Journal Screenshot

International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development

Open Access Journal

ISSN: 2226-6348

Systematic Review on Speaking Skill Teaching Approaches in the ESL / EFL Classroom: Before and During Covid 19

Hooi Sieng Liew, Azlina Abdul Aziz

http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARPED/v11-i1/11677

Open access

Despite its significance, speaking skill is often neglected in ESL/EFL classroom as most educators and learners find it challenging. It becomes more challenging with the strike of global crisis Covid 19 due to the forced remote teaching and learning. This study reviews the teaching approaches that are effective to enhance speaking skill among ESL/EFL speakers. It aims to systematically review the developments of teaching approaches that can be used to enhance learners’ speaking skill and highlight the trends that began in the strike of pandemic covid 19. This systematic review is conducted based on the five steps proposed by Khan et al (2003). Articles were explored based on the application of selected keywords on various data base. A total of 15 related articles were identified, where 5 of them are conducted during the pandemic. Data were analyzed and tabulated in findings. Result shows that task-based approach and present, practice and produce approach are effective to enhance speaking skill. Meanwhile role play and information gap are most popular intervention used in task-based approach. Result also indicates that speaking skill teaching approaches used before the pandemic is transferable to be applied in remote teaching during the pandemic.

Abdurahmonova, R. I. (2021). METHODS TO DEVELOP SPEAKING SKILLS IN MODERN PEDAGOGY. Academic research in educational sciences, 2(3).
Adiantika, H. N., & Purnomo, H. (2018). The implementation of task-based instruction in EFL
teaching speaking skill. Indonesian EFL Journal, 4(2), 12-22.
Afifah, N., & Devana, T. (2020). Speaking Skill through Task Based Learning in English Foreign Language Classroom. Jo-ELT (Journal of English Language Teaching) Fakultas Pendidikan Bahasa & Seni Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris IKIP, 7(2), 135-144.
Ahmad, M. K., Adnan, A. H. M., Azamri, N. M., Idris, K. B., Norafand, N. N., & Ishak, N. I. (2019). Education 4.0 technologies for English language teaching and learning in the Malaysian context. In MNNF Network (Ed.), Proceedings of the International Invention, Innovative & Creative (InIIC) Conference, Series 2/2019 (pp. 6-16). Senawang: MNNF Network.
Ahmed, M. K. (2018). Pedagogy in speaking: Challenges addressed by teacher-student in the
ESL context. International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature, 7(3), 97-107.
Akçay?r, G., & Akçay?r, M. (2018). The flipped classroom: A review of its advantages and challenges. Computers & Education, 126, 334-345.
Al-Tamimi, N. O. M., & Attamimi, R. A. (2014). Effectiveness of cooperative learning in
enhancing speaking skills and attitudes towards learning English. International Journal of Linguistics, 6(4), 27.
Ali, M. M., Khizar, N. U., Yaqub, H., Afzaal, J., & Shahid, A. (2020). Investigating Speaking Skills Problems of Pakistani Learners in ESL Context. International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature, 9(4), 62-70.
Aliakbari, M., & Jamalvandi, B. (2010). The Impact of" Role Play" on Fostering EFL Learners'
Speaking Ability: A Task-Based Approach. Journal of Pan-Pacific Association of Applied Linguistics, 14(1), 15-29.
Amir, L. R., Tanti, I., Maharani, D. A., Wimardhani, Y. S., Julia, V., Sulijaya, B., &
Puspitawati, R. (2020). Student perspective of classroom and distance learning during COVID-19 pandemic in the undergraduate dental study program Universitas Indonesia. BMC medical education, 20(1), 1-8.
Amiri, F., Jahedi, M., & Othman, M. (2017). A case study of the development of an ESL
learner's speaking skills through instructional debate. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 7(2), 120-126.
Ansori, I. B. (2021). Using Story Telling Technique To Improve Students' Speaking Skills (A
Classroom Action Research at 2nd Grade MA Al-Rahmah Walantaka Serang) (Doctoral dissertation, UIN SMH BANTEN).
Apak, J., Taat, M. S., & Suki, N. M. (2021). Measuring Teacher Creativity-Nurturing Behavior
and Readiness for 21st Century Classroom Management. International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education (IJICTE), 17(3), 52-67.
Apriliadi, F. Learning of Speaking Model Development with PPP (Presentation, Practice and
Product) Approach Implying Values of Character.
ArbainA., & NurD. R. (2017). Techniques for Teaching Speaking Skill in Widya Gama
Mahakam University. Script Journal: Journal of Linguistics and English Teaching, 2(1), 13-25. https://doi.org/10.24903/sj.v2i1.80
Arulchelvan, P., & Yunus, M. M. (2020). WHATSPEAK: Audiovisual Digital Assessment in
Enhancing Confident and Independent Speaking Skills. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(7), 2816-2824.
Azlan, N. A. B., Zakaria, S. B., & Yunus, M. M. (2019). Integrative task-based learning:
Developing speaking skill and increase motivation via Instagram. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(1), 620-636.
Bai, B., & Yuan, R. (2019). EFL teachers’ beliefs and practices about pronunciation teaching. ELT Journal, 73(2), 134-143.
Bao, W. (2020). COVID?19 and online teaching in higher education: A case study of Peking
University. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2(2), 113-115.
Barman, B. (2012). The linguistic philosophy of Noam Chomsky. Philosophy and Progress,
103-122.
Ben, W., Rebecca, E., & John, P. (2020) Pandemic politics, pedagogies and practices: digital technologies and distance education during the coronavirus emergency, Learning, Media and Technology, 45:2, 107-114, DOI:10.1080/17439884.2020.1761641
Bin-Hady, W. R. (2020). Teaching speaking skill to EFL college students through task-based
approach: problems and improvement. British Journal of English Linguistics, 8(2), 113-130.
Brown, H. D. (2007). Teaching by Principles. (3rd ed.). London: Longman
Bui, T. L. D., & Newton, J. (2021). PPP in action: Insights from primary EFL lessons in
Vietnam. Language Teaching for Young Learners, 3(1), 93-116.
Bujang, S. D. A., Selamat, A., Krejcar, O., Maresova, P., & Nguyen, N. T. (2020). Digital
Learning Demand for Future Education 4.0—Case Studies at Malaysia Education Institutions. Informatics, 7(2), 13.doi:10.3390/informatics7020013
Burgess, S., & Sievertsen, H. H. (2020, April 01). The impact of COVID-19 on education. Retrieved from https://voxeu.org/article/impact-covid-19-education
Bygate, M. (2003). Speaking. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Cangelosi, J. S. (2013). Classroom management strategies: Gaining and maintaining students' cooperation. John Wiley & Sons.
Chomsky, N. (2014). Aspects of the Theory of Syntax (Vol. 11). MIT press.
Ekmekçi, E. (2016). Comparison of Native and Non-Native English Language Teachers' Evaluation of EFL Learners' Speaking Skills: Conflicting or Identical Rating Behaviour?. English Language Teaching, 9(5), 98-105.
Ellis, R. (2003). Task-based language learning and teaching. Oxford University Press.
Escamilla, K., & Grassi, E. (2015). A brief description of second language acquisition.
Fahrudin, S. H., & Winarni, R. (2021, March). Analysis of Learning Speaking Skills Using the
WhatsApp Application in Elementary Schools. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1808, No. 1, p. 012033). IOP Publishing.
Flack, C. B., Walker, L., Bickerstaff, A., Earle, H., & Margetts, C. (2020). Educator perspectives on the impact of COVID-19 on teaching and learning in Australia and New Zealand. Melbourne, Australia: Pivot Professional Learning.
Fisk, P. (2017). Education 4.0 … the future of learning will be dramatically different, in school and throughout life. Retrieved from http://www.thegeniusworks.com/2017/01/future-education-young-everyone-taught-together/
Götz, Sandra & Schilk, Marco. (2011). Formulaic sequences in spoken ENL, ESL and EFL.
10.1075/scl.44.05sch.
Hadijah, S. (2014). Investigating the problems of English speaking of the students of Islamic
boarding school program at Stain Samarinda. Dinamika Ilmu: Jurnal Pendidikan, 14(2), 240-247.
Hans, A., & Hans, M. E. (2017). Classroom management is prerequisite for effective teaching.
Hinkel, E. (2006). Current Perspectives on Teaching the Four Skills. TESOL Quarterly, 40(1),
109.
Isda, I. D., Purwati, P., & Imran, I. (2021). THE EFFECT OF USING BLENDED LEARNING
MODEL ON ENHANCING STUDENTS'SPEAKING SKILL IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLS. Journal of Languages and Language Teaching, 9(1), 92-98.
Jalaluddin, M. (2016). Using YouTube to enhance speaking skills in ESL classroom. English
for Specific Purposes World, 17(50), 1-4.
Jebur, M. S. (2020). The Use of Mobile –Assisted Language Learning (MALL) by Iraqi EFL College Students’ and their Attitudes Towards it. Journal of University of Babylon for Humanities, 28(2), 150 - 160.
John, E., Rangasamy, D., Indiran, D., Adickalam, E. R., Kashinathan, S., & Hashim, H. (2021). Language Learning Strategies Used by Form 4 Esl Learners to Develop Speaking Skills. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 11(6), 1547–1562.
Kathirvel, K., & Hashim, H. (2020). The Use of Audio-Visual Materials as Strategies to
Enhance Speaking Skills among ESL Young Learners. Creative Education, 11(12), 2599.
Khan, K. S., Kunz, R., Kleijnen, J., & Antes, G. (2003). Five steps to conducting a systematic
review. Journal of the royal society of medicine, 96(3), 118-121.
Khoshsima, H., & Shokri, H. (2017). Teacher’s perception of using ESA elements in boosting
speaking ability of EFL learners: A task-based approach. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 8(3), 577.
Kizi Khidirova, M. K., & Nashirova, S. B. (2021). Communicative Task-Based Approach in
ELT. Pindus Journal of Culture, Literature, and ELT, 6, 111-115.
Krebt, D. M. (2017). The effectiveness of role play techniques in teaching speaking for EFL
college students. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 8(5), 863.
Lathifah, Z. K., Helmanto, F., & Maryani, N. (2020). The practice of effective classroom
management in COVID-19 time. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(7), 3263-3271.
Leong, L. M., & Ahmadi, S. M. (2017). AN ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING
LEARNERS’ENGLISH SPEAKING SKILL.
Maarof, N. (2018). The effect of role-play and simulation approach on enhancing ESL oral
communication skills. International Journal of Research in English Education, 3(3), 63-71.
Madzlan, N. A., Seng, G. H., & Kesevan, H. V. (2020). Use of Video Blogs in Alleviating
Public Speaking Anxiety among ESL Learners. Journal of Education and e-Learning Research, 7(1), 93-99.
Malihah, N. (2010). The effectiveness of speaking instruction through task-based language
teaching. Register Journal, 3(1), 85-101.
Marzano, R. J., Marzano, J. S., & Pickering, D. (2003). Classroom management that works:
Research-based strategies for every teacher. ASCD.
Milman, N. B. (2012). The flipped classroom strategy: What is it and how can it best be
used?. Distance learning, 9(3), 85.
Mishima, M., & Cheng, L. (2017). The impact of a computer-mediated shadowing activity on
ESL speaking skill development: A pilot study. L2 Journal, 9(1).
Muhammadqosimovna, P. N. (2021). TEACHING SPEAKING SKILLS-OVERCOMING
CLASSROOM PROBLEMS. ResearchJet Journal of Analysis and Inventions, 2(05), 236-239.
Nordquist, R. (2019). What is English as a second
language? ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/english-as-a-second-language-esl-1690599
Nunan, D. (1989). Designing tasks for the communicative classroom. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Oliver, R. M., & Reschly, D. J. (2007). Effective Classroom Management: Teacher Preparation
and Professional Development. TQ Connection Issue Paper. National comprehensive center for teacher quality.
O?zen, H. & Y?ld?r?m, R. (2020). Teacher perspectives on classroom management. International Journal of Contemporary Educational Research, 7(1), 99-113.
Patrick, R. (2019). Comprehensible Input and Krashen's theory. Journal of Classics
Teaching, 20(39), 37-44.
Precintha Rubini, A., James, P. P., Yong, K. L., & Yunus, M. M. (2019). Hear me out! Digital
storytelling to enhance speaking skills. Int. J. Acad. Res. Bus. Soc. Sci, 9, 190-202.
Priya, M. L. S., & NS, P. K. (2020). TEACHING PHONETICS TO ENHANCE
PRONUNCIATION IN AN ESL CLASSROOM. Journal of Critical Reviews, 7(2), 6 69-672.
Rao, V. (2020). Trends in the Theories of Language Learning and Methods of Teaching
ESL/EFL/ESP. Journal for Research Scholars and Professionals of English Language Teaching, (19).
Rafsanjani, A. A., Suwandi, S., & Bharati, D. A. L. (2020). The Effectiveness of Role-Play
and Information-Gap in E–Teaching Speaking Skill for High-Low Self-Confident Students. English Education Journal, 10(4), 493-503.
Rizqiningsih, S., & Hadi, M. S. (2019). Multiple Intelligences (MI) on Developing Speaking
Skills. English Language in Focus (ELIF), 1(2), 127-136.
Safitri, H., Rafli, Z., & Dewanti, R. (2020). Improving Students’ Speaking Skills through Task-
Based Learning: An Action Research at the English Department. International Journal
of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 7(6), 88-99.
Setiawan, A. R. (2020). Scientific Literacy Worksheets for Distance Learning in the Topic of Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). doi:10.35542/osf.io/swjmk
Syafiq, A. N., Rahmawati, A., Anwari, A., & Oktaviana, T. (2021). Increasing Speaking Skill
through YouTube Video as English Learning Material during Online Learning in Pandemic Covid-19. Elsya: Journal of English Language Studies, 3(1), 50-55.
Silalahi, J. T. U., & Perdana, I. (2020, December). Utilizing V-log for Teaching Speaking
During Pandemic Covid 19. In Proceedings of International Conference on English Language Teaching (INACELT) (Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 91-100).
Tamayo Galvis, S. (2020). Implementing Activities Following the PPP Stages in a 10th Grade
EFL Class to Foster Speaking Skill.
Tejedor-Garcia, C., Escudero-Mancebo, D., Cardeñoso-Payo, V., & González-Ferreras, C.
(2020). Using challenges to enhance a learning game for pronunciation training of English as a second language. IEEE Access, 8, 74250-74266.
Togimin, N., & Jaafar, H. (2020). Role Play Activities: An Innovative Approach to Teaching
Speaking Skills in an ESL Classroom. LSP International Journal, 7(2), 19-36.
Uri, N. F. M., & Abd Aziz, M. S. (2018). Implementation of CEFR in Malaysia: Teachers’
awareness and the Challenges. 3L: Language, Linguistics, Literature®, 24(3).
Usmonov, A. (2020). Importance of speaking skill and its developing ways. ????? ???????
?????????? JSPI, 1-5.
Welch, D. E., & Welch, L. S. (2008). The importance of language in international knowledge
transfer. Management International Review, 48(3), 339–360.doi:10.1007/s11575-008-0019-7
Willis, J. (1996). A framework for task-based learning. London, Longman.
Yesilçinar, S. (2019). Using the Flipped Classroom to Enhance Adult EFL Learners' Speaking
Skills. PASAA: Journal of Language Teaching and Learning in Thailand, 58, 206-234

In-Text Citation: (Liew & Aziz, 2022)
To Cite this Article: Liew, H. S., & Aziz, A. A. (2022). Systematic Review on Speaking Skill Teaching Approaches in the ESL / EFL Classroom: Before and During Covid 19. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 11(1), 216–234.