ISSN: 2222-6990
Open access
This paper aims to review the impact of strategic planning process on organizational performance in the Nigerian public sector. Strategic planning is reported to enhance organizational performance, operations, and overall effectiveness when used in the private and public sectors for decades. Several research findings indicate that large organizations regularly engage in strategic planning, and the plans developed and implemented had a positive impact on the organization’s overall performance and effectiveness. Several findings indicated that strategic planning increases the organization’s financial performance and longevity, and hence argued that public organizations should adopt the process of strategic planning. It is, therefore, prudent to determine the overall effectiveness of strategic planning for an organization. Hence, this paper focuses on the review of theory, practice, and the impact of strategic planning process on organizational performance among public sector organizations in Nigeria.
Abubakar, U. I., Hassan, I. (2017). Theoretical perspectives of management and their application in Abubakar Rimi Television, Kano State, Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 22 (11): 18-28. doi: 10.9790/0837-2211081828
Aldehyyat, J., Al Khattab, A., & Anchor, J. (2011), The use of strategic planning tools and techniques in hotels in Jordan. Management Research News, 34 (4), 43-60.doi: 10.1108/01409171111117898/full/html
Al-Shammari, H. A., & Hussein, R. T. (2007). Strategic planning-firm performance linkage: Empirical investigation from an emergent market perspective. Journal of Competitiveness Studies, 15(1/2), 15-23.
Arend, R. J., Zhao, Y. L., Song, M., & Im, S. (2017). Strategic planning as a complex and enabling managerial tool. Strategic Management Journal, 38(8), 1741-1752.doi: 10.1002/smj.2420
Berry, F. S., & Wechsler, B. (1995). State agencies' experience with strategic planning: Findings from a national survey. Public administration review, 55(2), 159-168.doi: 10.2307/977181
Birnbaum, L. S. (2012). NIEHS's new strategic plan. Retrieved from: https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/doi/full/10.1289/ehp.1205642
Bloom, M. J., & Menefee, M. K. (1994). Scenario planning and contingency planning. Public Productivity & Management Review, 17(3), 223-230.doi: 10.2307/3380654
Brews, P. J., & Hunt, M. R. (1999). Learning to plan and planning to learn: Resolving the planning school/learning school debate. Strategic Management Journal, 20(10), 889-913.doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097
Bryson, J. M., Crosby, B. C., & Stone, M. M. (2015). Designing and implementing cross?sector collaborations: Needed and challenging. Public administration review, 75(5), 647-663.doi: 10.1111/puar.12432
Chandler, J. A. D. (1962). Strategy and Structure: Chapters in the History of the American Industrial Enterprise. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Deal, E. T., & Kennedy, A. A. (2000). Corporate Culture. Cambridge MA: Persons.
Debarliev, S., & Suklev, B. (2012). Strategic planning effectiveness comparative analysis of the Macedonian context. Economic and Business Review, 14(1), 63–93.
Dooris, M. (2004). Joining up settings for health: a valuable investment for strategic partnerships?. Critical Public Health, 14(1), 49-61.doi: 10.1080/09581590310001647506
Devanna, M. A., Fombrun, C., & Tichy, N. (1981). Human resource management: A strategic perspective. Organizational Dynamics, 9 (3): 51-68.doi: 10.1016/0090-2616(81)90038-3
Elbanna, S., Child, J., & Dayan, M. (2013). A model of antecedents and consequences of intuition in strategic decision-making: Evidence from Egypt. Long Range Planning, 46(1-2), 149-176. doi: 10.1016/j.lrp.2012.09.007
Ghobadian, A., O'regan, N., Thomas, H., & Liu, J. (2008). Formal strategic planning, operating environment, size, sector and performance: Evidence from the UK's manufacturing SMEs. Journal of General Management, 34(2), 1-20.doi: 10.1177/030630700803400201
Goleman, D. (1998). What makes a leader? Harvard Business Review, 1(1), 93-102.
Goleman, D. (2000). Leadership that gets results. Harvard Business Review, 78(2), 78-90.
Grant, R. M. (2003). Strategic planning in a turbulent environment: Evidence from the oil majors. Strategic Management Journal, 24(6), 491-517.doi: 10.1002/smj.314
Green, Jr, K. W., & Medlin, B. (2003). The strategic planning process: The link between mission statement and organizational performance. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 12(1), 2-23.
Gregerson, H. B., Morrison, A. J., & Black, J. S. (1998). Developing leaders for the global frontier. Sloan Management Review, 40(1):21-32.
Griggs, H. E. (2002). Strategic planning system characteristics and organisational effectiveness in Australian small-scale firms. Irish Journal of Management, 23(1), 23-51.
Hosmer, L. T. (1994). Strategic planning as if ethics mattered. Strategic Management Journal, 15(S2), 17-34. Doi: 10.1002/smj.4250151003
Huselid, M. A., & Becker, B. E. (1997). The impact of high performance work system, implementation effectiveness, and alignment with strategy on shareholder’s wealth. Academy of Management Proceedings, 1(1), 144-149.doi: 10.5465/ambpp.1997.4981101
Huselid, M., Jackson, S., & Schuler, R. (1997). Technical and strategic human resource management effectiveness as determinants of firm performance. Academy of Management Journal, 40 (1), 171-188.doi: 10.5465/257025
Jimenez, B. S. (2013). Strategic planning and the fiscal performance of city governments during the Great Recession. The American Review of Public Administration, 43(5), 581-601.doi: 10.1177/0275074012451051
Kemp J, E. J., Funk, R. J., & Eadie, D. C. (1993). Change in chewable bites: Applying strategic management at EEOC. Public Administration Review, 53(2), 129-134.doi: 10.2307/976705
Kotler P., Armstrong G., Saunders J., & Wong, V. (2002). Principles of marketing (3rd ed). Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall.
Kukalis, S. (1991). Determinants of strategic planning systems in large organizations: A contingency approach. Journal of Management Studies, 28(2), 143-160. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6486.1991.tb00274.x
Leggate, P., & Thompson, J. (1997). The management of development planning in international schools. International Journal of Educational Management, 11(6): 268– 273.doi: 10.1108/09513549710186894/full/html
Louw, L., & Venter, P. (2006). Strategic Management: Winning in the Southern African workplace. Cape Town: Oxford University Press.
Sababu, B. (2007). Strategic management: The analytical approach. Nairobi: Jomo Kenyatta Foundation.
Miller, C. C., & Cardinal, L. B. (1994). Strategic planning and firm performance: A synthesis of more than two decades of research. Academy of Management Journal, 37(6), 1649-1665.doi: 10.5465/256804
Mintzberg, H. (1994). The fall and rise of strategic planning, Harvard Business Review, 72(1), 107-114.
Murphy, R. (2011). Strategic planning in Irish quantity surveying practices (Doctoral dissertation). Heriot-Watt University, United Kingdom.
Paris, K. A. (2004). Moving the strategic plan off the shelf and into action at the University of Wisconsin?Madison. New Directions for Institutional Research, 123 (1), 121-127. doi: 10.1002/ir.126
Poister, T. H. (2010). The future of strategic planning in the public sector: Linking strategic management and performance. Public Administration Review, 70 (1), 246-254.doi: 10.1111/j.1540-6210.2010.02284.x
Priem, R. L., Rasheed, A. M., & Kotulic, A. G. (1995). Rationality in strategic decision processes, environmental dynamism and firm performance. Journal of Management, 21(5), 913-929.doi: 10.1177/014920639502100506
Rajagopalan, N., Rasheed, A. M., & Datta, D. K. (1993). Strategic decision processes: Critical review and future directions. Journal of Management, 19(2), 349-384.doi: 10.1016/0149-2063(93)90057-T
Ramakrishna, N. (2019). Henry Fayol's principles of management and its applicability in contract staffing. International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering, 9(3), 168-182.
Schein, E. H. (2009). Organization Psychology. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Schuler, R. S. (1992). Strategic human resource management: Linking the people with the strategic needs of the business. Organizational Dynamics, 21 (1), 18-33.doi: 10.1016/0090-2616(92)90083-Y
Schuler, R. S., & Jackson, S. E. (1987). Linking competitive strategies with human resource management practices. Academy of Management Executive, 1 (3): 207-219.doi: 10.5465/ame.1987.4275740
Schuler, R. S., & Jackson, S. E. (1987). Organizational strategy and organizational level as determinants of human resources management practices. Human Resources Planning, 10 (3), 125-143.
Schuler, R. S., & Walker, J. W. (1990). Human resources strategy: Focusing on issues and actions. Organizational Dynamics, 19 (1), 4-20.doi: 10.1016/0090-2616(90)90045-Q
Schwarz, J. O. (2009). Business wargaming: developing foresight within a strategic simulation. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 21(3), 291-305.doi: 10.1080/09537320902750590
Schwenk, C. R., & Shrader, C. B. (1993). Effects of formal strategic planning on financial performance in small firms: A meta-analysis. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 17(3), 53-64.doi: 10.1177/104225879301700304
Spee, A. P., & Jarzabkowski, P. (2011). Strategic planning as communicative process. Organization Studies, 32(9), 1217-1245.doi: 10.1177/0170840611411387
Steiner, G. A. (2010). Strategic Planning. New York: Simon & Schuster.
Streib, G., & Poister, T. H. (1990). Strategic planning in US cities: Patterns of use, perceptions of effectiveness, and an assessment of strategic capacity. The American Review of Public Administration, 20(1), 29-44.doi: 10.1177/027507409002000103
Tapinos, E., Dyson, R., & Meadows, M., (2005). The impact of performance measurement in strategic planning. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 54 (5/6),370-384.doi: 10.1108/17410400510604539/full/html
Ulrich, D. (2000). How the human resource function can create value and drive strategic success. Retrieved from: https://store.hbr.org/product/how-the-human-resource-function-can-create-value-and-drive-strategic-success/B0003C
Ulrich, D. (1998). A new mandate for human resources. Retrieved from: https://hbr.org/1998/01/a-new-mandate-for-human-resources
Vinzant, J. C., & Vinzant, D. H. (1999). Strategic management spin?offs of the Deming approach. Journal of Management History, 5(8), 516-531.doi: 10.1108/13552529910290629/full/html.
Wandjiva, J. T. (2011). An exploratory study on strategic planning and the role of communication in the public service of Namibia with specific reference to the Ministry of Gender Equality and Child Welfare (Doctoral dissertation). Namibia University of Science and Technology, Namibia.
Wright P., Smart, D., & McMahan, G. (1995). Matches between human resources and strategy among NCCA Basket Teams. Academy of Management Journal, 38 (4), 1052-1074.doi: 10.5465/256620
Wright, P. M., & McMahan, G. C. (1992). Theoretical perspectives for strategic human resource management. Journal of Management, 18 (2), 295-320.doi: 10.1177/014920639201800205
Wright, P. M. (1998). Introduction: Strategic human resource management research in the 21st century. Human Resource Management Review, 8 (3), 187-152.doi: 10.1016/S1053-4822(98)90001-8
Wilkinson, G., & Monkhouse, E. (1994). Strategic planning in public sector organizations. Executive development. Executive Development, 7(6), 16-19.doi:
10.1108/09533239410071878/full/html
Yabs, J. (2010). Strategic Management Practices 2nd edition. Nairobi: Lelax Global (K) Ltd
Youndt, M. A., & Scott, S.A. (1996). Human resource management, manufacturing strategy, and firm performance. Academy of Management Journal, 39 (4), 836-857.doi: 10.5465/256714
Yow, D. A., Migliore, R. H., Loudon, D. L., Bowden, W. W., & Stevens, R. E. (2000). Strategic Planning for Collegiate Athletics. New York: Psychology Press.
In-Text Citation: (Umar et al., 2020)
To Cite this Article: Umar, A. A., Muhammad, N., & Hassan, I. (2020). Strategic Planning Process and Organizational Performance in Nigerian Public Sector: A Review of Literature. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 10(7), 367–382.
Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s)
Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode