Journal Screenshot

International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences

Open Access Journal

ISSN: 2226-3624

The Impact of Remittance on Economic Growth and Unemployment in Nigeria, An Application Ardl Model

Abdirisak Mahdi Mohamed

http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJAREMS/v12-i4/18778

Open access

Remittances play an increasingly important role in the economics of many nations, contributing to economic growth and the well-being of less fortunate individuals, so that This study investigates the impact of remittance on economic growth and unemployment in Nigeria. In this study, all the data was collected from World Bank. And the paper is the secondary data together with an annual data from 1991 to 2020 for Nigeria which were used in this analysis. According to the review of the relevant literature, several studies have been used in Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) to determine the connection between variables. In this study, we analysed the data using the same model. We adopted the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to determine the connection between the variables in this study. In this paper, we concluded that the unemployment of the explanatory variable has a negative and significant impact on economic growth at 1% significance in the long run. In comparison, the interaction effect of the remittance and unemployment has a positive and insignificant influence on economic growth at a 1% significance level in the long run. Also, there is insignificance and negative effect of Government expenditure on the economic growth in Nigeria. In contrast, the labor force has a negative and significant impact on dependent variables. The blue line in the stability test does not cross the boundary, indicating that the coefficient is stable at 5% based on the CUSUM test. We found that the interaction effect of remittance and unemployment has a positive and insignificant impact on economic growth at a 1% level of significance in the long run, which means that if the interaction of unemployment and remittance increases by 1 percent then economic growth will increase by 11% in the long run.

Abrams, B. A., & Wang, S. (2006). The effect of government size on the steady-state unemployment rate: a structural error correction model (No. 06-05).
Adelegan, O. J. (2011). Infrastructure deficiencies and investment in manufacturing firms in Nigeria. Journal of Economics and International Finance, 3(9), 542.
Adeseye, A. (2021). The Effect of Migrants Remittance on Economy Growth in Nigeria: An Empirical Study. Open Journal of Political Science, 11(01), 99.
Adigun, A. O., & Ologunwa, O. P. (2017). Remittance and economic growth in Nigeria. International Journal of Research in Management, 7(6), 29-41.
Ahmad, N. A. (2012). Impact of Infrastructure on Trade and Foreign Direct Investment in Malaysia (Doctoral dissertation, Universiti Putra Malaysia).
Akinpelu, Y. A., Ogunbi, O. J., Bada, O. T., & Omojola, O. S. (2013). Effects of remittance inflows on economic growth of Nigeria. Developing Country Studies, 3(3), 113-122.
Akonji, D. R., & Wakili, A. M. (2013). The impact of net migrant remittance on economic growth: evidence from Nigeria. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 3(8), 303-315.
Akpakpan, E. B. (1999). The Economy: Towards a new type of Economics. Port Harcourt: New Generation Publishers.
Alleyne, D. (2006). Motivations to Remit in CARICOM: A GMM approach. Social and Economic Studies, 69-87.
Amassoma, D. & Nwosu, P.I. (2013). The impact of unemployment rate on productivity growth in Nigeria: an error correction modeling approach. International Journal of Economics and Management Sciences, 2(08), pp. 01-13
Asad, M., Hashmi, S. H., & Yousaf, S. (2016). Nexus between workers’ remittances, unemployment, labor migration and economic growth in Pakistan. International Journal of Organizational Leadership, 5, 360-379.
Aydas, O. T., Metin-Ozcan, K., & Neyapti, B. (2005). Determinants of workers' remittances: the case of Turkey. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 41(3), 53-69.
Babatunde, R. O., & Martinetti, E. C. (2010). Impact of remittances on food security and nutrition in rural Nigeria. Unpublished manuscript, Center for International Cooperation and Development, University of Pavia, Italy.
Bank of Nigeria (2012) CBN Statistical Bulletin
Barajas, A., Chami, R., Fullenkamp, C., Gapen, M., & Montiel, P. J. (2009). Do workers' remittances promote economic growth?. Available at SSRN 1442255.
Chami, R., Fullenkamp, C., & Jahjah, S. (2003). rAre Immigrant Remittances Flows a Source of Capital for Development. IMF Working Paper, WP/03/189.
Chipeta, C. and Kachaka W. (2004), ‚The Role of Migrant Remittances in an Unstable Economy: A Case Study of Malawi,? A Paper Presented to Global Development Network (GDN), Washington DC
Cox, S., & Cheyne, A. (1998). Measuring safety culture in the offshore environment. Offshore Technology Report. Health and Safety Executive.
Danmola, R. A., Abba, M. W., & Oladipo, K. S. (2013). Dynamics of the trade balance: An empirical investigation of Nigerian J-curve Hypothesis. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 7(4), 51-57.
Enisan, A. A., & Olufisayo, A. O. (2009). Stock market development and economic growth: Evidence from seven sub-Sahara African countries. Journal of economics and business, 61(2), 162-171.
Fayissa, B., & Nsiah, C. (2010). Can Remittances Spur Economic Growth and Development?: Evidence from Latin American Countries (LACs). Middle Tennessee State Univ., Department of Economics and Finance.
Gupta, P. (2006). Macroeconomic determinants of remittances: evidence from India. Economic and Political Weekly, 2769-2775.
Hagen?Zanker, J., & Siegel, M. (2007). The determinants of remittances: A review of the literature.
Jongwanich, J. (2007). Workers’ remittances, economic growth and poverty in developing Asia and the Pacific countries (No. WP/07/01). United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP).
Kingdon, G., & Knight, J. (2007). Unemployment in South Africa, 1995–2003: Causes, problems and policies. Journal of African economies, 16(5), 813-848.
Lopez-Cordova, E., & Olmedo, A. (2006). International remittances and development: Existing evidence, policies and recommendations. Occasional Paper, Inter-American Development Bank.
Lucas, R. E., & Stark, O. (1985). Motivations to remit: Evidence from Botswana. Journal of political Economy, 93(5), 901-918.
Mbutor, O. M. (2010). Can monetary policy enhance remittances for economic growth in Africa? The case of Nigeria. Journal of Economics and International Finance, 2(8) 156 – 163
Mim, S.B. and. M.S.B. Ali (2012) “Through Which Channels Can Remittances Spur Economic Growth in MENA Countries”? Economics: The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E- Journal, Vol. 6, 2012-33
Mohamed, S. E. (2009). Workers’ remittances and growth in MENA labor exporting countries. International Network for Economic Research Working Paper, 10.
Nyeadi, J. D., & Atiga, O. (2014). Remittances and economic growth: Empirical evidence from Ghana. European Journal of business and management, 6(25), 142-149.
Ojima, D., & Ojima, N. (2019). Credit risk and economic growth in Nigeria. European Journal of Business, Economics and Accountancy, 7(1), 74-85.
Oke, B. O., Uadiale, O. M., & Okpala, O. P. (2011). Impact of workers' remittances on financial development in Nigeria. International Business Research, 4(4), 218.
Osili, U. O. (2004). Migrants and housing investments: Theory and evidence from Nigeria. Economic development and cultural change, 52(4), 821-849.
Osili, U. O. (2007). Understanding migrants’ remittances: evidence from the US-Nigeria migration survey. Researching migration: Stories from the field, New York: Social Science Research Council, 3-14.
Ozei, H.A.; Sezgin, F.H. & Topkaya, O. (2013). Investigation of economic growth and unemployment relationship for G7 Countries using panel regression analysis. International Journal of Business and Social Science.4(6), pp. 163-171.
Pesaran, M. H. and Y. Shin. (1999). An Autoregressive distributed lag modeling approach to co integration analysis. In Econometrics and Economic Theory in 20th Century: The Ragnar Frisch Centennial Symposium (pp. 371-413).
Pesaran, M. H., Shin, Y., & Smith, R. J. (2001). Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships. Journal of applied econometrics, 16(3), 289-326.
Pierdzioch, C., Rülke, J. C., & Stadtmann, G. (2011). Do professional economists’ forecasts reflect Okun's law? Some evidence for the G7 countries. Applied Economics, 43(11), 1365-1373.
Sebil, O. O., & Abdulazeez, A. B. (2018). Impact of Remittances on Economic Growth in Nigeria. Economics Bulletin, 35, 247-258.
Siddique, A., Selvanathan, E. A., & Selvanathan, S. (2012). Remittances and economic growth: empirical evidence from Bangladesh, India and Sri Lanka. Journal of development studies, 48(8), 1045-1062.
Woodruff, C. M., & Zenteno, R. (2001). Remittances and microenterprises in Mexico. UCSD, Graduate School of International Relations and Pacific Studies Working Paper.
World Development Indicators DataBank. (2015). Worldbank.org. https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators
Yang, D. (2008). International migration, remittances and household investment: Evidence from Philippine migrants' exchange rate shocks. The Economic Journal, 118(528), 591-630.

(Mohamed, 2023)
Mohamed, A. M. (2023). The Impact of Remittance on Economic Growth and Unemployment in Nigeria, An Application Ardl Model. International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences, 12(4), 627-642.