Sociodemographic Variations in Organic Food Consumption and Food Choice Motives among Malaysian Adults: A Study between Organic and Non-Organic Food Consumers

Ahmad, S. N. B., & Juhdi, N. (2010). Organic Food: A Study on Demographic Characteristics and Factors Influencing Purchase Intentions among Consumers in Klang Valley, Malaysia. International Journal of Business and Management, 5(2), 14.
Ali, A., & Rahut, D. B. (2019). Healthy Foods as Proxy for Functional Foods: Consumers’ Awareness, Perception, and Demand for Natural Functional Foods in Pakistan. International Journal of Food Science, 2019, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6390650
Asraf Mohd-Any, A., Shahnaz Mahdzan, N., & Siang Cher, C. (2014). Food choice motives of different ethnics and the foodies segment in Kuala Lumpur. British Food Journal, 116(12), 1879–1896. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-07-2013-0170
Ayyub, S., Wang, X., Asif, M., & Ayyub, R. (2018). Antecedents of Trust in Organic Foods: The Mediating Role of Food Related Personality Traits. Sustainability, 10(10), 3597. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10103597
Aziz, M. F. B. A., Mispan, M. S. B., & Doni, F. (2020). Organic Food Policy and Regulation in Malaysia: Development and Challenges. In B. C. Goh & R. Price (Eds.), Regulatory Issues in Organic Food Safety in the Asia Pacific (pp. 151–170). Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3580-2_10
Badsar, M. (2011). Factors Influencing Sustainability of Information and Communication Technology Telecentre Projects in Rural Peninsular Malaysia. Universiti Putra Malaysia.
Bank Negara, Malaysia. (2018). Are Malaysian Workers Paid Fairly?: An Assessment of Productivity and Equity. https://www.bnm.gov.my/documents/20124/791626/cp01_001_box.pdf
Botinggo, B., Awang Lukman, K., Saupin, S., Fong Tyng, C., & Jeffree, M. S. (2021). Organophosphate Exposure, Associated Risk Factors and Exposure Risk Assessment Among Vegetable Farmers in Sabah, Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 21(2), 457–465. https://doi.org/10.37268/mjphm/vol.21/no.2/art.1202
Burt, K. G., Fera, J., & Lewin-Zwerdling, A. (2021). Differences in US Adults’ Value of and Preferences for Sustainable Food by Race/ethnicity, Income, and Education. Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition, 16(3), 321–335. https://doi.org/10.1080/19320248.2020.1823927
Chang, H., Zhang, L., & Lee, J.-S. (2019). Not all organic food is created equal: the role of product type, perceived authenticity, and construal level. Journal of Marketing Communications, 25(8), 820–842. https://doi.org/10.1080/13527266.2018.1468350
Chen, J., Lobo, A., & Rajendran, N. (2014). Drivers of organic food purchase intentions in mainland China - evaluating potential customers’ attitudes, demographics and segmentation: Drivers of organic food purchase in China. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 38(4), 346–356. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12095
Chiu, Y.-H., Williams, P. L., Gillman, M. W., Gaskins, A. J., Mínguez-Alarcón, L., Souter, I., Toth, T. L., Ford, J. B., Hauser, R., Chavarro, J. E., & for the EARTH Study Team. (2018). Association Between Pesticide Residue Intake from Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables and Pregnancy Outcomes Among Women Undergoing Infertility Treatment With Assisted Reproductive Technology. JAMA Internal Medicine, 178(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.5038
Chuan, C. S., Kai, S. B., & Wan, C. L. (2014). Organic Food: A New Perception Among Chinese Youths in Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research, 6(6), 8.
Department of Agriculture. (2022). List of Names of Entrepreneurs Who Have Obtained myOrganic Certificate. Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industries, Malaysia. http://www.doa.gov.my/index.php/pages/view/377
Dimitri, C., & Dettmann, R. L. (2012). Organic food consumers: what do we really know about them? British Food Journal, 114(8), 1157–1183. https://doi.org/10.1108/00070701211252101
García-González, Á., Achón, M., Carretero Krug, A., Varela-Moreiras, G., & Alonso-Aperte, E. (2020). Food Sustainability Knowledge and Attitudes in the Spanish Adult Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients, 12(10), 3154. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12103154
Gundala, R. R., & Singh, A. (2021). What motivates consumers to buy organic foods? Results of an empirical study in the United States. PLOS ONE, 16(9), e0257288. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257288
Handranata, Y. W., Murbarani, K., & Dewi. (2019). Factors that Influence Actual Buying Behavior of Organic Food Products in Indonesia. International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 9(1), 1931–1938. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.A1070.109119
Hasanov, J., & Khalid, H. (2015). The Impact of Website Quality on Online Purchase Intention of Organic Food in Malaysia: A WebQual Model Approach. Procedia Computer Science, 72, 382–389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.153
Hwang, J. (2016). Organic food as self-presentation: The role of psychological motivation in older consumers’ purchase intention of organic food. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 28, 281–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2015.01.007
Irianto, H. (2015). Consumers’ Attitude and Intention towards Organic Food Purchase: An Extension of Theory of Planned Behavior in Gender Perspective. 4(1), 17–31.
Jaafar, N. A. A., Sulaiman, N., Redzwan, M., & Badari, S. A. Z. (2020). A Systematic Review of 10 Years of Empirical Studies on Organic Food Consumption among Malaysian Consumers. Malaysian Journal of Consumer and Family Economics, 25(S1), 24.
Janssen, M. (2018). Determinants of organic food purchases: Evidence from household panel data. Food Quality and Preference, 68, 19–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodqual.2018.02.002
Jiang, S., & Quave, C. L. (2013). A comparison of traditional food and health strategies among Taiwanese and Chinese immigrants in Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 9(1), 61. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-9-61
Kesse-Guyot, E., Lairon, D., Allès, B., Seconda, L., Rebouillat, P., Brunin, J., Vidal, R., Taupier-Letage, B., Galan, P., Amiot, M.-J., Péneau, S., Touvier, M., Boizot-Santai, C., Ducros, V., Soler, L.-G., Cravedi, J.-P., Debrauwer, L., Hercberg, S., Langevin, B., … Baudry, J. (2022). Key Findings of the French BioNutriNet Project on Organic Food–Based Diets: Description, Determinants, and Relationships to Health and the Environment. Advances in Nutrition, 13(1), 208–224. https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmab105
Kesse-Guyot, E., Péneau, S., Méjean, C., Szabo de Edelenyi, F., Galan, P., Hercberg, S., & Lairon, D. (2013). Profiles of Organic Food Consumers in a Large Sample of French Adults: Results from the Nutrinet-Santé Cohort Study. PLoS ONE, 8(10), e76998. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0076998
Latip, M. S. A., Newaz, F. T., Latip, S. N. N. A., May, R. Y. Y., & Rahman, A. E. A. (2021). The Sustainable Purchase Intention in a New Normal of COVID-19: An Empirical Study in Malaysia. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(5), 951–959. https://doi.org/10.13106/JAFEB.2021.VOL8.NO5.0951
Lee, H.-J., & Yun, Z.-S. (2015). Consumers’ perceptions of organic food attributes and cognitive and affective attitudes as determinants of their purchase intentions toward organic food. Food Quality and Preference, 39, 259–267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodqual.2014.06.002
Lee, Y. Y., & Wan Muda, W. A. M. (2019). Dietary intakes and obesity of Malaysian adults. Nutrition Research and Practice, 13(2), 159. https://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2019.13.2.159
Lim, W. M., Yong, J. L. S., & Suryadi, K. (2014). Consumers’ Perceived Value and Willingness to Purchase Organic Food. Journal of Global Marketing, 27(5), 298–307. https://doi.org/10.1080/08911762.2014.931501
Marsola, C. D. M., Cunha, L. M., Carvalho-Ferreira, J. P. D., & Da Cunha, D. T. (2020). Factors Underlying Food Choice Motives in a Brazilian Sample: The Association with Socioeconomic Factors and Risk Perceptions about Chronic Diseases. Foods, 9(8), 1114. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9081114
Marty, L., de Lauzon-Guillain, B., Labesse, M., & Nicklaus, S. (2021). Food choice motives and the nutritional quality of diet during the COVID-19 lockdown in France. Appetite, 157, 105005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2020.105005
Massey, M., O’Cass, A., & Otahal, P. (2018). A meta-analytic study of the factors driving the purchase of organic food. Appetite, 125, 418–427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2018.02.029
McCarthy, B. L. (2015). Trends in Organic and Green Food Consumption in China: Opportunities and Challenges for Regional Australian Exporters. 26.
