ISSN: 2222-6990
Open access
The badi of a human corpse is a feeling of fear particularly for those involved in being an undertaker. In the Malay community, an individual is assumed to have been affected by the badi of a corpse when there are symptoms which include the following: sleepless nights, joint aches, and pains, feeling disturbed and fearful. These symptoms are experienced during and after the process of the funeral which involves certain aspects such as: the corpse, the condition of the corpse, the burial of the deceased, the products used in the funeral proceedings, the burial site or ground and the cemetery. In addition, this study focuses on the perspective of the Malay-Muslim undertakers in Kedah, Perak, and Kelantan on their experiences with the badi of a human corpse. In this study, the research method is a combination of library research and interviews with the respondents. The gathered qualitative data is analyzed thematically. The research findings show that the concept of badi comprised of several factors which include being religiously and spiritually weak as well as the disturbance of evil spirits. The prime motivation of this particular study is to raise the awareness of the causes of badi and the importance of the prevention of the badi of the deceased. This study also made several recommendations to minimize and prevent the badi of a human corpse based on the experiences of these Malay-Muslim undertakers.
Journal
Heidgerken, A., D., Geffken, G., Modi, A., & Frakey, L. (2005). A survey of autism knowledge in a health care setting. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorder, 35 (3): 323-333.
Feifel, H. (1990). Psychology and death: meaningful rediscovery. American Psychologist, 45(4):537-543.
Lang, R. (2004). Death anxiety and the emotion-processing mind. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 21(1):31-35.
Deacon, B. J., and Abramowitz, J. (1990). Cognitive and behavioral treatments for anxiety disorders: a review of metaanalytic findings. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 60(4):537-543.
Harrawood, L., K., White, L., J. & Benshoff, J. J. (2008). Death anxiety in a national sample of United States Funeral Director. Omega Journal of Death and Dying, 58(2):129-46.
Kurlycheck, R. T. (1972). Assessment of attitudes towards death and dying: a critical review of some available methods. Omega Journal of Death and Dying, 9(1): 37-47.
Slaughter, V., and Griffiths, M. (2007). Death Understanding and fear of death in young children. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 12(4): 525-535.
Terry, L. M. (2012). Dealing with death: first encounters for first year nursing students. British Journal of Nursing, 17(12): 12-35.
Thorson, J. A., & Powell, F. C. (1988). Elements of death anxiety and meanings of death. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 44: 691-701.
Thorson, J. A., & Powell, F. C. (1993). Personality, death anxiety, and sex. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 31: 589-590.
Thorson, J. A., & Powell, F. C. (1996). Undertakers’ death anxiety. Psychological Reports,78: 1228-1230.
Watson, J. (2008). New Dimensions of Human Caring Theory. Nursing Sceince Quarterly, 1(4): 175-181.
Flavell, J. H. (1978). Metacognitive knowledge and metacognitive regulation in self regulatory learning style and its effects on performance expectation and subsequent performance across diverse school subjects. Psychology, 8(1): 213-245.
Quinn, M. D. (2012). The impact of stigma in heathcare on people living with chronic ilnesses. Psycology, 17(2): 157-168.
Giger, J. N., & Davidhizar, R. (2004) A review of the literature on care of clients in pain who are culturally diverse. International nursing review, 51(1): 47-55.
Thesis
Menyweather-Woods, L. C. (1992). Significance of the Influence of World View and Racial Socialization of black American Men. Unpublished Thesis. University of Nebraska- Lincoln: College of Education and Human Sceinces.
Suarez, T. M. (2014). Knowing death: analysis and critique. Unpublished Thesis. Montana State University: College of Human Sceinces.
Books
American Psychiatric Association (1994): Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition. Washington: Mosby.
Basavanthappa, B.T. (2004). Fundamentals of Nursing, 2nd Edition. New Delhi: Jaypee Publishers.
Dempsey, P. A., and Dempsey, A. D. (1996) .Mannual of Nursing. New York: McGraw Hill.
Haralambos, M., and Holborn, M. (1995). Sociology Themes and Perspectives 4th Edition. London: Harper Collins publishers.
Heidgerken, L. E. (2003). Teaching and Learning in Schools of Nursing. Texas: Francis & Taylor.
Kothari, C. R. (2004). Research Methodology: Methodology and Technology, 2nd Edition. New Delhi; New Age International Publishers.
Kozier, B., Erb, G., Blais, K. (1997): Professional Nursing Practice. Concepts and Perspectives. Carlifonia: Adison Wesley.
Quinn, F. (2000). The Principles and Practice of Nurse Education 3rd Edition. New York: Nelson Thorns.
Robinson R. (2004). End of Life Education in Undergraduate Nursing Curricular 2nd Edition. New York: Nelson Thornes.
Freud, S. (1918) Reflection on war and death. New York: Moffat, Yard and Company.
Wong, P. T., Gary, T., R., Gina, G. (2015). A Multidimensional Measure of Attitudes Toward Death. Dalam Robert, A., N., (E.d). Death Anxiety Handbook: Research, Instrumentation and Application (40-49). Taylor & Francis: Abingdon.
Wong, P. T. (2008). The Meaning Management Theory. Tomer, A., Eliason, G., T., (E.d.). Dalam Existential and Spiritual Issues on Death Attributes (24-30). Taylor & Francis: Abingdon.
Berman, A. T., & Snyder, S. (2011). Nursing basic for clinical practice. Pearson: Nevada.
Skeat, W. W. (1900). Malay magic an introduction to the folkfore and popular religion of malay peninsula. New York: Macmillan and Co. Limited.
Hassan, R. (1990). The concept of badi as a pathogenic stress: two case report. Kuala Lumpur: Department of Psyciatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Interviews
Undertaker 1 (PJ1), The Perspective of the Malay-Muslim Undertaker on the Badi of a Human Corpse, 6 February 2023, Masjid Sungai Pau, Sik, Kedah.
Undertaker 2 (PJ2), The Perspective of the Malay-Muslim Undertaker on the Badi of a Human Corpse, 7 February 2023, Masjid Kampung Hujung Galok, Pasir Mas, Kelantan.
Undertaker 3 (PJ3), The Perspective of the Malay-Muslim Undertaker on the Badi of a Human Corpse, 14 February 2023, Masjid Kampung Hujung Galok, Pasir Mas, Kelantan.
Undertaker 4 (PJ4), The Perspective of the Malay-Muslim Undertaker on the Badi of a Human Corpse, 18 February 2023, Masjid Masjid Sungai Pau, Sik, Kedah, Kelantan.
Patient 1 (PBJ1), The Perspective of the Malay-Muslim Undertaker on the Badi of a Human Corpse, 2 February 2023, Masjid Seri Iskandar, Perak.
Patient 2 (PBJ2), The Perspective of the Malay-Muslim Patient on the Badi of a Human Corpse, 2 February 2023, Masjid Seri Iskandar, Perak.
Patient 3 (PBJ3), The Perspective of the Malay-Muslim Patient on the Badi of a Human Corpse, 3 February 2023, Masjid Seri Iskandar, Perak.
Patient 4 (PBJ4), The Perspective of the Malay-Muslim
In-Text Citation: (Salleh et al., 2023)
To Cite this Article: Salleh, M. Y. Y. @, Ahmad, M. S., Hassan, P., Abidin, M. Z. H. Z., Razak, M. I. A., Ibrahim, N. A., & Ramli, M. A. (2023). The Perspective of the Malay-Muslim Undertaker on the Badi of a Human Corpse. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 13(4), 637 – 654.
Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s)
Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non0-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode