ISSN: 2222-6990
Open access
Policy makers and entrepreneurship scholars pay attention to the development of a conducive entrepreneurial ecosystem in educational institutions to develop entrepreneur attributes among students. The entrepreneurial ecosystem represents the economic and social environment in the process of implementing local entrepreneurial activities. However, there are not many studies of the entrepreneurial ecosystem that focus on the education system in vocational colleges. Hence, this article was written to identify and describe the attributes of entrepreneurs who have been successfully developed by vocational colleges through the existing ecosystem in vocational colleges when implementing vocational education transformation starting in 2012. To answer the objectives and questions of the study, data will be obtained by conducting three semi-structured interview sessions to administrators at three selected vocational colleges and focus group to lectures. In addition, data will also be obtained through observation methods and document analysis methods. The result of this study found that there are five elements of entrepreneurial ecosystem that existed in the three vocational colleges studied was able to produce entrepreneur attributes among students covering four attributes, namely attitude towards entrepreneurship, attitude towards entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial thinking and selection towards entrepreneurship career.
Aaltonen, A. (2016). Factors shaping entrepreneurial ecosystems and the rise of entrepreneurship: A view from top management journals. In Demos Helsinki Working Paper. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.2027.2248
Badawi, A. (2013). TVET and entrepreneurship skills. In Revisiting global trends in TVET: Reflections on theory and practice.
Alvedalen, J., & Boschma, R. (2017). A critical review of entrepreneurial ecosystems research: towards a future research agenda. European Planning Studies, 25(6), 887–903. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2017.1299694
Atkinson, G. (2006). Working for yourself: For love or money? Findings from vocational qualifications, employment status and income: 2006 census analysis. National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER).
Bahagian Perancangan dan Penyelidikan Dasar Pendidikan. (2017). Dasar Pendidikan Kebangsaan (Edisi 4). Firdaus Press Sdn Bhd. www.moe.gov.my/bppdp
Belitski, M., & Heron, K. (2017). Expanding entrepreneurship education ecosystem. Journal of Management Development, 36(2), 163–177.
https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/MRR-09-2015-0216
Brown, R., & Mason, C. (2017). Looking inside the spiky bits: A critical review and conceptualisation of entrepreneurial ecosystems. Small Business Economics, 49(1), 11–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-017-9865-7
Cresswell, J. W. (2009). Research Questions and hypothesis. In research design: Qualitative, quantittive, and mixed methods approaches (pp. 129–136).
Gladwell, M. (2008). Outliers. In notes and queries (Vols. s3-IX, Issue 221). Hachette Book Group, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s3-IX.221.238-i
Isenberg, D., & Vincent, O. (2016). Fostering scaleup ecosystems for regional economic growth. Innovations, 11(1/2), 60–79. https://doi.org/10.1162/inov_a_00248
Jansen, S., Tommy, van de Z., Brinkkemper, S., Stam, E., & Varma, V. (2015). How education, stimulation, and incubation encourage student entrepreneurship: Observations from MIT, IIIT, and Utrecht University. International Journal of Management Education, 13(2), 170–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2015.03.001
Mason, C., & Ross, B. (2014). Entrepreneurial ecosystems and growth oriented entrepreneurship. In entrepreneurial ecosystems and growth oriented entrepreneurship (Vol. 72, Issues 11–12).
Mateu, M., Cobo, C., & Moravec, J. (2018). Plan Ceibal 2020: Future scenarios for technology and education—the case of the Uruguayan public education system. European Journal of Futures Research, 6(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40309-018-0134-z
Merriam, S. B., & Elizabeth, J. T. (2016). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation (4th ed.). Jossey-Bass A Willey Brand.
Müller, J. M., Kiel, D., & Voigt, K. I. (2018). What drives the implementation of Industry 4.0? The role of opportunities and challenges in the context of sustainability. Sustainability (Switzerland), 10(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/su10010247
Neck, H. M., & Greene, P. G. (2011). Entrepreneurship education?: Known worlds. Journal of Small Business Management, 49(1), 55–70.
Newman, A., Obschonka, M., Schwarz, S., Cohen, M., Nielsen, I., Cohen, M., Newman, A., & Schwarz, S. (2018). Entrepreneurial self-efficacy: A systematic review of the literature on its antecedents and outcomes, and an agenda for future research. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 110(October 2017), 1–17.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.05.012
P. Rice, M., L. Fetters, M., & G. Greene, P. (2014). University-based entrepreneurship ecosystems: A global study of six educational institutions. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management, 18(5/6), 481.
https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEIM.2014.064722
Radinger-Peer, V., Sedlacek, S., & Goldstein, H. (2018). The path-dependent evolution of the entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE)–dynamics and region-specific assets of the case of Vienna (Austria). European Planning Studies, 26(8), 1499–1518.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2018.1494136
Rideout, E. C., & Gray, D. O. (2013). Does entrepreneurship education really work? A review and methodological critique of the empirical literature on the effects of university-based entrepreneurship education. Journal of Small Business Management, 51(3), 329–351. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12021
Stam, E., & Spigel, B. (2015). Entrepreneurial ecosystems and regional Policy: A sympathetic critique. European Planning Studies, 23(9), 1759–1769.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2015.1061484
Terjesen, S., Bosma, N., & Stam, E. (2016). Advancing public policy for high-growth, female, and social entrepreneurs. Public Administration Review, 76(2), 230–239.
https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12472
Theodoraki, C., Messeghem, K., & Rice, M. P. (2018). A social capital approach to the development of sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystems: An explorative study. Small Business Economics, 51(1), 153–170. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-017-9924-0
Turner-Bowker, D. M., Lamoureux, R. E., Stokes, J., Litcher-Kelly, L., Galipeau, N., Yaworsky, A., Solomon, J., & Shields, A. L. (2018). Informing a priori sample size estimation in qualitative concept elicitation interview studies for clinical outcome assessment instrument development. Value in Health, 21(7), 839–842.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2017.11.014
UNESCO. (2016). Incheon declaration and framework for action for the implementation of Sustainable Development Goal 4. 83.
http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0024/002456/245656E.pdf
Warwick, K. (2013). Beyond industrial policy: Emerging issues and new trends (Issue 2). https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5k4869clw0xp-en
Xu, M., David, J. M., & Kim, S. H. (2018). The fourth industrial revolution: Opportunities and challenges. International Journal of Financial Research, 9(2), 90.
https://doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v9n2p90
In-Text Citation: (Alias & Ismail, 2021)
To Cite this Article: Alias, H., & Ismail, A. (2021). The Development of Entrepreneurial Attributes among Vocational Colleges Students in Malaysia: Explorations of Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Elements. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 11(5), 717–729.
Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s)
Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode