Journal Screenshot

International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

Open Access Journal

ISSN: 2222-6990

The Impact Working Environment on Health Problem among E-Hailing Drivers in Johor Bahru, Malaysia from Ergonomic Perspective during Pandemic COVID-19

Rohaizahtulamni Radzlan, Muhammad Aqil Naim Othman, Irwan Syah Md Yusoff

http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v13-i18/19966

Open access

Driving an e-hailing is a high-risk occupation that may result in death from accidents. This paper aimed the working environment and health problem during pandemic COVID-19 among e-hailing drivers in Johor, Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted, and the sample size was 262 e-hailing drivers participate. Purposive sampling was used based on inclusive criteria, age more than 18 years old’s, registered with the Agensi Pengangkutan Awam Darat vehicle not modified and experience more than 1 years. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire and driving observation by video recording. The Chi-square method was utilized to analyse the data used SPSS software version 20.0. There is a significant relationship (p< 0.05) between variables; frequency carry passengers per-day, take rest a week, carry load passenger, COVID-19 phenomena choose to be e-hailing drivers, COVID-19 income effect, work late night during COVID-19, past 12 month and last 7 days experience back pain. Investigate and change immediately (48.5%) at action value score 7 from RULA assessment. Therefore, e-hailing drivers are encouraged to practice working tasks by ergonomic approach to perform the healthy work. Further research should involve all e-hailing from Malaysia's region to more understand safety a healthy working environment for better quality of life.

Al-Dubai, S. A. R., Qureshi, A. M., Ismail, N. H., & Rampal, K. G. (2012). Prevalence and determinants of low back pain among taxi drivers in Malaysia. A cross sectional study. Journal of Advanced Medical Research, 2 (4), 129-43.
Andreoni, G., Santambrogio, G. C., Rabuffetti, M., & Pedotti, A. (2002). Method for the analysis of posture and interface pressure of car drivers. Applied ergonomics, 33(6), 511-522.
Antara, P. M., Mohamad, A., Othman, K., Wahab, M. Z. H., Ibrahim, N. A., Musa, R., & Ningrum, N. K. (2022). Turning Crisis into Opportunity in the Gig Economy-Acceptance of e-Hailing Food Delivery Applications in Malaysia. e-Academia Journal, 11(2).
Burgel, B. J., Gillen, M., & White, M. C. (2012). Health and safety strategies of urban taxi drivers. Journal of Urban Health, 89 (4), 717-722.
Bovenzi, M., & Zadini, A. (1992). Self-reported low back symptoms in urban bus drivers exposed to whole-body vibration. Spine, 17 (9), 1048-1059.
Chen, J. C., Chang, W. R., Chang, W., & Christiani, D. (2005). Occupational factors associated with low back pain in urban taxi drivers. Occupational Medicine, 55 (7), 535-540.
Coenen, P., Kingma, I., Boot, C. R., Bongers, P. M., & van Dieen, J. H. (2014). Cumulative mechanical low-back load at work is a determinant of low-back pain. Occup Environ Med, 71(5), 332-337.
Davidson, A., Peters, J., & Brakewood, C. (2017). Interactive travel modes: Uber, transit, and mobility in New York City (No. 17-04032).
Deros, B. M., Hassan, N. H. H., Daruis, D. D. I., & Tamrin, S. B. M. (2015). Incorporating Malaysian's Population Anthropometry Data in the Design of an Ergonomic Driver's Seat. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195, 2753-2760.
Ebe, K., & Griffin, M. J. (2001). Factors affecting static seat cushion comfort. Ergonomics, 44 (10): 901-21.
Elshatarat, R. A., & Burgel, B. J. (2016). Cardiovascular risk factors of taxi drivers. Journal of Urban Health, 93(3), 589-606.
Facey, K., Boivin, A., Gracia, J., Hansen, H. P., Scalzo, A. L., Mossman, J., & Single, A. (2010). Patients' perspectives in health technology assessment: a route to robust evidence and fair deliberation. International journal of technology assessment in health care, 26(3), 334-340.
Funakoshi, M., Taoda, K., & Tsujimura, H. (2004). Measurement of whole-body vibration in taxi drivers. J Occup Health, 46 (2): 119-24.
Gyi, D. E., & Porter, J. M. (1998). Musculoskeletal problems and driving in police officers. Occupational Medicine, 48(3), 153-160.
Hirao, A., Kato, K., Kitazaki, S., & Yamazaki, N. (2007). Evaluations of physical fatigue during long-term driving with a new driving posture. Knee, 1, T10.
Ismail, A., Ganji, M., Hafezi, M. H., Shokri, F., & Rahmat, R. A. O. K., (2012). An analysis of travel time in multimodal public transport. Aust. J. Basic Appl. Sci, 6(12), 165-172.
Jamaluddin, N., Rahim, S. A. S. M., Roslan, A., Haron, N. Z., & Jamaluddin, A. (2021). Driver profile and travel distance among e-hailing drivers: An exploratory study. International journal of road safety, 2(1), 24-29.
Kroemer, K. H. (2017). Fitting the Human: Introduction to Ergonomics/Human Factors Engineering. CRC Press.
Lee, N. S. (1990). Review of selected literature related to seating discomfort.
Machin, M. A., & De Souza, J. M. (2004). Predicting health outcomes and safety behaviour in taxi drivers. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 7(4-5), 257-270.
Mahudin, N. D. M., & Sakiman, M. N. (2020). Overworked and unsafe: a comparison of driving behaviour and safety culture according to driver types and working hours. International journal of road safety, 1(2), 42-48.
Majid, A. Z. A., Yusoff, I. S. M., & Tamrin, S. B. M. (2018). Assessment On Sitting Posture Relation to Risk Factors By Using Chi-Square Test Among Elderly Taxi Drivers In Peninsular Malaysia. Planning Malaysia, 16(6).
Mirpuri, S., Gill, P., Ocampo, A., Roberts, N., Narang, B., Hwang, S. W., & Gany, F. (2018). Discrimination and health among taxi drivers in New York and Toronto. Journal of community health, 43(4), 667-672.
Morshed, S. A., Khan, S. S., Tanvir, R. B., & Nur, S. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on ride-hailing services based on large-scale Twitter data analysis. Journal of Urban Management, 10(2), 155-165.
Murray, A., Skene, K., & Haynes, K. (2017). The circular economy: an interdisciplinary exploration of the concept and application in a global context. Journal of business ethics, 140(3), 369-380.
Na, S., Lim, S., Choi, H. S., & Chung, M. K. (2005). Evaluation of driver's discomfort and postural change using dynamic body pressure distribution.International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 35(12), 1085-1096.
Pope, M. H., Magnusson, M., & Wilder, D. G. (1998). Low Back Pain and Whole Body Vibration. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research (1976-2007), 354, 241-248.
Raanaas, R. K., & Anderson, D. (2008). A questionnaire survey of Norwegian taxi drivers’ musculoskeletal health, and work-related risk factors. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 38(3), 280-290.
Razali, N. F., & Daniel, D. B. D. (2022). Kajian Tentang Impak Covid-19 Terhadap Perkhidmatan E-Hailing. Recent Trends in Civil Engineering and Built Environment, 3(1), 794-804.
Rozali, A., Rampal, K. G., Shamsul Bahri, M. T., Sherina, M. S., Azhar, S., Khairuddin, H., & Sulaiman, A. (2009). Low back pain and association with whole body vibration among military armoured vehicle drivers in Malaysia. Med J Malaysia, 64(3), 197-204.
Rufa’i, A. A., Sa’idu, I. I. A., Ahmad, R. I. Y., Elmi, O. S., Aliyu, S. U., Jajere, A. M., & Digil, A. A. (2015). Prevalence and risk factors for low back pain among professional drivers in Kano, Nigeria. Archives of environmental & occupational health, 70(5), 251-255.
Santos, D. O., & Xavier, E. C. (2015). Taxi and ride sharing: A dynamic dial-a-ride problem with money as an incentive. Expert Systems with Applications, 42(19), 6728-6737.
Schneider, L. W. (1989). Survey of driver seating discomfort and related factors.
Suruhajaya Pengangkutan Awam Darat-SPAD. (2016). Retrieved 13 November 2016 from Available from World Wide Web: http://www.spad.gov.my/ms/pengangkutan-awam-darat/teksi/statistik-utama.
Tamrin, S. B. M., Yokoyama, K., Jalaludin, J. (2007). The association between risk factors and low back pain among commercial vehicle drivers in peninsular Malaysia: a preliminary result. Ind Health, 45 (2): 268-78.
Tran, N. (2020). Future expansion of bTaskee Limited Company's on-demand household service in Malaysia.
Vandergrift, J. L., Gold, J. E., Hanlon, A., & Punnett, L. (2012). Physical and psychosocial ergonomic risk factors for low back pain in automobile manufacturing workers. Occup Environ Med, 69(1), 29-34.
Vink, P., & Hallbeck, S. (2012). Editorial: Comfort and discomfort studies demonstrate the need for a new model. Appl Ergon, 43 (2): 271-76.
Wang, M. (2007). Profiling retirees in the retirement transition and adjustment process: examining the longitudinal change patterns of retirees' psychological well-being. J Appl Psychol, 92 (2): 455.
Wang, M., Yu, J., Liu, N., Liu, Z., Wei, X., Yan, F., & Yu, S. (2017). Low back pain among taxi drivers: a cross-sectional study. Occupational Medicine, 67(4), 290-295.
Wang, P. C., & Delp, L. (2014). Health status, job stress and work-related injury among Los Angeles taxi drivers. Work, 49(4), 705-712.
Wanamo, M. E., Abaya, S. W., & Aschalew, A. B. (2017). Prevalence and risk factors for low back pain (LBP) among Taxi Drivers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A community based cross-sectional study. Ethiopian Journal of Health Development, 31(4), 244-250.
Wan, W. N. A. A. B., Mohamad, A. F. M. F., Shahib, N. S., Azmi, A., Kamal, S. B. M., & Abdullah, D. (2016). A framework of customer’s intention to use Uber service in tourism destination. International Academic Research Journal of Business and Technology, 2(2), 102-106.
Yamazaki, N. (1992). Analysis of sitting comfortability of driver's seat by contact shape. Ergonomics, 35(5-6), 677-692.
Yang, Y., Fan, X. S., Tian, C. H. (2014). Health status, intention to seek health examination, and participation in health education among taxi drivers in Jinan, china. Iran Red Crescent Med J, 16 (4): 1-6.
Yusoff, I. S. M., Ruhaizin, S., Ismail, M. H., & Zuhairi, A. M. (2020). Accessing driving posture among elderly taxi drivers in Malaysian using RULA and QEC approach. Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 20(Special1), 116-123.
Yusoff, I. S. M., Tamrin, S. B. M., & Majid, A. Z. A. (2021). Elderly Taxi Drivers: Evaluation of Driving Posture in Malaysia Using Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) Approach. In Convergence of Ergonomics and Design: Proceedings of ACED SEANES 2020 (pp. 308-316). Springer International Publishing.
Zhang, L., Helander, M. G., & Drury, C. G. (1996). Identifying factors of comfort and discomfort in sitting. Human factors, 38(3), 377-389.

N/A