ISSN: 2226-3624
Open access
Tourism industry is the largest service industry in the world that can bring numerous economic, cultural and social benefits for countries. Tourism development and enjoying the revenues of this industry entails building the facilities needed in which, unfortunately, most governments do not have sufficient expertise and capital. Private sector investment through different patterns of public-private partnership is an effective contractual approach, which provides conditions where both the public and private sectors can proffer their own capabilities to the project in order to maximize efficiency, at the same time that it supplies the project’s needed capital. In this study, the approach adopted by some countries regarding public-private partnership contracts in tourism industry and also Iranian regulations have been investigated. It appears that, according to the characteristics of the partnership agreements, in case of the required legal bases being provided, this method has appropriate capabilities for using in tourism projects, particularly in sample areas of tourism.
Akintoye, A. & Matthias B. (2008). Public Private Partnership : Managing Risks and Opportunities , School of the Built and Natural Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University
Allen, G. (2001). The Private Finance Initiative (PFI), Economic Policy and Statistics Section, House of Commons Library Research Paper.
Asian Development Bank (ADB)(2008). Public Private Partnership(PPP) handbook, ADB Publishing.
Atarzadeh and E. P. (2013). The Legal Nature of Temporal Property in the USA Law, Journal of Knowledge of Civil Law, Vol 2( 1), 12-25.
Cauter, R. and Thomas, Y. (2013). Law and Economic, Translator: Y Dadgar and H. A. Hezaveh, Institute of Economics and Light of Knowledge.
Emami, S. H. (2004). Civil Law, Vol 1, 24 Edition, Tehran, Eslamieh.
Flamrzy, M. (2009). Investigating the Fields of Public-Private Partnerships in Infrastructure Projects in the Country Using SWOT Analysis and Codification of General Contractual Models, MS Thesis, Tehran University, Technical Campus.
Ghanavati, J. and Seyyed H. V. S. and Ebrahim, A. (2000). Contracts Law in Islamic Jurisprudence, Vol I, Tehran, Samt.
Ghiasabadi, A. and Mohammad, F. (2011). Public-Pivate Partnerships in Various Countries: How to Increase the Injection of Private Sector Capital into Infrastructure Projects?, World of Economy Journal, 8-9.
Hamidanipour, M. (2003). Private Sector Participation in Infrastructure and Public Services, Journal of Harbor and Sea, No 113, 12-26.
HashemKhani, M. (2011). Introduction to the Concept of Public-Private Partnership Investment, Journal of World of Economy, 1-30.
Heibati, F. and Fereydoun R. Rudposhti and H. Nikoomaram and M. Ahmadi (2008). The Relationship between Economic Freedom with Public-Private Partnership and Presentation of a Model for Iran, Journal of Economic Modeling, Vol II( 2), 25-52.
International Monetary Fund (IMF) (2011). Public Private Partnerships, prepared by the Fiscal Affairs Department, Available at http://www.imf.org/ external /np/fad/2004/pifp/org/031204.pdf.11/2/2012.
Iranian Official Gazette, No. 13580, 23/10/1991, Law of Development of Traveling and Tourism Industry.
Iranian Official Gazette, No. 16709, 13.07.2002, Law of Promotion and Protection of Foreign Investment.
Iranian Official Gazette, No. 17527, 05.04.2005, Executive Bylaw of the Formation and Administration of Tourism Sample Regions.
Iranian Official Gazette, No. 17705, 16/02/2002, The Law Including Articles to the Law of Arranging Some Financial Regulations of Government.
Iranian Official Gazette, No. 20041, 21.12.2013, Executive Bylaw Section 126 of the 2013 Budget Law.
Katoozian, N. (2001). the Introduction of Civil Law, Assets and Ownership, Tehran, Publishing Company.
Katoozian, N. (2004). Civil Law, Common Regulation of Contracts, Vol I & II, 6 Edition, Tehran, Publishing Company.
Katoozian, N. (2005). Collection of Certain Contracts (1), Civil Law, 9 Edition, Tehran, Publishing Company.
KPMG, Public Private Partnerships in India,www.ibef.org/download/public private partnerships.pdf
Partnerships British Columbia (2003). An Introduction to Public Private Partnership, Partnerships British Columbia .
Saiedi R., Navid, Investigation of Successful Experiences on Financing of Tourism in Other Countries, available at the site http://www.itsairan.com/shownews.aspx?newsid=1359 Last Visited 24/06/2013, 1-8.
Shiravi, A. (2005). Build, Operate and Transfer Contracts (BOT), Qom, Tehran University, Qom Campus.
Teker, S. & Dilek, T. (2012). Tourism Projects Financing: A Public Private Model, Business Management Dynamics, Vol 2(5), 5-11
UNDP (2008). Special Unit for South-South Cooperation, Examples of Successful Public Private Partnership,Vol.15, New York.
Yescombe, E. R. (2011). Public-Private- Partnerships: Principles of Policy and Finance, Butterworth- Heinemann.
Ap, J. & John, C. (1998). Development and Testing a Tourism Impact Scale, Journal of Travel Research, Vol 37(2), 315-316.
Darr, J. (2008). Current Trends in Public Private Partnership Laws, Construction Lawyer, Vol 28 ( 3), 53-63
Grigorescu, A. (2008). Models of Public Private Partnership Projects in Tourism Industry, Nation School of Political Studies and Public Administration (NSPSPA), MPRA Paper from University Library of Munich, Germany
Hunziker, W. (1959). Betriebs Wirtschaftslehre des Fremden VerkehrsBand 1, Bern, 1-45
Ter-Minassian,Teresa (2004). Public Private Partnerships, Fiscal Affairs Department , 1-48
UNCTAD (1998). International Trade in Tourism-Related Services, Issues and Options for Developing Countries Secretariat , TD/B/COM.1/EM. 6/2,1998, Geneva, 1-51
WTO (1998). Tourism Services: Background Note by the Secretariat, S/C/W /51, Geneva: 1-26
(Haddadi & Khodadadpoor, 2015)
Haddadi, M., & Khodadadpoor, M. (2015). The Role of Public-Private Partnership Contracts in Tourism Industry Development. International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences, 4(1), 224–233.
Copyright: © 2018 The Author(s)
Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode