Journal Screenshot

International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development

Open Access Journal

ISSN: 2226-6348

Teaching Geometry Using Van Hiele’s Phase-Based Instructional Strategy

Nasir Ahmad Saleh Aldiabat, Wun Thiam Yew

http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARPED/v13-i1/20304

Open access

The purpose of this concept paper is to 1. emphasize the use of Van Hiele's Phase-Based Instructional Strategy in teaching geometry, 2. evaluate the advantages of using Van Hiele's Phase-Based Instructional Strategy in teaching geometry, and 3. highlight significant previous studies undertaken in this specific field. The researchers elucidate the significance of learning geometry, its intimate correlation with other fields of mathematics, and the challenges students face when delving into the subject. The researchers offer valuable pedagogical perspectives, comparing the conventional approach to learning geometry with Van Hiele's Phase-Based Instructional Strategy. As the literature indicated, the writers partitioned the crucial paper into three sections. Challenges faced by students in learning geometry in school, factors contributing to teaching difficulties in school geometry, and instructional strategy based on Van Hiele's phases. The literature presents several advantages of Van Hiele's Phase-Based Instructional Strategy. Teachers must be cognizant of the advantages of employing Van Hiele's Phase-Based Instructional Strategy when teaching geometry. Further investigation is necessary to broaden the scope of research in this domain, intending to identify efficacious educational approaches that promote the utilization of Van Hiele's Phase-Based Instructional Strategy in diverse mathematical areas, as well as in other subjects, including physics, science, computer science, and the STEM projects.

