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This study examines the verses of Surah al-Ikhlas according to the interpretation of Abu Mansur al-Maturidi in his exegetical work Ta’wilat Ahl al-Sunnah. In his commentary on the surah, al-Maturidi introduces the theological terms Rububiyyah and Uluhiyyah. The study uses the verses of Surah al-Ikhlas as the primary data and adopts a qualitative methodology through content analysis of classical Islamic texts (turath Islami) and library research. The objective of this study is to explore the meanings of Rububiyyah and Uluhiyyah as presented by al-Maturidi in his interpretation of the surah. The findings suggest that the term Rububiyyah refers to the concept of the oneness of Allah in His absolute power, whereas Uluhiyyah refers to the oneness of Allah in His essence as the One true deity. Although both terms convey the idea of tawhid (divine oneness), they differ in linguistic usage within the Arabic language. Furthermore, these two terms form the theological foundation of belief in the divinity of Allah, rejecting any form of shirk (associationism), whether in His Essence or His actions. Al-Maturidi’s theological approach to Surah al-Ikhlas aims to reinforce the creed of Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama‘ah regarding the doctrines of Tawhid Rububiyyah and Tawhid Uluhiyyah.
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