ISSN: 2226-6348
Open access
The aim of this study was to identify dyslexic students' reading mistakes in Malay words in accordance with Levinson's Dyslexia Syndrome Theory (1994). Four dyslexic students from Taman Tun Dr. Ismail, Kuala Lumpur, with a medium reading level in Malay, were the study subjects. Research data was collected using reading test methods, questionnaires, interviews and observations. The research tools included tape recordings, field notes, questionnaires and reading texts. Reading texts are used in reading tests to identify reading errors. The words listed in the reading text are selected according to the learning level of the study subject and the words have 24 syllable structures which are referenced from the Malay Teaching and Learning Guidebook for the Special Rehabilitation Program by the Special Education Division, (Ministry of Education Malaysia, 2019). The results of the analysis from the reading test found that the study subjects had the highest difficulty in spelling words with KVKK syllables that contain the combined consonants /-ng/, diphthongs, paired vowels and digraphs. Levinson (1994)'s Theory of Dyslexia Syndrome is used to analyze each reading error. The results of the analysis found that the study subjects conformed to the characteristics of Levinson's (1994) reading errors, namely elimination, transfer, insertion, substitution, reversal, guessing, except condensation. In the meantime, this study also discovered two other errors that are not within the scope of Levinson's Theory (1994), which are division and pronunciation-type reading errors.
Amirin, S. (2000). My LexicsTM: Edisi Bahasa Malaysia Modul 1-Modul 10. Selangor: Venton Publishing (M) Sdn. Bhd dan Persatuan Dyslexia Malaysia.
Awada, G., & Plana, M. G. (2018). Multiple strategies approach and EFL reading comprehension of learners with dyslexia: Teachers’ perceptions, International Journal of Instruction, 11(3), 463-476.
Beaty, J. J. (2009). 50 Early chilhood literacy strategies (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education.
Clay, M. M. (1991). Introducing a new storybook to young readers. The Reading Teacher, 45 (4) : 264-265.
Fletcher J. M., Lyon, G. R., Fuchs, L. S., & Barnes, M. A. (2007). Learning disabilities: From identification to intervention. New York : Guilford.
Foorman, B. R., & Moats, L. C. (2004). Conditions for sustaining research-based practices in early reading instruction. Remedial and Special Education, 25, 51-60.
Hamid, S. (1991). Pendidikan dalam politik di Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur : Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Husni, H., & Jamaludin, Z. (2018). Masalah pembacaan kanak-kanak disleksia: Bagaimana teknologi boleh membantu?. Kuala Lumpur : Institut Terjemahan dan Buku Malaysia.
Jamian, A. R. (2011) Permasalahan kemahiran membaca dan menulis bahasa Melayu murid-murid sekolah rendah di luar bandar. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu, 1 (1), 1-12.
Jan, G. L., Bouquin-Jeannes, R. L., Costet, N., Troles, N., Scalart, P., Pichancourt, D., Faucon, G., & Gombert, J. E. (2011). Multivariate predictive model for dyslexia diagnosis. Annals of Dyslexia, 61(1) :1-20.
Levinson, H. N. (1994). A Solution to The Riddle Dyslexia. New York : Springer-Verlag.
Lidwina, S. (2012). Disleksia berpengaruh pada kemampuan membaca dan menulis. Jurnal Stie Semarang, 4, 9-18.
Lonigan, C. J. (2006). Development, assessment, and promotion of pre-literacy skills. Early Education and Development, 17, 91-114.
Lyon, G. R., Fletcher, J. M., Torgesen, J. K., Shaywitz, S. E., & Chhabra, V. (2004). Preventing and remediating reading failure: A response to Allington. Educational Leadership, 61, 86-88.
Mather, N., & Wendling, B. (2012). Essentials of dyslexia assessment and intervention. Kanada : John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Nasir, N. S. A. (2019). Pembalikan huruf dalam kalangan murid disleksia. Serdang : Univesiti Putra Malaysia.
Suarez-Coalla, P., Villanueva, N., González-Pumariega, S., & Gonzalez-Nosti, M. (2016). Spelling difficulties in Spanish-speaking children with dyslexia. Infancia y Aprendizaje, 39 (2), 275–311.
Tamboer, P., Vorst, H.C. M., & Oort, F. J. (2014). Five describing factors of dyslexia. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 64 (5), 1-18.
Subramaniam, V., Wahid, P. R. A., Rahim, N. A., & Kunasegran, K. (2022). Kesalahan bacaan dalam bahasa Melayu oleh murid disleksia berdasarkan perspektif teori Levinson. Pertanika J. Soc. Sci. & Hum. 30 (2): 743 – 759.
Subramaniam, V., & Kunasegran, K. (2022). Kemahiran membaca murid disleksia dalam literasi Bahasa Melayu. Jurnal Bahasa, 22(2), 329?346. https:// doi.org/10.37052/jb22(2)no7
Walda, S., Van Weerdenburg, M., Van der Ven, A. & Bosman, A. (2021). Literacy progress in children with dyslexia and the role of attention, Reading & Writing Quarterly, JARO. DOI: 10.1080/10573569.2021.1897910.
(Nasir & Subramaniam, 2024)
Nasir, N. S. A., & Subramaniam, V. (2024). Reading Errors of Dyslexic Pupils in Malay Language According to Dyslexia Syndrome Theory. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 13(2), 322–333.
Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s)
Published by HRMARS (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode