Ajdabiyah: An Interim Report, Annual Report”, Libyan Studies journal, (3), 12-21.
Whitehouse, D. (1973). “Excavations at Ajdabiyah: Second Interim Report, Annual Report”, Libyan Studies journal, (4), 20-27.
Zadah, ‘A. (2006). Awda? al-masalik ilá ma‘rifat al-buldan wa-al-mamalik, Beirut: Dar al-Gharb al-Islami.

In-Text Citation: (Israfil & Haron, 2022)
To Cite this Article: Israfil, Y. A. A., & Haron, Z. Bin. (2022). Architectural Decorations of The Mosques of Barqah (Eastern Libya). International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12(4), 1480–1495.