ISSN: 2222-6990
Open access
Ghana’s beverage-packaging sector faces mounting pressure to reduce plastic waste while maintaining operational efficiency. This study investigates how supply chain integration (SCI)—across internal, supplier, and customer interfaces—affects PET-specific environmental management practices (PET-EMP) in bottling and PET conversion plants. It also examines whether green dynamic capabilities (GDC) mediate these effects and whether regulatory pressure and market turbulence condition them. A cross-sectional survey of 170 plants in Accra/Tema and Kumasi was combined with 48 brand×city customer intercepts to link organisational practices with consumer outcomes. Using variance-based structural modelling and robust OLS estimations, the study finds that internal and supplier integration significantly enhance PET-EMP (? = 0.28, p < .05; ? = 0.22, p < .05), while customer integration is positive but not significant. The model explains 52% of variance in PET-EMP, confirming that coordination within and upstream of plants is pivotal for sustainable operations. When GDC is introduced, direct SCI effects attenuate and GDC becomes a strong predictor (? = 0.42, p < .001), indicating partial mediation and confirming that integration primarily improves environmental management through capability building. Moderation tests show that regulatory pressure amplifies the positive effects of internal and supplier integration, whereas market turbulence dampens the customer-integration effect. Plants with stronger PET-EMP demonstrate superior environmental performance, including higher recycled PET (rPET) share, greater PET recovery, and fewer effluent incidents (R² = .29, p < .01). At the consumer level, higher customer integration corresponds with increased return participation (? = 0.46) and rPET acceptance (? = 0.38), validating the downstream behavioural pathway. Overall, the findings reveal that capability-backed integration is a practical route to environmental improvement in emerging-market manufacturing. Internal and upstream collaboration yield the most consistent gains, regulatory enforcement magnifies these effects, and downstream coordination delivers results only when markets are stable. The study contributes to sustainability operations literature by specifying how and when integration fosters environmental performance, offering actionable insights for firms and regulators seeking to align plastic management with circular-economy goals.
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