Measurement Model of Spiritual Leadership Competencies for Educational Middle Leaders in Malaysia

Sukor Beram; Norzalina Noor; Kumaran Gengatharan; Fanny Kho Chee Yuet; Marziah Dahari; Nik Jazwiri Johannis

In an effort to provide the best supportive leadership group for educational institutions in Malaysia, middle leaders need to be empowered with various knowledge and skills. Middle leaders are the link between top management and a group of educators and also the support staff. Therefore, middle leaders need to have various competencies to balance their functions as leaders and followers at the same time. However, this middle leader's position is like a sandwich, causing them to be stuck meeting the needs of the top leaders and the group they lead. This study aims to test the validity of the measurement model for the construct of spiritual competencies among mid-matriculation college leaders. A questionnaire instrument containing constructs and nine items of spiritual competencies was presented to a total of 162 middle leaders. The findings of this study show that the measurement model tested is fit with the data in the field. The RMSEA = 0.07, CFI = 0.988, TLI = 0.983, and ChiSq/df = 1.896. In addition, the values of convergent validity (AVE = 0.743) and composite reliability (CR = 0.953) also exceeded the minimum value required in structural equation modeling (SEM). This study also presents a new construct by taking important items in the context of competencies involving middle leaders that are appropriate to the context of educational leadership in Malaysia as an expansion to the existing competencies model.

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Beram, S., Noor, N., Gengatharan, K., Yuet, F. K. C., Dahari, M., & Johannis, N. J. (2024). Measurement Model of Spiritual Leadership Competencies for Educational Middle Leaders in Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 13(12), 2051–2063.

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Measurement Model of Spiritual Leadership Competencies for Educational Middle Leaders in Malaysia

Sukor Beram, Norzalina Noor, Kumaran Gengatharan, Fanny Kho Chee Yuet, Marziah Dahari, Nik Jazwiri Johannis

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