Estimating Technical Efficiency and Bootstrapping Malmquist Indices: Analysis of Malaysian Preschool Sector

This study is focused on conceptual paper and the purpose of this study is to conduct an empirical investigation into the Malaysian Preschool institutions, focusing on measuring their technical efficiency and productivity changes. This study is to examine the nature of productivity changes by means of bootstrapped Malmquist TFP indices. The study use a Three-year set of panel data (2009–2012) for analyzing the performance of 8307 KEMAS Preschools classes during the implementation of the (Government Transformation Program) GTP 1.0. The study considered all KEMAS Preschools classes operating in the sector. The input and output data were manually extracted from the Malaysia’s Ministry of Rural and Regional Development (MRRD) and all KEMAS Preschools. Non-parametric DEA models are employed to estimate efficiency and productivity changes of the institutions. Thus, this study is expected makes significant contributions to the literature of efficiency and productivity changes in Early Childhood Care and education institutions.