ISSN: 2222-6990
Open access
This study explores the transformative potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in higher education, based on a systematic literature review of research from 2000 to 2024. It identifies key themes related to AI integration, including personalized learning, accessibility, ethical considerations, and infrastructural challenges. Personalized learning emerges as a significant benefit of AI, enabling tailored educational experiences that cater to individual student needs, improving engagement, and enhancing learning outcomes. AI also promotes accessibility and inclusivity by providing remote learning opportunities, particularly for students in underserved or marginalized areas. However, the study highlights critical challenges, including data privacy concerns, algorithmic bias, and the digital divide, which need to be addressed to ensure equitable and ethical implementation of AI. The research also examines the integration of AI in the context of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030, which aligns with national efforts to enhance digital education. The findings suggest that while AI holds immense promise, further research is needed to explore localized strategies for AI integration, particularly in underdeveloped regions. The study emphasizes the need for a collaborative, interdisciplinary approach to ensure AI's successful adoption and its potential to create an equitable, efficient, and inclusive educational environment.
Al Shahrani, A., Alhumaidan, N., AlHindawi, Z., Althobaiti, A., Aloufi, K., Almughamisi, R., & Aldalbahi, A. (2024, December). Readiness to Embrace Artificial Intelligence Among Medical Students in Saudi Arabia: A National Survey. In Healthcare(Vol. 12, No. 24, p. 2504). MDPI.
Alanazi, E. A. L., Alanazi, S. A. T., Alanazi, A. I. L., Alenezi, F. H. J., Alrawili, N. Q. A., & Alruwaili, M. Q. M. (2024). Perception of Nurses on Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its Role in Nursing Care in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review. Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research, 837-845.
Albasalah, A., Alshawwa, S., & Alarnous, R. (2022). Use of artificial intelligence in activating the role of Saudi universities in joint scientific research between university teachers and students. Plos one, 17(5), e0267301.
AlGhamdi, A. A. (2022). Artificial Intelligence in Education as a Mean to Achieve Sustainable Development in Accordance with the Pillars of the Kingdom's Vision 2030--A Systematic Review. International Journal of Higher Education, 11(4), 80-90.
Aljindan, F. K., Al Qurashi, A. A., Albalawi, I. A. S., Alanazi, A. M. M., Aljuhani, H. A. M., Almutairi, F. F., ... & Alarki, S. M. Z. (2023). ChatGPT conquers the Saudi medical licensing exam: exploring the accuracy of artificial intelligence in medical knowledge assessment and implications for modern medical education. Cureus, 15(9), e45043.
Alkhurayji, K., Alzahrani, H. A., s Alotaibi, A., Alharbi, A. G., Zandan, A. A., & Alsheikhi, H. (2024). Potential and Risks Behind the National Transformation Program in Saudi Arabia. Cureus, 16(7), e65047.
Almalawi, A., Khan, A. I., Alsolami, F., Abushark, Y. B., Alfakeeh, A. S., & Mekuriyaw, W. D. (2022). Analysis of the exploration of security and privacy for healthcare management using artificial intelligence: Saudi hospitals. Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience, 2022(1), 4048197.
Alotaibi, N. S., & Alshehri, A. H. (2023). Prospers and obstacles in using artificial intelligence in Saudi Arabia higher education institutions—The potential of AI-based learning outcomes. Sustainability, 15(13), 10723.
Alsaedi, A. R., Alneami, N., Almajnoni, F., Alamri, O., Aljohni, K., Alrwaily, M. K., ... & Eid, M. H. (2024). Perceived Worries in the Adoption of Artificial Intelligence Among Healthcare Professionals in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study. Nursing Reports, 14(4), 3706-3721.
Alzahrani, A. (2022). A systematic review of artificial intelligence in education in the arab world. Amazonia Investiga, 11(54), 293-305.
Alzaydan, A. M. A., Al Balam, R. A., Abu-Dally, M. M., Alharbi, A. M. A., Alharbi, M. D. M., Alfaifi, F. S., ... & Alharbi, M. M. (2024). Redefining Education: Integrating AI and Emerging Technologies in Saudi Healthcare Training Programs. Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research, 2938-2941.
Chikhaoui, E., Alajmi, A., & Larabi-Marie-Sainte, S. (2022). Artificial intelligence applications in healthcare sector: ethical and legal challenges. Emerging Science Journal, 6(4), 717-738.
Jamshed, M., Almashy, A., Albedah, F., & Warda, W. U. (2024). Assessing the Efficacy of Artificial Intelligence-Enabled EFL Learning and Teaching in Saudi Arabia: Perceptions, Perspectives, and Prospects. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 15(6), 1931-1940.
Khan, M. A., Khojah, M., & Vivek. (2022). Artificial Intelligence and Big Data: The Advent of New Pedagogy in the Adaptive E?Learning System in the Higher Educational Institutions of Saudi Arabia. Education Research International, 2022(1), 1263555.
Melweth, H. M. A., Alkahtani, A. S., & Al Mdawi, A. M. M. (2024). The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Improving the Quality of Education and Reducing Future Anxiety Among a Sample of Teachers in Saudi Arabia. Kurdish Studies, 12(2), 5741-5758.
Memish, Z. A., Altuwaijri, M. M., Almoeen, A. H., & Enani, S. M. (2021). The Saudi Data & Artificial Intelligence Authority (SDAIA) vision: leading the kingdom’s journey toward global leadership. Journal of epidemiology and global health, 11(2), 140-142.
Muafa, A. M., Al-Obadi, S. H., Al-Saleem, N., Taweili, A., & Al-Amri, A. (2024). The impact of artificial intelligence applications on the digital transformation of healthcare delivery in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (opportunities and challenges in alignment with vision 2030). Academic Journal of Research and Scientific Publishing, 5.
Nuseir, M., Basheer, M. F., & Aljumah, A. (2020). Antecedents of entrepreneurial intentions in smart city of Neom Saudi Arabia: Does the entrepreneurial education on artificial intelligence matter?. Cogent Business & Management, 7(1), 1825041.
Russell, S., & Norvig, P. (2020). Artificial intelligence: a modern approach. Hoboken.
Sarkis-Onofre, R., Catalá-López, F., Aromataris, E., & Lockwood, C. (2021). How to properly use the PRISMA Statement. Systematic Reviews, 10, 1-3.
Saudi Data and Artificial Intelligence Authority (SDAIA) (2022). Saudi Data and Artificial Intelligence Authority (SDAIA)Available at: https://saudipedia.com/en/article/349/government-and-politics/commissions/saudi-data-and-artificial-intelligence-authority-sdaia#:~:text=On%20October%2021%2C%202020%2C%20the,human%20resources%20by%20establishing%20a.
Sobaih, A. E. (2024). Ethical concerns for using artificial intelligence chatbots in research and publication: Evidences from Saudi Arabia. Journal of Applied Learning and Teaching, 7(1).
Syed, W., & Basil A. Al-Rawi, M. (2023). Assessment of awareness, perceptions, and opinions towards artificial intelligence among healthcare students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Medicina, 59(5), 828.
Saiari, S. M. H. Al, Samudin, S. A. B., Samah, M., & Murshed, A. A. M. (2025). Advancements in Artificial Intelligence in Saudi Arabia: A Critical Analysis of Current Realities and Future Prospects. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 15(2), 210–222.
Copyright: © 2025 The Author(s)
Published by HRMARS (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode