ISSN: 2222-6990
Open access
Yunnan, the province with the largest number of traditional villages in China, is currently facing multiple challenges brought about by globalization and rapid urbanization. These challenges include destructive construction in the process of cultural development and the degradation of regional culture. However, research on the factors influencing the sustainable development of traditional villages is still insufficient. To effectively mitigate this challenge, an in-depth understanding of the influencing factors is crucial. Shaxi Town, with its complex environmental, cultural and socio-economic context, is a unique and critical case for studying cultural tourism and heritage conservation management. This study introduces the Integrated Rural Tourism (IRT) model to analyze the multidimensional factors affecting the sustainable development of traditional village cultural landscapes. The researchers conducted in-depth interviews with 48 respondents from six tourist-oriented traditional villages in Shaxi Town. The findings include factors in four dimensions and seven themes: social, economic, cultural and environmental. This study deepens our understanding of the prerequisites for developing cultural landscapes in traditional villages. It provides valuable guidance to governments and cultural protectors in promoting the sustainable development of these landscapes.
Bao, J. G. & Yang, B. (2022). Institutional Path and Practical Effects of Attracting Property Rights in Tourism Development: Taking the "Azeko Plan" Poverty Alleviation Experiment as an Example. Journal of Tourism (01), 18-31. doi: 10.19765/j.cnki.1002-5006.2022.01.008
Barcus, H. (2013). Sustainable development or integrated rural tourism? Considering the overlap in rural development strategies. Journal of Rural and Community Development, 8(3).
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101.
Bryman, A. (2016). Social Research Methods. Oxford University Press.
Buchbinder, E. (2011). Beyond checking: Experiences of the validation interview. Qualitative Social Work, 10(1), 106-122.
Butler, R. W. (1999). Sustainable tourism: A state?of?the?art review. Tourism Geographies, 1(1), 7–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616689908721291
Cawley, M. (2009). Adding value locally through integrated rural tourism: lessons from Ireland. In The next rural economies: constructing rural place in global economies (pp. 89-101). Wallingford UK: CABI.
Central Government of the People's Republic of China (2023). 8,155 traditional villages have been included in the national protection list?Retrieved July 25, 2024, from https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2023-03/21/content_5747704.htm
Che, Z. Y., Li, X. R., & Sun, Z. Y. (2019). Social Space Evolution in the Process of Tourism Urbanization: Taking Shaxi Ancient Town in Dali, Yunnan as an Example. Chinese Famous Cities (09), 67-71. doi: 10.19924/j.cnki.1674-4144.2019.09.010
Christian, R. & Dong, Y. P. (2016). Reflections of Swiss architectural heritage conservation workers on traditional Chinese villages - Starting from the Shaxi Revival Project. Architectural Heritage (02), 108-119. doi: 10.19673/j.cnki. ha.2016.02-010
Clark, G., & Chabrel, M. (2007). Measuring integrated rural tourism. Tourism geographies, 9(4), 371-386.
Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (Eds.). (2011). The Sage handbook of qualitative research. sage.
DiCicco-Bloom, B., & Crabtree, B. F. (2006). The qualitative research interview. Medical Education, 40(4), 314–321. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2929.2006.02418.x
Fang, Q. N. & Song, S. Q. (2020?. Current Situation and Countermeasures of Tourism Development in Traditional Villages along the Xiaohe Ancient Road in Guangxi. Journal of Nanning Normal University (Natural Science Edition) (01), 112-117. doi: 10.16601/j.cnki.issn2096-7330.2020.01.018.
Feng, J. (2023). First Visit to Shaxi: Intelligence and Emotions of Local Construction. Journal of Architecture (08), 17-22. doi: 10.19819/j.cnki ISSN0529-1399.202308003
Gao, J., & Wu, B. (2017). Revitalizing traditional villages through rural tourism: A case study of Yuanjia Village, Shaanxi Province, China. Tourism Management, 63, 223–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2017.04.003
Garrod, B., Wornell, R., & Youell, R. (2006). Re-conceptualising rural resources as countryside capital: The case of rural tourism. Journal of rural studies, 22(1), 117-128.
Google Maps. (2024). Map of Yunnan Province, China. Retrieved July 30, 2024, from https://www.google.com/maps/place/Shaxizhen,+Jianchuan+County,+Dali,+Yunnan,+China,+671302/@25.3083105,102.2160549,7z/data=!4m6!3m5!1s0x3726e306de8ee84d:0x643c7cec68754521!8m2!3d26.31382!4d99.84643!16s%2Fm%2F05f4stl?hl=en&entry=ttu
Guo, H. Y. & Feng, L. (2023). Adult education helps protect traditional villages and promote sustainable development Adult Education in China (23), 75-80
Hammer, D., & Wildavsky, A. (2018). The open-ended, semistructured interview: An (almost) operational guide. In Craftways (pp. 57-101). Routledge.
Hu, B. B., Liu, X., & Wu, X. (2017). Blue Book of Traditional Chinese Villages: Investigation report on the protection of Chinese traditional villages. Social Sciences Academic Press.
Hu, Y., Chen, S., Cao, W., & Cao, C. (2014). The Concept and Cultural Connotation of Traditional Villages. Urban Development Studies, 21(1), 10–13. https://doi.org/CNKI:SUN:CSFY.0.2014-01-004.
Huang, L., & Wang, X. F. (2016). Multidimensional Symbiosis: Space, Belief, and Practice of the Shaxi Bai Ethnic Group on the Yanma Ancient Road. Journal of Baise University (01), 25-31. doi: 10.16726/j.cnki. bsxb. 2016-01.004
Huang, Y. W. (2012). Shape and God of cultural Heritage protection. Journal of Architecture, 6, 50–57. https://doi.org/CNKI:SUN:JZXB.0.2012-06-012.
Hyunjin, C. (2020). Qualitative Research Method for Cultural Landscape Analysis. Southeast University Press.
Jin, H. N. & Che, Z. Y. (2015). Comparative study on spatial changes in tourism villages and towns in Dali - Taking Shaxi Town and Xinhua Village in Dali as examples. Huazhong Architecture (07), 83-87. doi: 10.13942/j.cnki.hzjz.2015.07.021
Lee, J., & Black, R. (2020). Innovative strategies for sustainable rural tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 28(7), 945-961.
Lenaoa, M., & Saarinen, J. (2015). Integrated rural tourism as a tool for community tourism development: exploring culture and heritage projects in the North-East District of Botswana. South African Geographical Journal= Suid-Afrikaanse Geografiese Tydskrif, 97(2), 203-216.
Li, B. H., Li, X., Wang, S. & Dou, Y. D. (2022). Research on the Transformation and Development of Traditional Village Living Environment from the Perspective of Rural Revitalization. Journal of Natural Sciences of Hunan Normal University (01), 1-10
Li, X. Y. & Zhao, J. (2023). Research on Development Strategies of Traditional Villages in Southern Jiangsu from the Perspective of Regional Cultural Landscape. Landscape Architecture (09), 66-73
Li, Y., Gan, Z., & Ouyang, W. (2019). Strategy on Organic Renewal of Public Spaces in Liugou Village, Yanqing District , Beijing. Study on Natural and Cultural Heritage, 32–36.
Liu, C. L., Xu, M., Liu, P. L. & Zeng, F. C. (2020). Traditional Village Cultural Landscape Protection Compensation Model and Xiangxi Empirical Study. Journal of Geography (02), 382-397
Liu, C. & Xu, M. (2021). Characteristics and Influencing Factors on the Hollowing of Traditional Villages—Taking 2645 Villages from the Chinese Traditional Village Catalogue (Batch 5) as an Example. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 18, 12759. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312759
Marzo-Navarro, M., Pedraja-Iglesias, M., & Vinzón, L. (2017). Key variables for developing integrated rural tourism. Tourism Geographies, 19(4), 575-594.
Meuser, M., & Nagel, U. (2009). Das Experteninterview—Konzeptionelle Grundlagen und methodische Anlage. In Methoden der vergleichenden Politik- und Sozialwissenschaft: Neue Entwicklungen und Anwendungen (465-479).
Mitchell, R. E., & Eagles, P. F. J. (2001). An integrative approach to tourism: Lessons from the Andes of Peru. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 9(1), 4–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669580108667386
Mitchell, R. E., & Eagles, P. F. J. (2001). An integrative approach to tourism: Lessons from the Andes of Peru. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 9(1), 4–28.
Pan, L., & Li, W. (2017). Analysis on the Protection and Development of Chinese Traditional Village Culture: An Empirical Study Based on Fieldwork in Eight Provinces and One District. Decoration (11), 14-19. doi: 10.16272/j.cnki.cn11-1392/j.2017.11.006
Pin, Y. (2019). Shaxi - Tea Horse Ancient Road Market. Architecture (13), 50-51
Qin, F., Chen, Y. H. & Li, L. P. (2023). Adaptive Governance Strategies for Traditional Villages in the Context of Rural Revitalization - Taking the Traditional Village of Jingmai Mountain in Pu'er as an Example. Research on Urban Development (04), 105-113
Qiu, Z. Z., Hu, X. J., Qian, H., Liao, K. F., Huang, X. B., Liu, Y. & Wei, B. J. (2023). The spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and influencing factors of traditional villages in Fujian Province. Economic Geography (06), 211-219 Doi: 10.15957/j.cnki. jjdl2023.06.022
Ratnasari, D., Sidiq, F., & Saputra, J. (2023). Local Wisdom, Environmental Management and Sustainable Traditions in Naga Village, Tasikmalaya Regency. International Journal of Ethno-Sciences and Education Research, 3(4), 116-120.
Ren, Y., & Xie, X. (2024). Holistic protection and innovative development of historical culture based on value chain logic. Administrative Management Reform, 2024(02), 16-26. https://doi.org/10.14150/j.cnki.1674-7453.2024.02.003
Saarinen, J. (2006). Traditions of sustainability in tourism studies. Annals of tourism research, 33(4), 1121-1140.
Sharpley, R. (2000). Tourism and sustainable development: Exploring the theoretical divide. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 8(1), 1–19.
Statistical Yearbook for Cities and Towns 2022. (2023, Autumn 13). Retrieved July 25, 2024, from https://www.mohurd.gov.cn/gongkai/fdzdgknr/sjfb/tjxx/jstjnj/index.html
Teddlie, C., & Tashakkori, A. (2009). Foundations of mixed methods research: Integrating quantitative and qualitative approaches in the social and behavioral sciences. Sage.
Wang, J. P. (2021). Research on Key Issues of Continuity Protection of Traditional Villages in Zhengzhou City. Cooperative Economy and Technology (20), 8-11 Doi: 10.13665/j.cnki.hzjjykj.2021.20.002
Wang, Z. Y. & Zhang, Y. (2023). Research on the Inheritance and Application of Li Traditional Culture in the Design of Intangible Cultural Heritage Characteristic Commercial Spaces from the Perspective of Cultural Identity. Jushe (28), 114-117
Weaver, D. B. (2005). Comprehensive and minimalist dimensions of ecotourism. Annals of tourism research, 32(2), 439-455.
Wu, S., & Xu, J. (2024). The impact of clan diversity on the provision of rural public goods in the context of rural revitalization. Journal of Chongqing University of Education, (04), 27-35.
Xiang, H. Y., He, F., Zhou, G. H. & Zou, M. X. (2023). Evaluation and Empirical Study on Sustainable Livelihoods of Farmers in Traditional Village Tourism Sites - Taking Four Typical Traditional Villages in Chenzhou City, Hunan Province as Examples Progress in Geographic Science (05), 884-897 [60]
Xiao, Y. Z. & Fan, Z. Y. (2022). Research on the protection and inheritance of town and village style from the actor's perspective network - taking Kanayama Town, Yamagata Prefecture, Japan as an example. Central China Architecture (03), 121-126.doi:10.13942/ j. cnki.hzjz.2022.03.030.
Yang, L. G., Hu, J. & Peng, Z. M. (2021). The Inheritance Mechanism of Traditional Village Cultural Landscape Genes - Taking Huangdu Village as an Example. Journal of Hengyang Normal University (06), 1-7 Doi: 10.13914/j.cnki.cn43-1453/z.2021.06.002
Yi, Y., Li, B. H., Li, P. P., Zou, L. & Dou, Y. D. (2024). Research on the Impact of Cultural Adaptation of Residents in Traditional Village Heritage Sites on Heritage Identification: Taking Dejian Village in Jishou City as an Example. Journal of Guizhou Normal University (Natural Science Edition) (02), 29-38+52 Doi: 10.16614/j.gznuj.zrb2024.004
Yin, R. K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods. Sage Publications.
Zhai, H., Li, Y., Yang, H., & Liu, X. (2020). An Analysis of Local Landscape Value and Overall Protection Strategy of Cultural Tourism-type Characteristic Town. China Ancient City, 85–92.
Zhang, P. S., & Chen, Y. H. (2023). Review and Summary of the World Heritage Application for the Cultural Landscape of Pu'er Jingmai Mountain Ancient Tea Forest. Research on Natural and Cultural Heritage (05), 59-69. Doi: 10.19490/j.cnki.issn2096-698X.2023.05.059-069
Zhang, S. N. & Yang, Z. X. (2012). Shaxi Town, Jianchuan, Yunnan. Cultural Relics (09), 90-97. doi: 10.13619/j.cnki.cn11-1532/k.2012.09.008
Zhou, H. (2020). Study on the Development of Protective Tourism in Kenggen Traditional Village, Yunhe County. Northwest Normal University.
YiRan, Y., MayLing, S., Ibrahim, R., & Ariffin, N. F. B. M. (2024). Exploring the Influencing Factors on the Sustainable Development of the Cultural Landscape of Tourist-Type Traditional Villages in Shaxi Town, Yunnan. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 14(9), 2126–2141.
Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s)
Published by HRMARS (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode