Journal Screenshot

International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development

Open Access Journal

ISSN: 2226-6348

Exploratory Factor Analysis: Validity and Reliability of Teacher's Knowledge Construct Instrument

Wan Nur Fuziana Abdol Jani, Fazilah Razali, Normala Ismail, Nurkhuzaizah Ismawi

http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARPED/v12-i1/16236

Open access

The study aims to determine the instrument's validity and reliability in measuring the construct of teachers' knowledge. The cross-sectional survey research design used a quantitative approach, with pilot study data obtained from 100 primary school teachers of the Trust School Programmed in Selangor, Malaysia. The selection of the samples was based on a two-stage random sampling strategy. In this study, the teacher's knowledge instrument was used to measure teachers’ knowledge in implementing a cooperative learning structure. The Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) procedure was employed to identify the factor loading value of each item, as well as the number of components for the teacher's knowledge construct. The EFA results demonstrate three components for the construct of teacher knowledge with the eigenvalue of each component exceeding 1.0, i.e., content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge and technological knowledge. The reliability of the content knowledge component was 0.966, of the pedagogical knowledge component was 0.967 and of the technological knowledge component was 0.961. The total construct of the teacher's knowledge was 0.967. The entire construct of teachers’ knowledge achieved the requirements for the validity and reliability of the construct. The study’s instruments can be used by other researchers to measure the construct of teachers' knowledge in other contexts.

Awang, Z., Asyraf, A., & Mustafa, M. (2016). The Likert scale analysis using parametric based Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). Computational Methods in Social Sciences, 4(1), 13–21.
Awang, Z., Hui, L. S., & Zainudin, N. F. S. (2018). Pendekatan Mudah SEM. Structural Equation Modelling. MPWS Rich Publication.
Chua, Y. P. (2009). Advanced research statistics: Regression test, factor analysis and SEM analysis. McGraw-Hill Education.
Fraenkel, J. R., & Wallen, N. E. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education. In McGraw-Hill Higher Education (7th ed). McGraw-hill.
Glinel, C. (2020). Teaching 21st Century Skills: An Integrative Literature Review. [Doctoral dissertation]. Concordia University.
Hair, J. F. J., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed). Pearson Prentice Hall.
Idris, N. (2013). Penyelidikan dalam pendidikan (2nd ed). McGraw-Hill Education.
Mahendran, K., Adenan, N. H., Abd Karim, N. S., Adawiyah, R., & Md Junus, N. W. (2021). Analisis tahap pengetahuan pedagogi kandungan (PCK) guru: Analysis pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) level of the Mathematic trainee teachers. Jurnal Pendidikan Bitara UPSI, 14, 72–81.
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.37134/bitara.vol14.sp.8.2021
McMillan, J., & Schumacher, S. (2014). Research in education: evidence-based inquiry. Essex. https://eric.ed.gov/id=ED577250
Mindrila, D. (2017). Exploratory Factor Analysis: Applications in School Improvement Research. Nova Science Publisher.
Mishra, P., & Koehler, M. J. (2006). Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge: A Framework for Teacher Knowledge. Teachers College Record, 108(6), 1017–1054.
MOE. (2013). Malaysia Education Blueprint 2013 - 2025. Education, 27(1), 1–268.
Pamuk, S., Ergun, M., Cakir, R., Yilmaz, H. B., & Ayas, C. (2015). Exploring relationships among TPACK components and development of the TPACK instrument. Education and Information Technologies, 20(2), 241–263. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-013-9278-4
Patric, N., & Rosli, R. (2020). Pengetahuan Pedagogi dan Isi Kandungan Guru Opsyen Matematik dalam Pengajaran Topik Pecahan. Jurnal Dunia Pendidikan, 2(1), 92–101. http://myjms.moe.gov.my/index.php/jdpd
Razali, F. (2021). Exploring Crucial Factors of an Interest in STEM Career Model among Secondary School Students. International Journal of Instruction, 14(2), 385–404. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.14222a
Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of Innovations (5th ed). Free Press, New York.
Schmidt, D. A., Baran, E., Thompson, A. D., Mishra, P., Koehler, M. J., & Shin, T. S. (2009). Technological pedagogical content knowledge (Tpack): The development and validation of an assessment instrument for preservice teachers. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 42(2), 123–149. https://doi.org/10.1080/15391523.2009.10782544
Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research methods for business: A skill-building approach. John Willey & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1108/lodj-06-2013-0079
Shulman, L. S. (1987). Knowledge and Teaching?: Foundations of the New Reform. Harvard Educational Review, 57(1), 1–22.
Yatim, N. A. M., Peng., C. F., & Abdullah, Z. (2020). The level of Content Knowledge of Malay Language in primary school. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu, 10(2), 43–53.

In-Text Citation: (Jani et al., 2023)
To Cite this Article: Jani, W. N. F. A., Razali, F., Ismail, N., & Ismawi, N. (2023). Exploratory Factor Analysis: Validity and Reliability of Teacher’s Knowledge Construct Instrument. International Journal of Acdemic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 12(1), 944–953.