Mohamad, S. S., Rusdi, S. D., & Hashim, N. H. (2014). Organic Food Consumption among Urban Consumers: Preliminary Results. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 130, 509–514. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.04.059
Moon, S.-G., Jeong, S., & Choi, Y. (2017). Moderating Effects of Trust on Environmentally Significant Behavior in Korea. Sustainability, 9(3), 415. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9030415
Nguyen, H., Nguyen, N., Nguyen, B., Lobo, A., & Vu, P. (2019). Organic Food Purchases in an Emerging Market: The Influence of Consumers’ Personal Factors and Green Marketing Practices of Food Stores. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(6), 1037. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16061037
Nuttavuthisit, K., & Thøgersen, J. (2017). The Importance of Consumer Trust for the Emergence of a Market for Green Products: The Case of Organic Food. Journal of Business Ethics, 140(2), 323–337. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-015-2690-5
Qi, X., & Ploeger, A. (2021). Explaining Chinese Consumers’ Green Food Purchase Intentions during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Extended Theory of Planned Behaviour. Foods, 10(6), 1200. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10061200
Qi, X., Yu, H., & Ploeger, A. (2020). Exploring Influential Factors Including COVID-19 on Green Food Purchase Intentions and the Intention–Behaviour Gap: A Qualitative Study among Consumers in a Chinese Context. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(19), 7106. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197106
Rahim, H. A., Jusoh, Z., Lidew, L., Sulaiman, N., Bakar, E. A., & Jamaluddin, A. (2015). Food Choice Factors Affecting Malaysian Green Food Consumption. 11.
Rana, J., & Paul, J. (2017). Consumer behavior and purchase intention for organic food: A review and research agenda. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 38, 157–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2017.06.004
Rezai, G., Kit Teng, P., Mohamed, Z., & Shamsudin, M. N. (2013). Consumer Willingness to Pay for Green Food in Malaysia. Journal of International Food & Agribusiness Marketing, 25(sup1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/08974438.2013.798754
Rezai, G., Teng, P. K., Shamsudin, M. N., Mohamed, Z., & Stanton, J. L. (2017). Effect of perceptual differences on consumer purchase intention of natural functional food. Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies, 7(2), 153–173. https://doi.org/10.1108/JADEE-02-2015-0014
Saleki, R., Quoquab, F., & Mohammad, J. (2019). What drives Malaysian consumers’ organic food purchase intention? The role of moral norm, self-identity, environmental concern and price consciousness. Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies, 9(5), 584–603. https://doi.org/10.1108/JADEE-02-2019-0018
Singh, A., & Verma, P. (2017). Factors influencing Indian consumers’ actual buying behaviour towards organic food products. Journal of Cleaner Production, 167, 473–483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.08.106
Somasundram, C., Razali, Z., & Santhirasegaram, V. (2016). A Review on Organic Food Production in Malaysia. Horticulturae, 2(3), 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae2030012
Song, B. L., & Kanesh, G. R. (2022). Consumers’ Knowledge, Perceived Quality, Trust of the myOrganic Logo, and Purchase Behaviour towards Organic Food in Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Consumer and Family Economics, 25.
Song, B. L., & Liew, C. Y. (2019). Assessing the Young Consumers’ Motives and Purchase Behavior for Organic Food: An Empirical Evidence from a Developing Nation. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(1), Pages 69-87. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v9-i1/5364
Song, B. L., Safari, M., & Mansori, S. (2016). The Marketing Stimuli Factors Influencing Consumers’ Attitudes to Purchase Organic Food. International Journal of Business and Management, 11(10), 109. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v11n10p109
Statista. (2021). Worldwide sales of organic foods 2020. Statista. https://www.statista.com/statistics/273090/worldwide-sales-of-organic-foods-since-1999/
Steptoe, A., Pollard, T. M., & Wardle, J. (1995). Development of a Measure of the Motives Underlying the Selection of Food: the Food Choice Questionnaire. Appetite, 25(3), 267–284. https://doi.org/10.1006/appe.1995.0061
Tandon, A., Dhir, A., Kaur, P., Kushwah, S., & Salo, J. (2020). Why do people buy organic food? The moderating role of environmental concerns and trust. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 57, 102247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102247
Thøgersen, J., Pedersen, S., Paternoga, M., Schwendel, E., & Aschemann-Witzel, J. (2017). How important is country-of-origin for organic food consumers? A review of the literature and suggestions for future research. British Food Journal, 119(3), 542–557. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-09-2016-0406
Tiraieyari, N., Hamzah, A., & Abu Samah, B. (2014). Organic Farming and Sustainable Agriculture in Malaysia: Organic Farmers’ Challenges towards Adoption. Asian Social Science, 10(4), p1. https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v10n4p1
Tran, A. T. V., & Nguyen, N. T. (2021). Organic Food Consumption among Households in Hanoi: Importance of Situational Factors. Sustainability, 13(22), 12496. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132212496
Udin, N. M., Ismail, S. N. S., How, V., & Abidin, E. Z. (2019). Dermal Exposure to Pesticides among Sprayers in Different Agriculture Subsectors in Malaysia: Observational Method using DREAM. 9.
Ueasangkomsate, P., & Santiteerakul, S. (2016). A Study of Consumers’ Attitudes and Intention to Buy Organic Foods for Sustainability. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 34, 423–430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2016.04.037
Vasanthi, H. R., & Parameswari, R. P. (2010). Indian Spices for Healthy Heart - An Overview. Current Cardiology Reviews, 6(4), 274–279. https://doi.org/10.2174/157340310793566172
Vigar, Myers, Oliver, Arellano, Robinson, & Leifert. (2019). A Systematic Review of Organic Versus Conventional Food Consumption: Is There a Measurable Benefit on Human Health? Nutrients, 12(1), 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12010007
Wang, J., Tao, J., & Chu, M. (2020). Behind the label: Chinese consumers’ trust in food certification and the effect of perceived quality on purchase intention. Food Control, 108, 106825. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106825
Wong, S. S., & Aini, M. S. (2017). Factors influencing purchase intention of organic meat among consumers in Klang Valley, Malaysia. International Food Research Journal, 24(2), 767–778.
Xu, Y., Liang, D., Wang, G.-T., Wen, J., & Wang, R.-J. (2020). Nutritional and Functional Properties of Wild Food-Medicine Plants from the Coastal Region of South China. Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, 25, 2515690X2091326. https://doi.org/10.1177/2515690X20913267
?akowska?Biemans, S. (2011). Polish consumer food choices and beliefs about organic food. British Food Journal, 113(1), 122–137. https://doi.org/10.1108/00070701111097385
Zhang, Y., Cao, S., Zhang, Z., Meng, X., Hsiaoping, C., Yin, C., Jiang, H., & Wang, S. (2020). Nutritional quality and health risks of wheat grains from organic and conventional cropping systems. Food Chemistry, 308, 125584. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125584

Jaafar, N. A. A., Sulaiman, N., Badari, S. A. Z., & Sabran, M. R. (2024). Sociodemographic Variations in Organic Food Consumption and Food Choice Motives among Malaysian Adults: A Study between Organic and Non-Organic Food Consumers. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 14(10), 2005–2024.

Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s)
Published by HRMARS (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode