ISSN: 2222-6990
Open access
This study aims to identify the relationship between the level of mental health and motivation among secondary students from a secondary school in Bandar Baru Bangi during offline learning after Movement Control Order (MCO) post Covid-19 pandemic. This study uses a quantitative case study approach with a descriptive survey method. A systematic random sampling method was used to obtain a sample of 175 secondary students for the study. Students’ mental health was measured using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and their motivation was assessed using the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). The data gathered was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) in a descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings of the study show that the students have low level of mental health and high level of motivation during offline learning after the Covid19 pandemic. The results of the study also indicated a significant and positive relationship between mental health and motivation. These findings may contribute to students’, teachers’ and the stake holders in the understanding of the importance of maintaining good mental health after MCO and post pandemic. The findings have implications on the need for broader and effective communication to keep and sustain healthy students’ mental health and motivation.
Abidin, P. S. M. Z. (2021). The Use Of Google Meet In The Teaching Process And Learning At Polytechnic Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin. International Journal Of Modern Education, 3(8), 104-113.
Abou El-Seoud, M. S., Taj-Eddin, I. A., Seddiek, N., El-Khouly, M. M., & Nosseir, A. (2014). E-learning and students' motivation: A research study on the effect of e-learning on higher education. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (Online), 9(4), 20.
Aguilera-Hermida, A., P. (2020). College Students' Use And Acceptance Of Emergency Online Learning Due To Covid-19. International Journal Of Educational Research Open, 1-8.
Aziz, A. R. A., Sukor, N. M., & Ab Razak, N. H. (2020). The Covid-19 Outbreak: Management Of Mental Health Aspects During The New Norm. International Journal Of Social Science Research, 2(4), 156-174.
Azman, N., & Abdullah, D. (2021). A Critical Analysis Of Malaysian Higher Education Institutions' Response Towards Covid-19: Sustaining Academic Program Delivery. Journal Of Sustainability Science And Management, 16(1), 70-96.
Bandura, A. (1971). Social Learning Theory. New York: General Learning Press.
Cohen, L., & Holliday, M. (1982). Statistics For Social Sciences. Harper & Row: London.
Corey, G. (2020), Theory And Practice Of Counseling And Psychotherapy (10th.Ed.), Brooks / Cole Publishing Company, California.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications.
Day, M. C., Kelley, H. M., Browne, B. L., & Kohn, S. J. (2020). Assessing Motivation And Learning Strategy Usage By Dually Enrolled Students. Smart Learning Environments, 7(1), 1-19.
Dhawan, S. (2020). Online Learning: A Panacea In The Time Of Covid-19 Crisis. Journal Of Educational Technology Systems, 49(1), 5-22.
Driscoll, M. (2002). Blended Learning: Let’s Get Beyond The Hype. E-Learning, 1(4), 1-4.
Duncan, K., Kenworthy, A., & Mcnamara, R. (2016). The Effect Of Synchronous And Asynchronous Participation On Students' Performance In Online Accounting Courses. In Researching Accounting Education (Pp. 111-129). Routledge.
Ellis, A. (2019). Anger: How to live with and without it. Hachette UK.
Fitriyani, Y., Fauzi, I., & Sari, M. Z. (2020). Student Learning Motivation On Online Learning During The Covid-19 Pandemic. Education Journal: Journal Of Research Results And Literature Review In The Field Of Education, Teaching And Learning, 6(2), 165-175.
Fraenkel, J. R., & Wallen, N. E. (1993). How To Design And Evaluate Research In Education (2nd Ed.). Boston, Ma: Mcgraw Hill.
Galderisi, S., Heinz, A., Kastrup, M., Beezhold, J., & Sartorius, N. (2015). Toward a New Definition Of Mental Health. World Psychiatry, 14(2), 231.
Ganasan, H. M., & Azman, N. (2021). Mental Health And Student Motivation During Online Learning During The Covid-19 Pandemic. Malaysian Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanities (Mjssh), 6(10), 25-40.
Gao, J., Zheng, P., Jia, Y., Chen, H., Mao, Y., Chen, S., & Dai, J. (2020). Mental Health Problems And Social Media Exposure During The Covid-19 Outbreak. Plos One, 215, e0231924.
Giesbers, B., Rienties, B., Tempelaar, D., & Gijselaers, W. (2014). A dynamic analysis of the interplay between asynchronous and synchronous communication in online learning: The impact of motivation. Journal of computer assisted learning, 30(1), 30-50.
Goldberg, D. P. (1972). The Detection Of Psychiatric Illness By Questionnaire. New York: Oxford Univ Press
Goldberg, D., & Williams, P. (1988). A User's Guide To The General Health Questionnaire. Windsor,Uk: Nfer-Nelson.
Gredler, M. E., Broussard, S. C., & Garrison, M. E. B. (2004). The Relationship Between Classrooms Motivation And Academic Achievement In Elementary School Aged Children. Family And Consumer Sciences Research Journal, 33, 106-120.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis. Seventh Edition. New York: Pearson.
Hairia’An, N. H., & Dzainudin, M. (2020). Online Teaching And Facilitation During The Period Of Movement Control Order: Online Teaching And Learning For The Period Of Movement Control Order. National Journal Of Early Childhood Education, 9, 18-28.
Hamzah, R., Salehan, H., Muhaimin, A., Jusoh, M. S. M., & Latada, F. (2021). Mental Health And Spiritual Intelligence Of University Students; A Comparison Between Years Of Study And Religion: Mental Health And Spiritual Fitness Among University Students: A Comparison Between Years Of Study And Religion. International Journal Of Humanities Technology And Civilization, 11-21.
Holmes, E. A., O'Connor, R. C., Perry, V. H., Tracey, I., Wessely, S., Arseneault, L., ... & Bullmore, E. (2020). Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic: a call for action for mental health science. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(6), 547-560.
Irawan, A. W., Dwisona, D., & Lestari, M. (2020). Psychological Impacts Of Students On Online Learning During The Covid-19 Pandemic. Journal Of Guidance And Counseling, 7(1), 53-60.
Ishak, A. A., & Talaat, A. Z. M. A. (2020). Online Learning: An Overview On The Readines And Motivation Among Logistics And Management Diploma Students Supply Chain, Seberang Perai Polytechnic, Penang. World Journal Of Education, 2(4), 68-82.
Kamsani, I. I., & Mahat, A. (2021). Covid 19: The Impact Of e-Learning On The Health Of University Students. World Journal Of Education, 3(3), 53-60.
Khosim, F., & Awang, M. I. (2020). Validity And Reliability Of The Mslq Malay Version In Measuring The Level Of Motivation And Self-Regulated Learning. International Journal Of Scientific & Technology Research, 9(02), 903-905.
Kimble, G. A. (1984). Psychology's Two Cultures. American Psychologist, 39(8), 833.
Kotera, Y., & Ting, S. H. (2021). Positive Psychology Of Malaysian University Students: Impacts Of Engagement, Motivation, Self-Compassion, And Well-Being On Mental Health. International Journal Of Mental Health And Addiction, 19, 227-239.
Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining Sample Size For Research Activities. Educational And Psychological Measurement, 30, 607-610.
Mahdavi, P., Valibeygi, A., Moradi, M., & Sadeghi, S. (2023). Relationship Between Achievement Motivation, Mental Health And Academic Success In University Students. Community Health Equity Research & Policy, 43(3), 311-317.
Manwell, L. A., Barbic, S. P., Roberts, K., Durisko, Z., Lee, C., Ware, E., & Mckenzie, K. (2015).What Mental Health? Evidence Towards a New Definition From a Mixed Methods Multidisciplinary International Survey. Bmj Open, 5, 1-11.
Mat, N., Idris, N., Abdullah, N. A., Yazid, Z., & Alias, J. (2018). The Relationship Between Workload, Personal Factors, And e-Learning On The Level Of Stress Among Gen-Y. Journal Of Student Personality, 21(2).
Mokhtar, Z. A., & Lakman, N. A. (2021). Peralihan dari pembelajaran bersemuka ke pembelajaran secara atas talian untuk subjek Mechanics of Civil Engineering Structures semasa pandemik COVID-19. ANP Journal of Social Science and Humanities, 2(2), 11-18.
Mustaffa, N. B. (2020). Overcoming Anxiety During The Covid-19 Pandemic With a Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (Rebt) Theory Approach. Malaysian Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanities (Mjssh), 5(11), 10-16.
Nasir, Z. M., & Hamzah, Z. A. Z. (2014). Student's Attitude And Motivation Towards Learning Malay. Procedia-Social And Behavioral Sciences, 134, 408-415.
Pallant, J. (2020). Spss Survival Manual: A Step By Step Guide To Data Analysis Using Ibm Spss. Mcgraw-Hill Education (Uk).
Pintrich, P. R. (1991). A Manual For The Use Of The Motivated Strategies For Learning Questionnaire (Mslq).
Rahim, A. F. A., Yaacob, M. J., & Yusoff, M. S. B. (2010). The Sensitivity, Specificity And Reliability Of The Malay Version 12-Items General Health Questionnaire (Ghq-12) In Detecting Distressed Medical Students. Asean Journal Of Psychiatry, 11(1).
Reeve, J., & Deci, E. L. (1996). Elements Of The Competitive Situation That Affect Intrinsic Motivation. Personality And Social Psychology Bulletin, 22(1), 24–33.
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Intrinsic And Extrinsic Motivations: Classic Definitions And New Directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25(1), 54–67.
Sahu, P. (2020). Closure Of Universities Due To Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19): Impact On Education And Mental Health Of Students And Academic Staff. Cureus, 12(4), e7541.
Salleh, M., Jamaludin, M. F., Safie, N. S. M., & Yusof, J. M. (2021). A Survey Of The Effectiveness Of Online Learning During The Covid-19 Pandemic: The Perspective Of Ibrahim Sultan Polytechnic Engineering Science Students. World Journal Of Education, 3(1), 374-384.
Samsudin, S., & Hong, K. T. C. (2016). The Relationship Between The Level Of Mental Health And The Performance Of Undergraduate Students: A Study At Universiti Utara Malaysia. Malaysian Journal Of Health Sciences, 14(1), 11-16.
Sekaran, U. & Bougie, R. (2013). Research Methods For Business. (6th Ed.). West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons.
Shanmugam, L., Yassin, S. F., & Khalid, F. (2019). Enhancing Students’ Motivation To Learn Computational Thinking Through Mobile Application Development Module (M-Ct). International Journal Of Engineering And Advanced Technology, 8(5), 1293-1303.
Shroff, R. H., & Vogel, D. R. (2009). Assessing The Factors Deemed To Support Individual Student Intrinsic Motivation In Technology Supported Online And Face-To-Face Discussions. Journal Of Information Technology Education: Research, 8(1), 59-85.
Splan, R. K., Porr, C. S., & Broyles, T. W. (2011). Undergraduate research in agriculture: Constructivism and the scholarship of discovery. Journal of Agricultural Education, 52(4), 56-54.
Sundarasen, S., Chinna, K., Kamaludin, K., Nurunnabi, M., Baloch, G. M., Khoshaim, H. B., ... & Sukayt, A. (2020). Psychological Impact Of Covid-19 And Lockdown Among University Students In Malaysia: Implications And Policy Recommendations. International Journal Of Environmental Research And Public Health, 17(17), 6206.
Turner, M. J., Miller, A., Youngs, H., Barber, N., Brick, N. E., Chadha, N. J., ... & Rossato, C. J. L. (2022). “I Must Do This!”: A Latent Profile Analysis Approach To Understanding The Role Of Irrational Beliefs And Motivation Regulation In Mental And Physical Health. Journal Of Sports Sciences, 40(8), 934-949.
Vahedian-Azimi, A., Moayed, M. S., Rahimibashar, F., Shojaei, S., Ashtari, S., & Pourhoseingholi, M. A. (2020). Comparison of the severity of psychological distress among four groups of an Iranian population regarding COVID-19 pandemic. BMC psychiatry, 20(1), 1-7.
Wajar, M. S. A. B. M., & Hamzah, R. (2020). University Student Life Happiness Model Based on Mental Health, Spiritual Intelligence and Demographic Factors. Malaysian Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanities (Mjssh), 5(11), 17-32.
World Health Organization. (2004). Promoting Mental Health: Concepts, Emerging Evidence, Practice: Summary Report. World Health Organization.
World Health Organization. (2004). Prevention Of Mental Disorders: Effective Interventions And Policy Options: Summary Report.
Yahaya, A., Bachok, N. S. E., Yahaya, N., Boon, Y., Hashim, S., & Goh, M. L. (2012). The Impact Of Emotional Intelligence Element On Academic Achievement. Archives Des Sciences, 65(4), 2-17.
Yusof, M. (2021). Exploring Mental And Emotional Wellbeing Among Secondary Students During The Pandemic Covid-19 Through Psychoeducation Group Counselling, 126-144.
Yusoff, N. M. R. N. (2004). Arabic Listening Skills: A Study In a State Government Secondary School. Unpublished Ph. D, National University Of Malaysia, Bangi.
(Yusof & Johari, 2023)
Yusof, M. M., & Johari, K. S. K. (2023). The Relationship of Mental Health and Motivation among Secondary School Students Pasca Covid-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 13(12), 4337–4353.
Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s)
Published by HRMARS (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode