ISSN: 2226-6348
Open access
The translation of poetry,as a special type of aesthetic function of language, is always regarded as more perplexing than the translation of any other texts. There has always been much dispute about methods that can be employedto preserve the poet`s message and the uniqueness of the style in order to generate equivalent effects in the target language. Someof the numerous problems a translator encounters during the processare due to the application of linguistic tools which areundeniably intertwined withlanguage and culture. Poetryentails linguistic subtleties such as collocations with sublime concepts prone to effacementthrough translation. The point is that collocations are structurally and conceptually language and culture specific and a translator should deal with them precisely so as to maintain cultural and aesthetic values. The present study sought to comparelexical collocations in selected poems from Divan-e Hafiz and the corresponding translations made by A. J. Arberry (1905–1969) and H. W.Clarke (1840-1905)in order todiscover the most common techniques the two translators employedand to reveal the merits and flaws pertaining to each technique.This paper explored that religious, cultural and semantic collocations are respectively the most difficult types of word combinations for translators to accomplish the process. It further illustrated that the most frequent approach taken by the two translators were word for word translation and,in some cases, reduction of the lexical relationship to minimize distorting the form, stylistic and semantic features of poems while creating equivalent effects in the TL.
Arberry, A. J. (1947). Poems from the divan of Hafiz. (Eng. Tr. Divan-e-Hafiz). Cambridge.
Addison, J. C. (1983). Lexical collocation and topic occurrence in well-written editorials: astudy in form. In A. E. Fantini (Ed.), The Growth of Word Meaning (pp. 69-91). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Baker, M. (1992). In other words: A coursebook on translation. London: Routledge.
Benson, M. (1989). The structure of the collocationaldictionary.International Journal of Lexicography, 2(1), 1-14.
Carter, R. (1998). Vocabulary.Applied linguistic perspectives (2nd Ed.). London: Routledge.
Clarke, H. W. (1881). The divan-i-Hafiz,(Eng. Tr. Divan-e-Hafiz).The office, Board of Examiners, Elysium Row.(Ed by Major H. S. Jarrett). Calcutta.
Cruse, D. A. (1986). Lexical semantics. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Dechert, H. W., &Lennon, P. (1989). Collocational blends of advanced second language learners: A preliminary analysis. Contrastive pragmatics, 131-168.
Firth, J. R. (1968). Descriptive linguistics and the study of English.Selected papers of JR Firth (1952-59), 96-13.
Gitsaki, C. (1996). The development of ESL collocationalknowledge.University of Queensland, Bangor.
Halliday, M. A. K., &Hasan, R. (Eds.) (1976). Cohesion in English (English Language). Essex: Longman.
Herbst, T. (1996). What are collocations: sandy beaches or false teeth? English Studies 77(4), 379-393.
Lyons, J. (1977). Semantics (Vol. 2). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Mollanazar, H. (1990). The role of collocation in translation, Unpublished. TarbiyatModarres University, Tehran.
Nattinger, J. R., & DeCarrico, J. S. (1992).Lexical phrases and language teaching. New York: Oxford University Press.
Newmark, P. (1981). Approaches to translation. Oxford: Pergamon.
Newmark, P. (1988). A textbook of translation. New York: Prentice Hall.
Shahriari, Z. (1997). The restrictions of lexical collocations and translation.Islamic Azad University, Tehran.
Sinclair, J. (1991). Corpus, concordance, collocation. New York: Oxford University Press.
Stubbs, M. (1995). Collocations and semantic profiles: On the cause of the trouble with quantitative studies. Functions of Language, 2(1), 23-55.
In-Text Citation: (Behnam & Nosratzadegan, 2014)
To Cite this Article: Behnam, B., & Nosratzadegan, N. (2014). An Analysis of the Strategies Used in English Translation of Lexical Collocations in Divan-e Hafiz. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 3(1), 168–182.
Copyright: © 2014 The Author(s)
Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode