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The racial-ethnic identity plays a vital role in being able to identify an individual’s self-identity. The ethnic-racial identity develops in stages according to our developmental stages. A study on specific play choices of dolls revealed that infants had developed their ERI from a very young age. Besides, during early childhood, parents play an important role in the development of ERI by intuitively conveying their native ethnocentric cultural norms, beliefs, and traditions of their children for the inherent value. Moving forward to the middle childhood stage, children develop from a literal understanding of ethnicity/race to a more complicated understanding in which they think about their labels more, have more complex knowledge and preferences, participate in more activities, and grasp the consequences of behaviors for ERI. Adolescents become conscious of their social group membership as a result of dynamic interactions with their increasing developmental environment, according to Erikson. Lastly, transitioning from adolescence to adulthood can bring enhanced contextual shifts and identity-relevant events.
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In-Text Citation: (Foon et al., 2022)
To Cite this Article: Foon, T. S., Ramaiah, M., Tak, K. C., Ariffin, A., & Motevalli, S. (2022). Lifespan Model and Ethnic-Racial Identity Development: Literature Review. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12(9), 1455 – 1472.
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