Journal Screenshot

International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

Open Access Journal

ISSN: 2222-6990

Legal Protection for Online Consumers and Online Shopping Self-Protection Practices among Malaysian Higher Education Institution Students

Afida Mastura Muhammad Arif, Elistina Abu Bakar, Nurul Atikaf Daud, Syuhaily Osman

http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v11-i12/11885

Open access

Online shopping has shaped a new trend of getting consumer goods and services during the pandemic. However, online shopping has also recorded an increasing number of consumer complaints. Hence, this paper explores the legislative approach of consumer protection laws in protecting consumers in online transactions using a content analysis approach. The relevant provisions of several laws, including the Malaysian Consumer Protection Act, were analysed based on the current development to highlight online consumers’ legal protection. Additionally, a questionnaire survey was carried out among 400 respondents in the higher education institutions in the four zones of Peninsular Malaysia using systematic random sampling to determine the level of consumer self-protection practices in online shopping. The analysis of the laws revealed that the current consumer protection laws were inadequate in giving comprehensive protection for online consumers. The survey results demonstrate that while the overall findings show that consumers have high self-protection practices, the preventive measures and consumer redress dimension must be seriously considered since this dimension showed the lowest mean score. Therefore, the relevant ministry and NGOs should increase advocacy programs to motivate consumers to utilize the right to redress, and become empowered consumers to exercise self-protection practices.

Afida, M. M. A., Elistina, A. B., & Syuhaily, O. (2014). Perlindungan pengguna: Ke arah memperkasakan pengguna di Malaysia. Serdang, Malaysia: MACFEA.
Amin, N., & Noor, M. R. (2013). Online shopping in Malaysia: Legal protection for e-consumers. European Journal of Business and Management, 5(24), 79-86.
Amin, K. A. M. (2014). Consumer protection on online transactions in Kurdistan: Lessons from Malaysian law. (Master’s Thesis, Universiti Utara Malaysia).
Amir, A. (2020). CMCO sees dip in panic-buying spree. New Straits Times. Retrieved from https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2020/10/632974/cmco-sees-dip-panic-buying-spree.
Atikaf N. D., Afida M. M. A., Elistina, A. B., & Syuhaily, O. (2020). Determinants of self-protection practices in online shopping among the students of higher education institutions, Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Consumer and Family Economics, 25(S1), 91-110. Retrieved from https://majcafe-
com.bsenetwork.biz/2020/11/30/volume-25-s1-2020/
Azimon, A. A., Naemah, A. & Elistina, A. B. (2012). Celik undang undang: Sejauh mana kesedaran pengguna mahasiswa terhadap hak kepenggunaan dan hak membuat tuntutan. Prosiding Seminar Kebangsaan MACFEA ke-16, Palm Garden Hotel Putrajaya, 10-11 Julai.
Bank Negara. (n.d.). Tips on financial issues. https://www.bnm.gov.my/tips-for-consumers.
Bank Negara. (2007). Banking Info.
https://www.bankinginfo.com.my/pdf/internet_banking.pdf
Department of Trade and Industry. (2003). Comparative report on consumer policy regimes.
Daljit, K. S., Afida M. M. A., Elistina, A. B., & Husniyah, A. R. (2020). Barriers to consumer self-protection in the moneylending decision process in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Consumer and Family Economics, 25(S1), 41-66. Retrieved from https://majcafe-com.bsenetwork.biz/2020/11/30/volume-25-s1-2020/
E-Commerce Act 2006.
Elistina, A. B., & Mastura, A. M. A. (2020). Undang-undang pengguna di Malaysia. Serdang, Malaysia: UPM Press.
Elistina, A. B., & Naemah, A. (2012). The adequacy if remedies in consumer transactions: Special study in the motor vehicle repair and service industry in Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Consumer and Family Economics, 15, 39-53.
Guled, A. F., Mushtaq, A., Hassan, M., Jamshid, A. T., & Shahid, B. (2018). Online shopping behaviour among university students: Case study of MUST University. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 5(4), 228-242.
Hassan, K. H. (2012). E-commerce and consumer protection in Malaysia: Advertisement and false description. International Conference on Economics and Finance Research, IPEDR, Vol. 32(2012), 45-48. Singapore.
Hayati, W. N. W. A. (2016). Mudah percaya punca kena tipu. Berita Harian. Retrieved from http://www.bharian.com.my/node/133219
Howells, G. (2005). The potential and limits of consumer empowerment by information. Journal of Law and Society, 32(3), 349-370.
Ibarra, V. C., & Revilla, C. D. (2014). Consumer awareness on their eight basic rights: A comparative study of Filipinos in the Philippines and Guam. International Journal of Management and Marketing Research, 7(2), 65-78.
Jariah, M., Laily, P., Sharifah, A. H., & Doris, P. (2005). Kajian Profil Pengguna. Serdang: Penerbit MACFEA.
Jayabalan, S. (2012). E-commerce and consumer protection: The importance of legislative measures. Jurnal Undang-Undang dan Masyarakat, 16, 93–101.
Johnson, G. R. (2020). Student shopping statistics: where are UK students spending their money? Finder. Retrieved from https://www.finder.com/uk/student-shopping-statistics.
Kirillova, E. A., Shergunova, E. A., Ustinovich, E. S., Nodezhin, N. N., & Sitdikova, L. B. (2016). The principles of the consumer right protection in electronic trade: A comparative law analysis. International Journal of Economic and Financial Issues, 6(S2), 117-122.
Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30(3), 607-610.
Laily, P., Syuhaily, O., & Sharifah A. H. (2017). Pembentukan indeks pendayaupayaan pengguna Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Consumer and Family Economics, 20(S2), 81-105. Retrieved from https://majcafe-com.bsenetwork.biz/2018/07/30/vol-20-2017-edition-2/
Lee, M., & Johnson, K. P. (2002). Exploring differences between internet apparel purchasers, browsers and non-purchasers. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 6(2), 146-157.
Loh, M. (2020). MCO: Pos Malaysia says parcel volume rises but other businesses affected. The Edge. Retrieved from https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/mco-pos-malaysia-says-parcel-volume-rises-other-businesses-affected.
Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission. (2018). Internet users survey 2018. https://www.mcmc.gov.my/skmmgovmy/media/General/pdf/Internet-Users-Survey-2018.pdf
Marziah, M., Sabariah, Y., Shahariah, A., & NurAin, M. F. (2020). An insight into online shopping behaviour among young adults in Malaysia. Journal of Emerging Economies & Islamic Research, 8(1), 77–88. doi:10.24191/jeeir.v8i1.
McGregor, S. L. T. (2018). Status of consumer education and financial education in Canada. Canadian Journal of Education, 41(2), 601-632.
Micklitz, H-W. (2018). Consumer law in the digital economy. In Kono, T., Hiscock, & Reich, A. (Eds). Transnational Commercial and Consumer Law. (pp. 111-152). Springer.
Ministry of Domestic Trade and Consumer Affairs. (2021). Malaysian Consumer Empowerment Study 2019-2020. Retrieved from
https://ebook.kpdnhep.gov.my/ebook/doc/LaporanKajianTahun2020CEI/index.html
Nadason, M. (2020). FOMCA: Stop profiteering, enforce price controls. New Straits Times. Retrieved from https://www.nst.com.my/opinion/letters/2020/05/590031/fomca-stop-profiteering-enforce-price-controls
Nadiah N., S. T. Elistina, A. B., Afida M. M. A., Saodah, A., & Zuroni, J., (2020). The effect of intensity of consumer education, self-efficacy, personality traits and social media on consumer empowerment. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 44(6), 112-123. doi:10.1111/ijcs.12585.
Nadiah N., S. T., Elistina, A. B., Afida M. M. A., Saodah, A., & Zuroni, J. (2019). The intensity of consumer education and consumer empowerment among Malaysian consumers. Malaysian Journal of Consumer and Family Economics, 22(S2), 20-42. Retrieved from https://majcafe-com.bsenetwork.biz/2019/10/30/vol-22-s2-2019/
National Consumer Complaint Centre (NCCC). (2018). Annual consumer complaints report. National Consumer Complaints Centre.
Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric theory. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Organisation of Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2018). Toolkit for protecting digital consumers. OECD Publishing.
Organisation of Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2016). Consumer protection in E-commerce: OECD Recommendation.
https://www.oecd.org/sti/consumer/ECommerce-Recommendation-2016.pdf.
Ong, P. Y. C., Kuek, P. Y., & Gooi, Y. S. (2000). Malaysia: Fake goods epidemic during the Covid-19 global pandemic. Retrieved from https://www.mondaq.com/operational-impacts-and-strategy/962070/fake-goods-epidemic-during-the-covid-19-global-pandemic
Over 1,700 complaints over online shopping. (2020). The Star. Retrieved from https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2020/05/06/over-1700-complaints-over-online-shopping.
Pallant, J. (2013). A step by step guide to data analysis using IBM SPSS (5th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Shabana, N. A. (2016). Enhancing consumer protection for e-consumers in Malaysia. In Consumer Issues in Malaysia. In Nadason, M., Selva Raj, P. & Nadarajan, R.D. (Eds.), Consumer Issues in Malaysia. (pp. 252-267). Petaling Jaya: Consumer Research and Resource Centre.
Statista. (2020). Top 10 e-commerce sites in Malaysia as of 2nd quarter 2020, by monthly traffic. https://www.statista.com/statistics/869640/malaysia-top-10-e-commerce-sites/
TNB bill: Consumers can lodge claims with TTPM. (2020). The Star. Retrieved from https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2020/06/16/tnb-bill-consumers-can-lodge-claims-with-ttpm
Trade Description Act 2011.
Top 10 e-commerce sites in Malaysia as of 2nd quarter 2020, by monthly traffic. (2020). Retrieved from https://www.statista.com /statistics/869640/malaysia-top-10-e-commerce-sites/
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). (2015). Cyber laws and regulations for enhancing e-commerce: Case studies and lessons learned. Retrieved from
http://unctad.org/meetings/en/SessionalDocuments/ciiem5d2_en.pdf
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). (2017). Consumer protection in e-commerce. Intergovernmental Group of Experts on Consumer Protection Law and Policy Second session. Geneva, 3–4 July.
Wang, S., Cavusoglu, H., & Deng, Z. (2015). Early mover advantage in e-commerce platforms with low entry barriers: The role of customer relationship management capabilities. Information and Management, 53(2), 195-2016.

In-Text Citation: (Arif et al., 2021)
To Cite this Article: Arif, A. M. M., Bakar, E. A., Daud, N. A., & Osman, S. (2021). Legal Protection for Online Consumers and Online Shopping Self-Protection Practices Among Malaysian Higher Education Institution Students. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 11(12), 1449–1467.