Journal Screenshot

International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development

Open Access Journal

ISSN: 2226-6348

Potential Factors of Presenteeism: Job Demands, Work Engagement & Job Insecurity

Daniella M. Mokhtar, Mohd Syazwan Zainal, Mohd Haikal Anuar Adnan

http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARPED/v8-i4/6780

Open access

Presenteeism is a phenomenon that can potentially produce considerable risks for organizations. It had been researched that its negative outcomes are even greater than that of absenteeism. Therefore, the purpose of this cross-sectional study is to identify the potential factors that contribute to presenteeism, including job demand, work engagement, and perceived job insecurity as potential antecedents of presenteeism. Four hundred diplomatic officers were selected via convenient sampling from INTAN campus in Terengganu and Johor. They were given a set of self-report questionnaires containing the factors that were studied. The results of this study confirmed that presenteeism was significantly correlated with job demand (r = .39, p<.05), work engagement (r. =.29, p<.05) and a had negative significant relationship with perceived job insecurity (r = -.07, p<.05). Findings from this study can serve as a baseline for more research to be conducted in efforts to build high impact interventions to minimize presenteeism. Further discussions on findings are reported in the article.

Aronsson, G., Gustafsson, K., Dallner, M. (2000). Sick but yet at work. An empirical study of sickness presenteeism. Journal of Epidemiol Community Health 54:502-509
Hemp, P. (2004). “Presenteeism: at work – but out of it”, Harvard Business Online, October.
Johns, G. (2010). Presenteeism in the workplace: A review and research agenda. Journal of
Organizational Behavior 31: 519–542
Beaton, D., Bombardier, C., Escorpizo, R., Zhang, W., Lacaille, D., Boonen, A. (2009). Measuring worker productivity: frameworks and measures. Journal of Rheumatol 6: 2100-2109
Bergström, G., Bodin, L., Hagberg, J., Lindh, T., Aronsson, G., & Josephson, M. (2009). Does sickness presenteeism have an impact on future general health? International Archives Environmental Health 82: 1179–1190
Demerouti, E., Blanc, L. P. M., Bakker, A. B., Schaufeli, W. B., & Hox, J. (2009). Present but sick: A three-wave study on job demands, presenteeism and burnout. Career Development International, 14: 50–68.
Elstad, J. I., & Vabo, M. (2008). Job stress, sickness absence and sickness presenteeism in Nordic elderly care. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 36:467–474.
Fox, M., Dwyer, D., & Ganster, D. (1993). Effects of stressful job demands and control on physiological and attitudinal outcomes in a hospital setting. Academy of Management
Journal 36(2): 289?318.
Garst, H., Frese, M., & Molenaar, P. C. M. (2000). The temporal factor of change in stressor strain
relationships: A growth curve model on a longitudinal study in East Germany. Journal of
Applied Psychology 85: 417-438
Greenhalgh, L., and Rosenblatt, Z. (1984). Job insecurity: Toward conceptual clarity. Academy of Management Review 3: 438-448
Hirschman, A. (1970). Exit, Voice and Loyalty: Responses to Decline in Firms, Organizations and States. Harvard University Press. UK: Cambridge
Hobfoll, S. E. (1998). The psychology and philosophy and stress, culture, and community. NewYork:Plenum Books.
Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological Conditions of Personal Engagement and Disengagement at Work. Academy of Management Journal 33(4): 692-724
Koopman, C., Pelletier, K. R., Murray, J. F., Sharda, C. E., Berger, M. L., & Turpin, R. S. (2002). Stanford presenteeism scale: health status and employee productivity. Journal of Occupational Environment Medicine 44: 14–20
Luthans, F., & Youssef, C. M. (2007). Emerging positive organizational behavior. Journal of Management 33: 321-349
Maruyama, S., Kohno, K., & Morimoto, K. (1995). Effects of long working hours on lifestyles,
perceived stress and working-life satisfaction among white-collar middle-management employees. Japanese Journal of Hygiene 50: 849-860
Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. In S. T. Fiske, D. L. Schacter, & C. Zahn-Waxler (Eds.), Annual Review of Psychology 52: 397-422
Mauno, S., Kinnunen, U., Mäkikangas, A. (2005). Psychological consequences of fixed term employment and perceived job insecurity among health care staff. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology 14(3): 209-237.
May, D. R., Gilson, R. L., and Harter, L. M. (2004). The psychological conditions of meaningfulness, safety and availability and the engagement of the human spirit at work. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology 77: 11-37.
McClelland, D. C., & Burnham, D. H. (1976). Power is the great motivator. Harvard Business Review 54(2): 100-110
McDonal, D. J. & Makin, P. J. (2000). The psychological contract, organizational commitment and job satisfaction of temporary staff. Leadership and Organization Development Journal 21(2): 84-91
McKevitt, C., Morgan, M., Dundas R, Holland, W. W. (1997). Sickness absence and ‘working through’illness: a comparison of two professional groups. Journal of Public Health Medicine 19: 295-300
Meyer, J. P., & Parfyonova, N. M. (2010). Normative commitment in the workplace: A theoretical analysis and re-conceptualization. Human Resources Management Review 20: 283-294
Probst, T. M.

In-Text Citation: (Mokhtar et al., 2019)
To Cite this Article: Mokhtar, D. M., Zainal, M. S., & Adnan, M. H. A. (2019). Potential Factors of Presenteeism: Job Demands, Work Engagement & Job Insecurity. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 8(4), 900–911.