Journal Screenshot

International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

Open Access Journal

ISSN: 2222-6990

Whether Religiousness and Intrinsic and Extrinsic Values Matter the Most to Muslim Entrepreneurs: A Case Study

Rohani Mohd, Badrul Hisham Kamaruddin, Marziah Mokhtar, Suryana Sarbini, Rohaya Hussein, Shereen Noranee

http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v8-i11/5574

Open access

Islam is a religion that guides people in every aspect of life. This involves guiding Muslims to do business in a manner that is blessed (barakah). Thereafter, Muslim entrepreneurs would be able to become a role model to the non-Muslims not only on the aspects of business dealing, but also principles that lead to business success. However, despite guiding Muslims on how to operate business the Islamic way, not many Muslims turned out to be successful as they should be. Were they not practicing enough Islam that resulted in poor business performance? For the purpose of analysis, 110 data were obtained from an entrepreneurship program held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia The aim was to investigate the impact of religiousness and personal values on business performance. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to fulfill the objectives of the study. The analysis generated an unexpected outcome. Religiousness was inversely related to business performance. Intrinsic and extrinsic values were not significantly related to business performance; hence did not support the findings of previous studies. Justification for the unexpected results and recommendation for future research were also discussed in the paper.

Abu Kasim, N. A., Minai, B. & Chun, L. S. (1989). Performance measures in Malaysia - The state of the art. Malaysian Management Review, Vol. 24, 3-9.
Alam, S. S., Mohd, R., Kamaruddin, B. H., & Nor, N. G. M. (2015). Personal values and entrepreneurial orientations in Malay entrepreneurs in Malaysia: Mediating role of self-efficacy. International Journal of Commerce and Management, 25(4), 385-401.
Al-Ghazali, A. H. M. (2013). Revival of religion’s sciences: Ihya’ Ulum Ad-Din, Beirut Lebanon: Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah.
Baharon, R. & Kamarudin, S. (2001). The effect of entrepreneurs’ personal religious values and business performance in IT industry. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 9(4), 437-448.
Boubakary. (2015). The influence of the personal values of the leader on the growth of SMEs in Cameroon. International Strategic Management Review, 3(1-2), 15-23.
Brooks, I. (1999). Organizational behavior. Individuals, groups and organizations. Financial Times and Pitman Publishing, London.
Carson, D. (1991). The marketing panoramic III. European Journal of Marketing, 9, 7-9.
Doyle, P. (1994). Setting business objectives and measuring performance. European Management Journal, 12(2), 123-132.
Galbraith, C. & Schendel, D. (1983). An empirical analysis of strategy types. Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 4, 153-173.
Ghosh, B, C., Kirn, T, S, & Mena, L. A. (1996). Factors contributing to the success of SME’s in Singapore in entrepreneurs, entrepreneurship and enterprising Culture. Wesley Publishing Company, Addision.
Hanafy, A. A. & H, Salam. (2001). Ethics in business management: Islamic and mainstreams approaches. Asean Academic Press, London.
Harvey, B. (1994). Business Ethics: A European approach. Prentice Hall International Ltd. Great Britain.
Hashim, H. (1992). The competitiveness of Malaysia’s small business. Public Enterprise, 12 (1-2), 49-62.
Hashim, M. K. (2000). A proposed strategic framework for SMEs’ success. Malaysian Management Review, 35 (2), 32-43.
Hofstede, G. (1991). Cultures and organizations: Software of the Mind. London: McGraw Hill.
Jones, G. (2005). Organisation behaviour, 4th edition, Prentice Hall, 75.
Kotey, B. & Meredith, G. G. (1997). Relationship among owners/manager personal values, business strategies and enterprise performance. Journal of Small Business Management, 37-64.
Kotey, B. (1994). Personal values of owner manager: Business strategies and enterprise performance. The Southern Cross University, Maroochydore.
Mc Clelland, D. C. (1965). Toward a theory of motive acquisition. American Psychologist, 20(2), 321-333.
McClelland, D. C. (1965). N achievement and entrepreneurship: A longitudinal study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1(4), 389.
Mohd, R., Kamaruddin, B. H., Muda, M., Hassan, S. Yahya, K. K. (2016). Malay owner managers of SMEs: The typology, Procedia Economics and Finance, 37, pp 86-92.
Mohd, R., Kamaruddin, B. H., Yahya, K. K., & Sanidas, E. (2015). Can values of honesty, hard work, loyalty and discipline predict entrepreneurial orientation of Muslim owner managers? Journal of Emerging Economies & Islamic Research, 3(1).
Nash, M. (1983). Managing organizational performance. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Navaratnam, R. V. (2001). Malaysian’s economic recovery: Policy reforms for economic sustainability. Pelanduk Publication, Malaysia.
Omar, A. R. (1998). Menjaring usahawan bumiputra. Utusan Publication and Distribution Sdn. Bhd. Malaysia.
Robinson Jr, R. B. (1982). The importance of “outsiders” in small firm strategic planning. Academy of Management Journal, 25(1), 80-93.
Rokeach, M. & Ball-Rokeach, S. J. (1989). Stability and change in American value priorities, 1968-1981, American Psychologist, 44 (May), pp 775-784.
Rokeach, M. (1972). Beliefs, attitudes and values: Theory of organization and change. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Schwartz, S. H. (2009). Basic human values. The cross-national comparison seminar on the quality and comparability

In-Text Citation: (Mohd et al., 2018)
To Cite this Article: Mohd, R., Kamaruddin, B. H., Mokhtar, M., Sarbini, S., Hussein, R., & Noranee, S. (2018). Whether Religiousness and Intrinsic and Extrinsic Values Matter the Most to Muslim Entrepreneurs: A Case Study. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Socal Sciences, 8(11), 2086–2098.