ISSN: 2222-6990
Open access
A demand for nutritional supplements to enhance recovery after endurance training is increasing among athletes to maximize their performance. The present study was conducted to identify the effects of chocolate milk consumption on blood glucose level, hydration status and mood state of the athlete after aerobic exercise. Ten male students from the Faculty of Sport Science and Coaching, UPSI (23.7±.68 years) participated in two trials separated by 1 week. For each trial consumed either chocolate milk (CM) or glucose drink (GD) after a 60 minute run at 70% of VO2max (46.43±1.32 ml/kg/min). Blood glucose levels were determined 1 and 2 hours after post-exercise CM or GD ingestion. Urine samples were collected before and 2 hours after exercise to assess hydration status. The mood state of the subject was also measured using the BRUMS questionnaire. The data were analysed by using a paired sample t-test. The results show that blood glucose levels and the urine colour are not significantly different between CM and GD consumption after exercise. Consumption of CM and GD able to reduce the feelings of tiredness, fatigue and depression, and increase vigour. These findings indicate both drinks can be consumed as a post-exercise recovery drink for endurance athletes.
Benton, D., & Donohoe, R. T. (1999). The effects of nutrients on mood. Public health nutrition, 2(3a), 403-409.
Carlton, A., & Orr, R. M. (2015). The effects of fluid loss on physical performance: A critical review. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 4(4), 357-363.
Cheuvront, S. N., Carter, R. I. I. I., & Sawka, M. N. (2003). Fluid balance and endurance exercise performance. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 2(4), 202-208.
Cockburn, E., Hayes, P. R., French, D. N., Stevenson, E., & St Clair Gibson, A. (2008). Acute milk-based protein–CHO supplementation attenuates exercise-induced muscle damage. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 33(4), 775-783.
Coyle, E. F. (2004). Fluid and fuel intake during exercise. Journal of Sports Sciences, 22(1), 39-55.
Enoka, R. M., & Duchateau, J. (2008). Muscle fatigue: what, why and how it influences muscle function. The Journal of physiology, 586(1), 11-23.
Ferguson-Stegall, L., McCleave, E. L., Ding, Z., Doerner III, P. G., Wang, B., Liao, Y. H., Kammer, L., Liu, Y., Hwang, J., Dessard, B.M. and Ivy, J.L. (2011). Postexercise carbohydrate–protein supplementation improves subsequent exercise performance and intracellular signaling for protein synthesis. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 25(5),1210-1224.
Gandevia, S. C. (2001). Spinal and supraspinal factors in human muscle fatigue. Physiological Reviews, 81(4), 1725-1789.
Gilson, S. F., Saunders, M. J., Moran, C. W., Moore, R. W., Womack, C. J., & Todd, M. K. (2010). Effects of chocolate milk consumption on markers of muscle recovery following soccer training: a randomized cross-over study. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 7(1), 19.
Hartman, J. W., Tang, J. E., Wilkinson, S. B., Tarnopolsky, M. A., Lawrence, R. L., Fullerton, A. V., & Phillips, S. M. (2007). Consumption of fat-free fluid milk after resistance exercise promotes greater lean mass accretion than does consumption of soy or carbohydrate in young, novice, male weightlifters. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 86(2), 373-381.
Jentjens, R., & Jeukendrup, A. E. (2003). Determinants of post-exercise glycogen synthesis during short-term recovery. Sports Medicine, 33(2), 117-144.
Karp, J. R., Johnston, J. D., Tecklenburg, S., Mickleborough, T. D., Fly, A. D., & Stager, J. M. (2006). Chocolate milk as a post-exercise recovery aid. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 16(1), 78-91.
Luden, N. D., Saunders, M. J., & Todd, M. K. (2007). Postexercise carbohydrate-protein-antioxidant ingestion decreases plasma creatine kinase and muscle soreness. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 17(1), 109-123.
Lunn, W. R., Pasiakos, S. M., Colletto, M. R., Karfonta, K. E., Carbone, J. W., Anderson, J. M., & Rodriguez, N. R. (2012). Chocolate milk and endurance exercise recovery: protein balance, glycogen, and performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 44(4), 682-691.
Pritchett, K., Bishop, P., Pritchett, R., Green, M., & Katica, C. (2009). Acute effects of chocolate milk and a commercial recovery beverage on postexercise recovery indices and endurance cycling performance. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 34(6), 1017-1022.
Rao, T. S., Asha, M. R., Ramesh, B. N., & Rao, K. J. (2008). Understanding nutrition, depression and mental illnesses. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 50(2), 77.
Roy, B. D. (2008). Milk: the new sports drink? A Review. Journal of The International Society of Sports Nutrition, 5(1), 15.
Saunders, M. J., Kane, M. D., & Todd, M. K. (2004). Effects of a carbohydrate-protein beverage on cycling endurance and muscle damage. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 36(7), 1233-1238.
Shirreffs, S. M., Armstrong, L. E., & Cheuvront, S. N. (2004). Fluid and electrolyte needs for preparation and recovery from training and competition. Journal of Sports Sciences, 22(1), 57-63.
Shirreffs, S. M., Watson, P., & Maughan, R. J. (2007). Milk as an
In-Text Citation: (Shalan, Shari, Rahim, & Ahmad, 2019)
To Cite this Article: Shalan, N. A. A. M., Shari, N. A. I. M., Rahim, N. A., & Ahmad, H. (2019). Effect of Post-Exercise Chocolate Milk Consumption on Subsequent Exercise Performance and Mood State. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(6), 451–461.
Copyright: © 2019 The Author(s)
Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode