Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice on Food Poisoning among Pre-School Food Handlers in Kelantan, Malaysia

Aarnisalo, K., Tallavaara, K., Wirtanen, G., Maijala, R., & Raaska, L. (2006). The hygienic working practices of maintenance personnel and equipment hygiene in the Finnish food industry. Journal of Food Control 17: 1001-1011
Abdul-Mutalib, N., Abdul-Rashid, M. F., & Mustafa, S. (2012). Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding food hygiene and sanitation of food handlers in Kuala Pilah, Malaysia. Food Control, 27 (2), 289-293.
Abushelaibi, A., Jobe, B., Al Dhanhani F., Al Mansoori, S., & Al Shamsi, F. (2016). An overview of food safety knowledge and practices in selected schools in the City of Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 10(15). 511-520.
Acikel, C. H., Ogur, R., Yaren, H., Gocgeldi, E., Ucar, M., & Kir, T. (2008). The hygiene training of food handlers at a teaching hospital. Food Control. 19(2);186–190.
Afifi, H. S., & Abushelibi, A. S. (2012). Assessment of personal hygiene knowledge and practices in Al Ain, United Emirates. Food Control, 25 (1), 249-253.
Aimi, M. M. Y., Nor, A. A. R., & Mainul, H. (2018). Knowledge, attitude and practice toward food poisoning among food handlers and dietetic students in a public University in Malaysia. Journal of Pharmacy and Bio Allied Sciences, 10(4): 232-239.
Akabanda, F., Hlortsi, E. H., & Owusu-Kwarteng. (2017). Food safety knowledge, attitudes and practice of institutional food handlers in Ghana. BMC Public Health, 17 (1), 1–9.
Al-Sakkaf, A. (2015). Domestic food preparation practices: A review of the reasons for poor hygiene practices. Health Promotion International, 30(3); 427-437.
Angeeta, C. (2012). Food Safety Assessment (Attitude and Practices) among Food Handler in School Canteens in Sabah. Available online at http://eprints .ums.edu.my (Accessed on 31st January 2020).
Ansari-Lari, M., Soodbakhsh, S., & Lakzadeh, L. (2010). Knowledge, attitudes and practices of workers on food hygienic practices in meat processing plants in Fars, Iran. Food Control, 21(3); 260–263.
Ba?, M., SafakErsun, A., & Kivanc, G. (2006). The evaluation of food hygiene knowledge, attitudes, and practices of food handlers’ in food businesses in Turkey. Food Control, 17(4), 317-322.
Booth, R., Hernandez, M., Baker, E., Grajales, T., & Pribis, P. (2013). Food safety attitudes in college students; a structural equation modelling analysis of a conceptual model. Nutrients, 5(2), 328-339.
Bryd-Bredbenner, C., Berning, J., Martin-Biggers, J., & Quick, V. (2013). Food safety in home kitchens: a synthesis of the literature. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 10(9), 4060-4085.
Buttriss, J., & Weichselbaum, E. (2011). Nutrition, health and school children. Nutrition Bulletin, 36(3), 295-355.
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017) Foodborne Germs and Illnesses. Food Safety. https://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/foodborne-germs.html.
Clayton, D. A., Griffith, D. J., Price, P., & Peters, A. C. (2002). Food handlers’ beliefs and self-reported practices. International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 12(1). 25-39.
Connelly, L. M. (2008). Pilot studies. Medsurg Nursing, 17(6), 411-412.
Chekol, F. A., Melak, M. F., Belew, A. K., & Zeleke, E. G. (2019). Food handling practice and associated factors among food handlers in public establishments, Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Research Notes, 12(1), 1-7.
Dong, T. T. M. (2015). The knowledge, attitude, and practice of consumers towards food safety issues: A review of Taiwan. International Journal of Research Studies in Management, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.5861/ijrsm.2015.976.
Food Standards Australia New Zealand. (2016). A guide to the food safety standard. Chapter 3. Autralia New Zealand Food Standards Code. 3rd ed.
http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/publications/Documents/Safe%20Food%20Australia/FSANZ%20Safe%20Food%20Australia_WEB.pdf.
Van Griethuijsen, R. A., Eijeck, M. W., Haste, H., Brok, P. J., Skinner, N. C., Mansour, N., Gencer, A. V., & Boujaoude, S. (2015). Global patterns in students’ views of science and interest in science. Research in Science Education, 45(4), 581-603.
Hassan, H. F., & Dimassi, H. (2014). Food safety and handling knowledge and practices of Lebanese University students. Food Control, 40,127-133.
Howes, M., McEwen, S., Griffiths, M., & Haris, L. (1996). Food handler certification by home study: measuring changes in knowledge and behaviour. Dairy Food Environmental Sanitation, 3, 208-214.
Huda, N. (2008). Tahap pengetahuan, sikap, dan amalan kebersihan dan keselamatan makanan di kalangan pengendali makanan di hospital [MSc dissertation, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi].
Illades, C. (2011). The Most Common Causes of Food Poisoning.
https://www.everydayhealth.com/digestive-health/the-most-common-cause-of-food-poisoning.aspx.
Jairath, N., Hogerney, M., & Parsons, C. (2000). The role of the pilot study: A case illustration from cardiac nursing research. Applied Nursing Research, 13(2), 92-96.
Maizun, M. Z., & Nyi, N. N. (2002). Socio demographic characteristics of food handlers and their knowledge, attitude and practice towards food sanitation: A Preliminary Report. Southeast Asian Journal Tropical Medicine Public Health, 33(2), 410-417.
Malaysia Statistic Department. (2010). Population and Housing Census of Malaysia 2000 (Population distribution by local authority areas and mukims).
Manning, C. K., & Snider, O. S. (1993). Temporary public eating places: food safety knowledge, attitudes and practices. Journal of Environmental Health. 56, 24-28.
Marthur, P. (2011). Hand hygiene: back to the basics of infection control. Indian J Medical Research. 134, 611-620.
Martins, R. B., Hogg, T., & Otero, J. G. (2012). food handlers’ knowledge on food hygiene: The case of a catering company in Portugal. Food Control, 23(1), 184–190.
Mathenge, J. M., Gicheru, M. M., Okemo, P. O., Nga’ang’a, P. M., & Mbaria, J. M. (2017). Food safety knowledge, attitudes and practices among food handlers working in meat selling establishments in The City of Nairobi. The East and Central Africa Medical Journal, 3(1), 14-20.
Ministry of Health Malaysia (2007). Annual Reports 2004-2013. Planning Division, Health Informatics Centre, Ministry of Health, Malaysia. http:// www.moh.gov.my
Moy, F. M., Alias, A. A., Jani, R., Halim, H. A., & Low, W. Y. (2018). Determinants of self-reported food safety practices among youths: A cross sectional online study in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. British Food Journal, 120(4), 891-900.
Oliveria, A. S. D. S. S., Macedii, J. L., & Assunca, M. D. J. S. M. (2020). Enteroparasites in food handlers: An integrative review. Research, Society and Development, 9(1). 18.
Oteri, T., & Ekanem, E. E. (1989). Food hygiene behavior among hospital food handlers. Journal of Publish Health, 103, 153-159.
Ovca, A., Jevsnik, M., & Raspor, P. (2018). Food safety practices of future food handlers and their teachers observed during practical lessons. British Food Journal, 120(3), 531-548.
Rahman, M., Arif, M. T., & Bakar, K. (2012). Food safety knowledge, attitude and hygiene practices among the street food vendors in Northern Kuching City, Sarawak. Borneo Science, 31(September), 107-116.
Rosnani, A. H. (2015). Assessment on Food Safety Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Among Food Handlers in Restaurants, Putrajaya, Malaysia. [MSc disttertation. Universiti Putra Malaysia].
Rowell, A. E., Binkley, M., Thompson, L., Burri, S., & Al, C. (2013). The impact of food safety training on employee knowledge of food safety practices for hot/cold self-serve bars. Food Protection Trends, 21(2), 215-221.
Sa’ed, Z., Jawad, S., Kathem, I., Lina, A., Nawras, R., Ruba, S., Zain, S., Labib, S., Waleed, S., Rahmat, A., & Samah, A. (2019). Knowledge, attitude and practices among parents regarding food poisoning: a cross-sectional study from Palestine. BMC Public Health, 19(586). 10.
Sani, N. A., & Siow, O. N. (2014). Knowledge, attitudes and practices of food handlers on food safety in food service operations at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Food Control, 37 (March 2014), 210-217.
Sanlier, N., & Konaklioglu, E. (2012). Food safety knowledge, attitude and food handling practices of student. British Food Journal, 114(4), 469-480.
Serafim, A. L., Stangarlin-Fiori, L., & Hecktheueur, L. H. R. (2018). Food handling practices in food and beverage areas of hotels: Evaluation of improvements achieved versus financial investments. Food Safety Control, 38 (6), 1-11.
Sharif, L., & Al-Maliki, T. (2010). Knowledge, attitude, and practice of Taif university students on food poisoning. Food Control, 2(1), 55-60.
Sharif, L., Obadiah, M. M., & Al-Dalalah, M. (2013). Food Hygiene Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of The Food Handlers in The Military Hospitals. Food and Nutrition Sciences, 4 (3), 245-251
Siow, O. N., & Norrakiah, A. S. (2011). Assessment of knowledge, attitudes and practices (kap) among food handlers at residential colleges and canteen regarding food safety. Sains Malaysiana, 40(4), 403-410.
Soares, L. S., Almeida, R. C. C., Cerquiera, E. S., Carvalho, J. S., & Nunes, I. L. (2012). Knowledge, attitudes and practices in food safety and the presence of coagulase-positive staphylococci on hands of food handlers in the schools of Camaçari, Brazil. Food Control, 27(1), 206-213.
Sobri, N. A., & Rahman, N. A. (2016). Knowledge, attitude and practices on recycling activities among primary schools’ students in Hulu Langat, Selangor, Malaysia. Indian Journal of Environmental Protection, 36 (10), 792-800.
Suparmi, S., Desanti, O. I., & Cahyono, B. (2015). The correlation between knowledge and attitude on food colorant uses of PKK mothers in Penggaron Lor Village. Procedia Food Science, 3. 156-161.
Sybille, G. (2011). Data collection, quantitative methods: The KAP survey model. http://www.medecinsdumonde.org.
Tan, S. L., Bakar, F. A., Karim, M. S. A., Lee, H. Y., & Mahyuddin, N. A. (2013). Hand hygiene knowledge, attitude and practices among primary food handlers at primary schools in Hulu Langat district, Selangor, Malaysia. Food Control, 34(2), 428-435.
Teoh, P. Y. (2019). Food poisoning cases up by 24pc last year. New Straits Times, https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2019/07/504036/food-poisoning-cases-24pc-last-year.
Toh, P. S., & Birchenough, A. (2000). Food safety knowledge and attitudes: Culture and environment impact on hawkers in Malaysia. Knowledge and attitudes are key attributes of concern in hawker food handling practices and outbreak of food poisoning and their prevention. Journal of Food Control 11(6), 447-452.
Ventura, A. K., & Birch, L. L. (2008). Does parenting affect children’s eating and weight status? International Journal of Behavioural Nutrition and Physical Activity, 5(1), 1-12.
Yelmizaitun, O. (2009). Risk perception on food poisoning among community in Salor, Kota Bharu, and Kelantan. [Master of Community Medicine (Environmental Heath) Dissertation. Universiti Sains Malaysia].

In-Text Citation: (Hamzah et al., 2022)
To Cite this Article: Hamzah, N. A., Hadi, N. H., Abdul Samad, N. I., Anua, S. M., & Abdul Rahman, H. (2022). Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice on Food Poisoning among Pre-School Food Handlers in Kelantan, Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences. 12(7), 1855 – 1869.

Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s)
Published by HRMARS (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode