ISSN: 2222-6990
Open access
The use of modern contraceptives is recommended by the Ministry of Health Malaysia (KKM) for the health of women, and it is mandatory by law. The use of these contraceptives has implications for the stability woman's menstrual cycle, which in turn affects matters such as taharah activities, religious practices, marital relations, and others. The methodology used in this study was qualitative research using case study design, specifically examining the forms of abnormal bleeding as a result of the use of modern contraceptives. Data for the study were obtained through a literature review, analyzing classical and contemporary fiqh documents as well as medical literature. The study found that the legal adaptation for women who undergo this contraceptive treatment and experience abnormal bleeding is to refer to the legal rulings of women with istih?dhah. The management of these women's religious practices can be handled correctly according to Islamic law, when the status of the blood can be identified as either menstrual blood or non-menstrual blood (istih?dhah blood).
Zaidan, A. L. (2012). Al-Jami’ fi al-fiqh al-Islami al-Mufassal fi a?kam al-Mar’ah wa al-Bait al-Muslim fi al-Shari’ah al-Islamiyyah, Jilid 1. Beirut: Mu’assasah al-Risalah N?shir?n.
Al-Bayjuri. (2007). Hashiyah al-Shaykh Ibr?him al-Bayj?ri, Jilid 1. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyyah.
Al-Nawawi. (n.d.). Al-Majm?’ Sharh Al-Muhadhab, Jilid 2. Dar al-Fikr.
Al-Shirbini. (1994). Mughni Al-Muhtaj il? Ma’rifat M’?ni Alf?z al-Minh?j. Beirut: Dar Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah.
Al-Shirbini. (n.d). Al-Iqn?’ fi Halli Alfaz Abi Shuj?’. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
Baqishayr, A. (1990). Qala’id al-Khara’id wa Fara’id al-Fawa’id. Beirut, Mu’asasah ‘Ulum al-Quran.
Huber-Krum, S., & Norris, A. H. (2020). Gender Differences in Perceived Benefits of and Barriers to Use of Modern Contraceptive Methods in Rural Malawi. International perspectives on sexual and reproductive health, 46, 135–146. https://doi.org/10.1363/46e9520
Jain, R., & Muralidhar, S. (2011). Contraceptive methods: needs, options and utilization. Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology of India, 61(6), 626–634. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13224-011-0107-7
JAKIM. (2015). Kompilasi Pandangan Hukum Muzakarah Jawatankuasa Fatwa Majlis Kebangsaan Hal Ehwal Ugama Islam Malaysia. Shah Alam – Selangor, Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia, Bahagian Pengurusan Fatwa.
Law, J., & Martin, E. (2020). Concise Medical Dictionary. Oxford University Press.
LPPKN, Lembaga Penduduk & Pembangunan Keluarga Negara. (2014). Laporan Penemuan Utama Kajian Penduduk dan Keluarga Malaysia Kelima (KPKM-5) 2014. LPPKN. Retrieved on 11 August 2021, http://familyrepository.lppkn.gov.my/id/eprint/560
Beksinska, M. (2020). Male and female condoms: Their key role in pregnancy and STI/HIV prevention. In elsevier (Vol. 66, pp. 55–67). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpobgy.
Monga, A., & Dobbs, S. (2011). Gynaecology by Ten Teachers, 19th Edition (19th ed.). CRC Press.
Musyafa’ah, N. L. (2014). Rekonstruksi Fiqh Pendarahan Pervaginam dengan Pendekatan Medis. ISLAMICA: Jurnal Studi Keislaman, 8(1), 168. https://doi.org/10.15642/islamica.2013.8.1.168-196
Hanapi, M. S., & Mokthar, W. K. A. W. (2016). Pengaplikasian Kaedah Hadith Al-Mawdu ‘iy Dalam Penyelidikan Berkaitan Islam. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 1(3), 132-142.
Khairuldin, W. M. K. F. W., Anas, W. N. I., Mohamad, M. Z., Embong, A. H., & Mokhtar, W. K. A. (2021). The Role of Prophet Muhammad saw in Educating Children and its Applications to Prevent Gadget Addiction among Children. International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education, 13(2).
Mokhtar, W. K. A. W., & Saibi, S. N. S. (2017). Necessity of Islamic Management in the Application of Disaster’s Administering: A Preliminary Overview. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 7(5), 391-399.
Hamid, N. C., & Mokhtar, W. K. A. W. (2019). The Comprehensive Aspect in Islam from Quran and Hadith Perspective. International Journal Of Academic Research In Business And Social Sciences, 9(11).
Muttaqin, K. (2019). Haid dalam Perspektif Islam dan Sains: Studi tentang Haid Tidak Teratur Pengguna Kontrasepsi. Islamuna: Jurnal Studi Islam, 6(2), 169. https://doi.org/10.19105/islamuna.v6i2.2415
Nations, U. (2023). World Family Planning 2022: Meeting the Changing Needs for Family Planning: Contraceptive Use by Age and Method.
Hazlina, N. H. (2015). Apa Yang Anda Perlu Ketahui Tentang Perancang Keluarga. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, Malaysia.
Organon Global Inc. (2021). Patient Information. Retrieved on August 11, 2021, https://www.organon.com/product/usa/pi_circulars/n/nuvaring/nuvaring_ppi.pdf
PHM, Public Health Malaysia, (2021). Perancang Keluarga; Mana Satu Penting untuk Anda? Retrieved on August 18, 2021,
https://www.facebook.com/1712327752390423/posts/2994769924146193/
PRPM, Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu. (t.t). Carian umum Kontraseptif. Retrieved on 31 July 2021, https://prpm.dbp.gov.my/cari1?keyword=kontraseptif
Hamadi & Chik. (2018). Pengurusan Istih?dhah menurut Fiqh Islam dan Perubatan. Asian People Journal (APJ), 1(1), 110-124.
Yaakob, S.F.. (2020). Kaedah Penentuan Haid dan Istih?dhah Menurut Perspektif Fiqh dan Sains Perubatan, Universiti Malaya.
Aly, S. A., Abdul Rahman, R., Sharip, S., Shah, S. A., Abdullah Mahdy, Z., & Kalok, A. (2021). Pregnancy and COVID-19 Pandemic Perception in Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(11), 5762. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115762
N/A
Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s)
Published by HRMARS (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode