ISSN: 2222-6990
Open access
The objective of this study is to determine how lowering the voting age affects electoral outcomes, especially in countries that are still in transition to a mature democratic phase. Political maturity and knowledge can influence political participation and electoral outcomes. People with a better understanding of politics are more likely to recognise the importance of political participation. They understand that their actions can have a significant impact on society and are more likely to take an active role in shaping their communities and influencing government policy. However, whether young people are impacted by their parents' political decisions is debatable. The results of the 2022 Johor State General Election showed that Ikatan Demokratik Malaysia or MUDA, a youth-based party won only one out of the six parliamentary seats it contested while Barisan Nasional (BN) won a two-thirds majority. BN’s success in the 2022 Johor State General Election may be linked to a relationship between age and political party of choice.
Abdul Malik, M. (2022). PRN Johor: Pengundi muda teruja dapat peluang memilih. Retrieved March 12, 2022, from bhnews@bh.com.my.
Abramson, P. R., Aldrich, J. H., & Rohde, D. W. (1998). Change and Continuity in the 1996 -Elections. CQ Press.
Ansolabehere, S., & Konisky, D. M. (2006). The introduction of voter registration and its effect on turnout. Political Analysis: An Annual Publication of the Methodology Section of the American Political Science Association, 14(1), 83–100. https://doi.org/10.1093/pan/mpi034.
Ansolabehere, S., Hersh, E., & Shepsle, K. (2012). Movers. Stayers, and Registration: Why Age Is Correlated with Registration in the US. Quarterly Journal of Political Science, 7(4), 333–363.
Astro Awani. (2022, March 16). Are young voters under 30 relevant or key to winning at all? Retrieved January 10, 2022. https://www.astroawani.com/berita-malaysia/columnist-are-young-voters-under-30-really-relevant-or-key-winning-all-352034 (Tindak Malaysia via EMIR Research)
Berelson, B. R., Lazarsfeld, P. F., & McPhee, W. N. (1954) Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. (1954). Voting: A Study of Opinion Formation in a Presidential Campaign. [Review of the book American Political Science Review by Robert E. Lane]. Cambridge University Press, 49(2), 529-531, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/
Bhatti, Y., Hansen, K., & Wass, H. (2012). Voting for the very first time: The effect of past eligibility on turnout. APSA 2012 Annual Meeting Paper, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2105211
Bhatti, Y., & Kasper, M. (2012). Leaving the nest and the social act of voting - turnout among first-time voters. November 2012. Journal of Elections Public Opinion and Parties 22(4):380-406 DOI:10.1080/17457289.2012.721375
Dassonneville, R., Quintelier, E., Hooghe, M., and Claes, E. (2012) ‘The Relation between Civic Education and Political Attitudes and Behaviour: A Two-Year Panel Study among Belgian Late Adolescents’, Applied Developmental Science, 16, 140–111.
"Dashboard PRU 14". Pilihan Raya Umum Malaysia 14. Suruhanjaya Pilihan Raya Malaysia. Retrieved May 15, 2021, from http://pru14.spr.gov.my/home.
DOSM. (n.d.). Department of statistics Malaysia. Gov. My. Retrieved May 24, 2023, from https://dev.dosm.gov.my/portal-main/release-content/state-socioeconomic-report-2019.
Downs, A., 1957, An Economic Theory of Democracy, New York: Harper and Row.
Feddersen, T. J. (2004). Rational choice theory and the paradox of not voting. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 18(1), 99–112. https://doi.org/10.1257/089533004773563458.
Fieldhouse, E. & Cutts, D. (2012). The companion effect: household and local context and the turnout of young people. The Journal of Politics. 74(3), pp. 856-869.
Fieldhouse, E., Mark, & Russell, A. (2007). Something about young people or something about elections. Electoral participation of young people in Europe: Evidence from a multilevel analysis of the European Social Survey. European Journal of Political Research, 46(6), 797–822.
Gordon, H. R. (2008). Gendered Paths to Teenage Political Participation: Parental Power. Sage Publication.
Gramsci, A. (1971). Selections from the Prison Notebooks (Hoare Q and Smith GN, eds). London: Lawrence and Wishart.
Ghani, M. S. A. (2019, July 16). Banyak negara dah turunkan had umur mengundi. Sinar Harian. Retrieved June 16, 2021, from https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/38067/BERITA/Nasional/Banyak-negara-dah-turunkan-had-umur-mengundi
Highton, B. (2000). Residential mobility, community mobility, and electoral participation. Political Behavior, 22(2), 109–121.
Highton, B. & Raymond, E. W. (2001). The first seven years of the political life cycle. American Journal of Political Science, 45(1), 202-209.
Hill, M., & Hupe, P. (2014). Implementing Public Policy: An introduction to the study of operational governance. 3rd ed. London: Sage.
Konzelmann, L., Wagner, C., & Rattinger, H. (2012). Turnout in Germany in the course of time: Life cycle and cohort effects on electoral turnout from 1953 to 2049. Electoral Studies, 31(2), 250–261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2011.11.006.
Lee, C. (2020). The Lowered Voting Age in Malaysia: Who Will Benefit? ISEAS - Yusof Ishak Institute. Singapore. ISSN 2335-6677.
Mackie, G. (2010). Why It’s Rational to Vote. University of California, San Diego, unpublished manuscript.
McDonald, M. P. (2008). Portable voter registration. Political Behavior, 30(4), 491–501. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11109-008-9055-z
McDonald, M. P. (2009). Voter Preregistration Programs. Washington DC: Making Voting Work Project.
Muhamad, H. (2022). PRN Johor: 54.92 peratus keluar mengundi. Retrieved March 14, 2022, from https://www.astroawani.com/berita-politik/prn-johor-5492-peratus-keluar-mengundi-351485.
(N.d.-b). Gov. My. Retrieved May 24, 2023, from https://www.spr.gov.my/EC.
(N.d.). Gov. My. Retrieved May 24, 2023, from https://www.spr.gov.my/ms/semakan-daftar-pemilih-tambahan-bulan-disember-2021-dpt-bln122021.
Omondi, S. (2017). Legal voting age by country. Retrieved January 15, 2023, from https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/legal-voting-age-by-country.html.
Phelps, E. (2004). Young citizens and changing electoral turnout, 1964-2001. The Political Quarterly, 75(3), 238–248. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-923x.2004.00608.x
Raymond, E. W & & Steven J. R. (1980). Who Votes? New Haven: Yale University Press, 1980, pp. x, 158 [Review of the book Who Votes? By Gary Munro], Canadian Journal of Political Science/Revue Canadienne de science politique, Volume 14, Issue 3, September 1981, pp. 672 – 673, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S000842390004748X
Razak, M. (2019, July 16). Undi18: Belia dan politik. Retrieved March 10, 2022, from https://www.astroawani.com/berita-malaysia/undi18-belia-dan-politik-212814.
Sloam, J. (2007). Rebooting democracy: youth participation in politics in the UK. Parliamentary Affairs, 60(4), pp. 548-567.
Strangio, S. (2022, March 14). Malaysian youth vote in the spotlight as Johor State prepares for election. – The Diplomat. Retrieved January 25, 2023. https://thediplomat.com/2022/03/malaysian-youth-vote-in-the-spotlight-as-johor-state-prepares-for-election/.
Wass, H. (2007b). The effects of age, generation, and period on turnout in Finland 1975-2003. Electoral Studies, 26(3), pp. 648-659.
N/A
Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s)
Published by HRMARS (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode