ISSN: 2226-6348
Open access
Bullying behaviour is a social issue that particularly concerns school students. Bullying activities in schools are disciplinary problems that involve the problematic personality and behaviour of students that can affect the school environment. Thus, the objective of the study was to explore the factors of Malaysian school students involved in bullying behaviour. The study was conducted qualitatively using a case study research design. An in-depth interview with seven (7) informants was conducted using the snowball sampling technique. Semi-structures question was used during interview session. Data was obtained in the analysis by using thematic analysis. The results of the study found that the factors of students involved in bullying behaviour are personal gratification, family factors and home environment, prior experience of being bullied and peer influence. A holistic intervention, therefore, needs to be designed to ensure that students continue to excel both academically and personally to attain well-being for a more promising future.
Ahmad, A. M. S., Mohamad, A., Y., Mohd, Z. M. Z., & Fatimah, Y. H. (2021). Bullying in Malaysia: Its problem and solution from Syariah Perspective. Journal of Law and Society (JUUM), 29, 3-13.
Azizi, Y., & Abdul L. A. (2005). Teachers 'and students' perceptions of bullying behavior among students of Batu Pahat District Secondary School. Jurnal Teknologi, 43(E), 63-86.
Azizi, Y., Shahrin, H., Yusof, B., Jamaludin, R., & Ezzati, N. A. (2012). Behavioral Misconduct Adolescent Behavior Causes and Treatment. Johor: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Publishers.
Azlina, A. (2010). Themes and issues of research on social symptoms in the first decade of the 21st century Malaysia. Akademika, 78, 3-14.
Buch, R. D. (2012). Teachers’ perspectives on bullying: Understanding educational interventions. Master dissertation. Minnesota State University. Proquest Dissertations and Thesis.
Beeri, A., & Lev-Wiesel, R. (2011). Social rejection by peers: A risk factor for psychological distress.
Child and Adolescent Mental Health. 17(4), 216-221.
Beran, T. (2006). A construct validity study of bullying. Alberta Journal of Educational Research. 52(4), 238-47.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology. 3(2),77-101. doi:10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Caspi, A., Henry, B., McGee, R., Moffit, T., & Silva, P. (1995). Temperamental origins of child and adolescent behaviour problem: From age three to age fifteen. Child Development. 66, 55-68.
Daniella, M., Muhammad, F. A. H., Izzaty, N. Z. N. (2021). The influence of job demands
on workplace bullying experience among healthcare employees. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting Finance and Management Sciences. 11(3), 223-234.
Ely, Z. S., Marzuki, I., Sanjay, R., Rosnah, I., & Idzwan, M. Z. (2021). Workplace bullying among junior doctors in Malaysia: A multicentre cross-sectional study. Malaysia Journal Medical Sciences. 28(2), 142-156.
Garnefski, N., & Kraaij, V. (2014). Bully victimization and emotional problems in adolescents: Moderation by specific cognitive coping strategies. Journal of Adolescence. 37(7), 1153–1160.
Hassan, J., Abd Rashid, S., Sufahani, S. F., & Abd Aziz, M. K. N. (2016). Bullying among students
rural primary schools: a case study in the northern felda area of Kedah-Perlis, Malaysia. Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia. 30 (1) (2016): 113-125 ISSN-2289-8174.
Herni, R. I. R., Heny, H. A. & Dwi, N. R. (2014). The role of the five big personalities against bullying tendencies in adolescents. Jurnal Ecopsy, 1(3), 120-125.
Junainor, H., Salleh, A. R., Firdaus, S., & Kasturi, M. N. (2016). Bullying among students Rural Primary Schools: A case study in Felda Utara Kedah-Perlis, Malaysia. Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia. 30 (1), 113-125.
Mahmood, N. M. (1993). Educational Psychology. Kuala Lumpur: Fajar Bakti Sdn Bhd.
Ministry of Education Malaysia. (2016). Collection of Briefs on Basic Education Issues. In Wan Shahrazad,W. S., Nur Syahirah, J. & Mohammad Rahim, K. The influence of bullying behavior on mental health among school adolescents. Journal of Safety Psychology, 1, 87-105
Ministry of Education Malaysia. (2013). Malaysia Education Development Plan 2013-2025. Executive Summary.E34-E35.
Mohammad, A. J., & Sa’odah, A. (2019). Perceptions of academic stress and self -well -being in among university students in Serdang Selangor. Journal of Social Sciences (EDUCATUM), 5(1), 24-36.
Mohd, S. M., Nazirah, H., Nasrudin, S., & Muzamir, W. N. (2021). Relationship between psychological stress, anger and bullying behaviour among university students. Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia. 35(1), 14-24.
Mohammad, R. K., Azianura, H. I. S., & Daniella, M. M. (2020). Adolescent social symptoms: Bullying cyber. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Publisher: Bangi Selangor.
National Health Mobility Survey Malaysia. (2011). Metodology and General Finding, 10 January 2016.
Ngo, Y. Y., Nasharuddin, I. R., Muhammad, A. A. M. S., Fatin, N. S. A. H., Nasihah, N. M. R., Nurul, N. R., & Mohd, R. H. (2019). Symptoms of physical bullying are becoming more prevalent in schools. International Journal of Humanities, Management and Social Sciences. 29(1), 65-75.
Nur, S. A., Kurubaran, G., & Mohd, R. A. M. (2021). Prevalence of workplace bullying and its associated factors among workers in a Malaysian public university hospital: A cross-sectional study. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy. 14, 75-85.
Olweus, D. (1993). Bullying at school: What we know and what we can do. Cambridge: Blackwell Publishers, Inc.
Olweus, D. (1994). Bullying at school: basic facts and effects of a school-based intervention program. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 35(7), 1171-1190.
Ortega, R., Elipe, P., Mora-Merchán, J. A., Genta, M. L., Brighi, A., Guarini, A., & Smith, P. K. (2012). The emotional impact of bullying and cyberbullying on victims: A European cross-national study. Aggressive Behavior. 38(5), 342–356.
Sabramani, V., Idris, I. B., Ismail, H., Nadarajaw, T., Zakaria, E., Kamaluddin, M. R. (2021). Bullying and Its Associated Individual, Peer, Family and School Factors: Evidence from Malaysian National Secondary School Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 18(13), 7208.
Sabramani, V., Ismail, H., Idris, I. B., Kamaluddin, M. R., Rathakrishna, B., & Wani, M. A. (2019). Psychometric Properties of Revised Malaysian Bullying Questionnaire (R-MBQ). Int. J. Innov. Technol. Explor. Eng. (IJITEE). 8, 3049–3055.
Siti U., M. T. (2017). Qualitative Studies and Interview Analysis. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia:
Aras Publisher.
Smith, P. K., & Sharp, S. (1994). School Bullying: Insight and perspectives. London: Routledge.
Sokol-Katz, J., Dunham, R., & Zimmerman, R. (1997). Family structure versus parental attachment in
controlling adolescent deviant behavior: A social control Model. Adolescence, 32(125), 199-215.
Wan, N. H., W. A., Masnizah, M., & Fariza, F. (2021). Article Cyberbullying Predictive Model: Implementation of Machine Learning Approach 2021 Fifth International Conference on Information Retrieval and Knowledge Management (CAMP), Universiti Teknologi Mara. 65-69
Wan, S. W. S., Syahirah, N. J., & Mohammad, R. K. (2019). Behavioral influences bullied against mental health among school adolescents. Journal of Security Psychology. 1, 87-105
Yen, C. F., Yang, P., Wang, P. W., Lin, H. C., Liu, T. L., Wu, Y. Y., & Tang, T. C. (2014). Association between school bullying levels/types and mental health problems among Taiwanese adolescents. Comprehensive Psychiatry. 55(3), 405–413.
Yew, Y. N., Rosli, N. I., Salleh, M., A., A., Rosli, N., I., Abdul Hamid, F. N. S., Robi, M. N. N., Rosly, N. N., Husin, M. R. (2019). Symptoms of physical bullying are becoming more prevalent in schools. International Journal of Humanities, Management and Social Sciences. 2(1),65-75.
Zainol, A. I., Mohammad, N. B., & Mohd, N. S. (2017). Level of student disciplinary misconduct Kedah state schools. Journal of Social Sciences (EDUCATUM). 3, 41-50.
Zakiyah, J. (2004). The impact of home space environment on children's well-being. Paper work of the 2004 National Symposium on Child Welfare. Universiti Utara Malaysia: Sintok Kedah.
In-Text Citation: (Zaib et al., 2022)
To Cite this Article: Zaib, M. F. M., Akhir, N. M., Kamaluddin, M. R., & Yahaya, M. (2022). Bullying Behaviour Factors among School Students: Qualitative Evidence from Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 11(1), 571–584.
Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s)
Published by HRMARS (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode