Journal Screenshot

International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

Open Access Journal

ISSN: 2222-6990

Exploring Spiritual Education in the Chinese Context: Concepts, Objectives and Methods

Zhao Yanmei, Mohd Mokhtar Muhamad, Siti Salina Mustakim

http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v13-i10/18909

Open access

The purpose of this paper is to explore in depth the development of spiritual education in China, focusing on analyzing its concepts, objectives, and implementation methods. As an educational approach to cultivating inner emotional wisdom and moral awareness, spiritual education is gradually emerging in Chinese academics. As an educational model focusing on the individual's inner growth, emotional cognition, and meaning of life, it highlights the cultivation of inspirational wisdom, moral values, and social responsibility. It integrates traditional cultural values with modern educational requirements. It is essential to supplement formal subject education, promote all-round development, and foster a sense of social responsibility. The methods and strategies for conducting spiritual education cover various dimensions, including curriculum development, educational activities, teacher training, and student participation. These methods and techniques can help guide students to emotional expression, inner growth, emotional intelligence, and holistic development. Through a systematic review approach, this paper presents a comprehensive picture of spiritual education's status and significance in China. It provides valuable guidance for future educational practice and research to cultivate more emotionally intelligent and socially responsible students.

Chen, B., & Ji, Y. (2011). Spiritual Thought and Its Sociological Implications. Journal of Jinggangshan University (Social Sciences Edition), (1).
Chen, D. H., & Wang, S. Z. (2012). The implications and purpose of Zhuangzi's spiritual education. In Proceedings of the Cross-Strait "Chinese Culture and Religion Unity and Mount Wutai Buddhist Culture" Conference. Chinese Academy of Social Sciences; Shanxi Overseas Friendship Association; Shanxi Ethnic and Religious Cultural Exchange Center.
Chen, J.-X. (2016). Spiritual Education of Tao: Starting from "Water Metaphor" and "Child Metaphor." Chinese Teachers, (1).
Chen, J.-S. (2018). Interpretation of the 19th National Congress Report from the Dimensions of Sensibility, Rationality, and Spirituality. Theory and Reform, (2).
Chen, S. L., & Long, Q. (2023). A survey of the spiritual health status of undergraduate nursing students and an analysis of influencing factors. Nursing Science, 12, 141.
Chen, S. Y. (2019). Reflections on establishing a language learning community under the guidance of spiritual education. New Education (Hainan), (19), 2.
Chen, Y. (2018). Modern Significance and Promotion of Education Spiritualization. Education Theory and Practice, (34).
Gao, L. (2003). Reflections on "Spiritual" Education. Preschool Education Research, (6).
Hao, C.-L. (2010). Analysis of the Function of Spiritual Education in Children's Growth Process of Emotional Education. Journal of Ningxia Teachers' College (Social Science), (5).
He, X.-H. (2015). Effective Strategies for Implementing Field Course of Spiritual Education. Teacher Education, (7).
Hou, C.-L. (2018). The Call for Spiritual Education in the Era of Artificial Intelligence. Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University (Educational Science Edition), (6).
Hou, C.-L. (2017). Theoretical Exploration and Practical Strategy of University Spiritual Education. Chongqing Higher Education Research, (6).
Hou, C.-L. (2018). Educational Choice for Comprehensive Human Development. Journal of Ningbo University (Educational Science Edition), (1).
Hou, C.-L., & Zhang, X.-T. (2016). On University Spirituality. Educational Research, (7).
Hu, S.-Q. (2013). Reflecting on Spiritual Education in Higher Education from Karl Rahner's Mystical Teaching. Journal of Life Education, 5(2), 103.
Li, J. D. (2012). The end of secular utilitarian education. Modern Enterprise Education, (8), 240-241.
Li, N., Tian, B. J., Zhao, D., Guo, Z. H., & Ren, X. H. (2017). Progress in spiritual care education for nursing staff. Chinese Nursing Management, 17(2), 188-192.
Li, N.-H. (2005). An Inquiry into Spiritual Education in Chinese Language [Doctoral dissertation]. Changsha: Hunan Normal University.
Li, W.-J. (2006). Promoting Development through Education, Building a Harmonious World: Discussion on the Bahá'í Concept of "New World Order" and the View of "Education Dominated by Spiritual Education." World Religious Research, (4).
Li, X.-C., & Wang, H. (2018). Research on the Behavioral-Driven Approach to Spiritual Education of Vocational College Teachers Based on Grounded Theory. Contemporary Vocational Education, (3), 5.
Li, Y., & Yang, F.-L. (2020). On University Spiritual Physical Education. Journal of Tongren University, (1).
Lin, C.-P. (2015). A Response to Fang Yongquan's "Can Spirituality Be Taught?"—On Spirituality and Spiritual Education. Shibei Journal of Education, (51), 27-48.
Liu, F., & Teng, S.-Y. (2013). Children's Tang Poetry Education: Returning to Art and Nurturing Spirituality. Preschool Education Research, (1).
Long, H.-X., & Zhang, L.-H. (2017). Cultivation of Spiritual Awareness in Campus Life. Journal of Tongren University, (10).
Qi, L. (2017). On University Spirituality. Journal of Modern Education Forum, (4).
Shen, H. (2013). Factors affecting the mental health of college students and social work intervention strategies: A discussion from a spiritual perspective. Social Work and Management, 13(1), 27-33.
Wang, J. L. (2021). Transitioning from noise to tranquility: The way of self-composure and spiritual education in times of pandemic. Journal of Educational Practice & Research, 34.
Wang, K. (2015). Spiritual Education: Respecting Children's Natural Growth. Liaoning Education, (12).
Wang, K. (2016). "Spiritual Education": Resonating Education with Life's Spirituality. Forum on Elementary Education, (30).
Wang, L.-H., & He, R.-F. (2011). College Students' Life Education and Spiritual Education. Journal of Nanchang University (Humanities and Social Sciences), (3).
What does spirituality mean_Spirituality Explanation_Chinese Dictionary_Dictionary.com. (n.d.).
https://www.cidianwang.com/cd/l/lingxing171403.htm
Xia, H. (2012). Active Classroom Spiritual Education. Primary School Times, (8).
Xiang, Y.-H. (2019). Discussion on Children's Spirituality and Its Educational Strategies. Science and Education Guide, (2).
Xu, Y.-M. (2012). Rural Beauty and Spiritual Education. New Curriculum Study, (9).
Yang, Y.-D., & Hao, Z.-J. (2016). Value Pursuit and Practical Approach of Spiritual Education. Educational Research, (12).
Zeng, W.-H. (2018). University Humanities Education and the Expansion of Human Spirituality. Journal of Tongren University, (1).
Zeng, W.-H. (2019). Theoretical Origin and Path Selection of the Core Mission of University Teachers in the New Era. Journal of Tongren University, (2).
Zeng, W.-H., & Hu, Y.-S. (2018). Cultivation of College Students' Spiritual Wisdom. Coal Higher Education, (4).
Zhang, B.-C. (2016). Making "Spirituality" the Eternal Theme of Student Development: Notes on the Reform of "Three Nature Education" at Anqiu Experimental Primary School (Part 2). Shandong Education: Elementary School Journal, (007), 71-75.
Zhang, M.-H. (2018). Seeking Beautiful Rural Education in Nature's Spirituality. People's Education, (2).
Zhang, X.-T., & Li, Z.-S. (2018). Revisiting University Spirituality. Journal of Tongren University, (1).
Zhang, X.-F., & Guo, Q.-X. (2020). Spiritual Physical Education: Call of Humanistic Sports. Journal of Tongren University, (1).
Zhao, M.-L. (2019). Penetration and Integration of Spiritual Education in College Students' Mental Health Education Courses. SME Management and Technology, (8).
Zhu, X.-Z. (2008). The Ontological Function of Education: Enhancing Human Spirituality. Educational Research, (9).
Zhou, L.-J. (2011). Using Spiritual Education to Promote Mental Health. China Science and Education Innovation Guide, (8), 2.

(Yanmei et al., 2023)
Yanmei, Z., Muhamad, M. M., & Mustakim, S. S. (2023). Exploring Spiritual Education in the Chinese Context: Concepts, Objectives and Methods. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 13(10), 784–797.