Abdullah, A. H., & Zakaria, E. (2013b). The effects of van Hiele's phase-based instruction using the geometer's sketchpad (GSP) on students' levels of geometric thinking. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 5(5), 1652-1660.
Abu, M. S., Ali, M. B., & Hock, T. T. (2012). Assisting primary school children to progress through their van Hiele's levels of geometry thinking using Google SketchUp. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 64, 75-84.
Ajai, J. T., & Ogungbile, T. (2023). Relationship between laboratory method of teaching, students’ attitude and gender on students’ performance in geometry. Journal of Research in Instructional, 3(1), 1-12.?
Akinsolu, A. O. (2010). Teachers and students' academic performance in Nigerian secondary schools: implications for planning. Florida Journal of Educational Administration & Policy, 3(2), 86-103.
Al-ebous, T. (2016). Effect of the van Hiele model on geometric concepts acquisition: The attitudes towards geometry and learning transfer effect of the first three grades students in Jordan. International Education Studies, 9(4), 87.
Ali, I., Bhagawati, S., & Sarmah, J. (2014). performance of geometry among the secondary school students of Bhurbandha CD Block of Morigaon District, Assam, India. International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, 3(11), 73–77.
Altakhayneh, B. H. (2021). The impact of using the van Hiele model in developing Geometric thinking levels among tenth grade students in Jordan. Journal of the Islamic University for Educational and Psychological Studies, 29(3), 838 -850.
Amazigo, J. C. (2000). Mathematics phobia: Diagnosis & prescription. National Mathematical Centre. Abuja, Nigiria. Retieved from
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=Amazigo
Antunovic-Piton, B., & Baranovic, N. (2022). Factors affecting success in solving a stand-alone geometrical problem by students aged 14 to 15. CEPS Journal, 12(1), 55-79.?
Armah, R. B., & Kissi, P. S. (2019). Use of the van hiele theory in investigating teaching strategies used by college of education geometry tutors. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 15(4), em1694.?
Armah, R. B., Cofie, P. O., & Okpoti, C. A. (2018). Investigating the Effect of van Hiele Phase-Based Instruction on Pre-Service Teachers' Geometric Thinking. International journal of Research in Education and Science, 4(1), 314-330.?
Atebe, H. U. (2008). Students’ Van Hiele levels of geometric thought and conception in plane geometry: A collective case study of Nigeria and South Africa. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003662.
Awad, F. (2014). The impact of the use of a combination of real evaluation strategies in the development of geometry thinking among tenth graders in Jordan and their tendency towards mathematics. Zarqa Journal of Research and Humanities Studies, 17(1), 251-274.
Awofala, A. O., & Lawani, A. O. (2020). Increasing mathematics achievement of senior secondary school students through differentiated instruction. Journal of Educational Sciences, 4(1), 1-19.?
Awofala, A. O., Arigbabu, A. A., & Awofala, A. A. (2013). Effects of framing and team assisted individualised instructional strategies on senior secondary school students' attitudes towards mathematics. Acta Didactica Napocensia, 6(1), 1.
Baah-Duodu, S., Osei-Buabeng, V., Cornelius, E. F., Hegan, J. E., & Nabie, M. J. (2020). Review of literature on teaching and learning geometry and measurement: a case of ghanaian standards based mathematics curriculum. International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research and Engineering (IJASRE), 6(3), 103-123.?
Bombio, W., & Del Rosario, A. L. (2022). English Language Proficiency and Geometric Proof Skills of Students. International Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, 2(2), 29-47.?
Bora, A., & Ahmed, S. (2018). Secondary school students’ attitude towards their learning geometry: A survey of DIphu Town secondary schools. International Journal of Research and Analytic Review, 5(3), 265 – 267. Retrieved from https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED590512
Bozkurt, A. (2018). Examining the accuracy and justification of geometric constructions made by pre-Service teachers with dynamic geometry software and the awareness they gained throughout the process. International Journal of Research in Education and Science, 4(1), 304-313.
Burger, W., & Shaughnessy, J. M. (1986). Characterizing the van Hiele levels of development in geometry. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 17(1), 31–48.
Chai, C. S., Koh, J. H. L., & Tsai, C. C. (2010). Facilitating preservice teachers' development of technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge (TPACK). Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 13(4), 63-73.?
Chew, C. M., & Lim, C. S. (2013). Enhancing primary pupils' geometric thinking through phase-based instruction using the geometer's sketchpad. The Asia Pacific Journal of Educators and Education (formerly known as Journal of Educators and Education), 28(1), 1-19.
Chiphambo, S. M., & Feza, N. N. (2020). STUDENTS’ ALTERNATIVE CONCEPTIONS AND MISUNDERSTANDINGS WHEN LEARNING GEOMETRY. A SOUTH AFRICAN PERSPECTIVE. In EDULEARN20 Proceedings (pp. 75-85). IATED.?
Cho, P. T., & Win, H. (2020). A Study of Misconceptions About Geometry in Middle School Learners. Journal of Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science: Methodology18 (9), 165, 182.?
Chua, G. L. L., Tengah, K. A., Shahrill, M., Tan, A., & Leong, E. (2017). Analysing students’ perspectives on geometry learning from the combination of van hiele phase-based instructions and geogebra. Proceeding of the 3rd International Conference on Education (pp. 205-213) Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Clements, D. H. & Battista, M. T. (1992), Geometry and spatial reasoning. In D. A. Grouws (ed.) The handbook of research on mathematics teaching and learning. New York: Macmillan.
Crowley, M. L. (1987). The van Hiele model of the development of geometric thought. In M.M Lindquist & A. P. Shutle (Eds.) Learning and teaching geometry, K-12. 1987 yearbook of NCTM (pp. 1-16). Reston, VA: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.
Fajet, W., Bello, M., Leftwich, S.A., Mesler, J.L., & Shaver, A.N. (2005). Preservice teachers’ perceptions in beginning education classes. Teaching and Teacher Education, 21, 717–727.
FengSer, P., Shaharom, M. S. N. B., Bajuri, M. R. B., & Chan, C. T. (2022). Pedagogical strategies using Van Hiele’s levels of geometric thinking in learning geometry among Malaysian year five students.? Educational Leader,10,13-29.
Feza, N., & Webb, P. (2005). Assessment standard, van Hiele levels, and grade seven learners’ understandings of geometry. Pythagoras, 2005 )62(, 36–47.
Findell, B. R. (2001). Learning and understanding in abstract algebra (Doctoral dissertation, University of New Hampshire, USA).
French, D. (2004). Teaching and learning geometry. A&C Black.?
Fuys, D., Geddes, D., & Tischler, R. (1988). The van Hiele model of thinking in geometry among adolescents. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education. Monograph, 3, i-196.
Guerriero, S. (2012). Teachers’ pedagogical knowledge and the teaching pofession. Background report and project objectives. Retreaved from oecd.org.
Hamzeh, M. A. W. H. (2017). Levels of geometric thinking according to the Van Hill model among students of a university class teacher Israa in Jordan. Hebron University Research Journal of Research and Reflection in Educational Sciences Vol, 5(5).?
Hassan, A. A. (2015). Effect of van Hiele’s geometric model on pedagogical abilities of nigeria certificate in education mathematics students in Niger state. Unpublished Ph. D thesis, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria.
Howse, T. D., & Howse, M. E. (2014). Linking the Van Hiele theory to instruction. Teaching children mathematics, 21(5), 304-313.?
Jaber, L. Z., Southerland, S., & Dake, F. (2018). Cultivating epistemic empathy in preservice teacher education. Teaching and Teacher Education, 72, 13-23.
Karjanto, N. (2017). Attitude toward mathematics among the students at Nazarbayev university foundation year programme. International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 48(6), 849-863.
Keiser, J. M. (1997). The development of students' understanding of angle in a non-directive learning environment. Indiana University.?
Kuzle, A. (2023). Geometry Teaching in Transition: An Investigation on the Importance of School Geometry in Primary Education. Center for Educational Policy Studies Journal.?
Ma, X. and Kishor, N. (1997). Assessing the relationship between attitude toward mathematics and achievement in mathematics: a meta-analysis. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 28(1), 26–47.
Mahwah N. J. (2007). Developing understanding of geometry and space. Lawrence Erlbaum Associations Orlando O FL. Academic Press. 137-168. Retrieved from htpp://arxiv.org/pdf/quant-ph/9806079pdf.
Malloy, C. (1999). Reflections on practice: perimeter and area through the van Hiele model. Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School, 5(2), 87-90.?
Mammana, C., & Villani, V. (1998). Geometry and geometry-teaching through the ages. NEW ICMI STUDIES SERIES, 5, 1-3.?
Mayberry, J. (1983). The van Hiele levels of geometric thought in undergraduate preservice teachers. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 14(1), 58–69.
MOHAMMED, J., & ZAKARIYYA, N. (2023). EFFECT OF VAN HIELE’S INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND ANXIETY IN GEOMETRY AMONG SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL IN KATSINA STATE, NIGERIA. GSJ, 11(8).?
Mohd Ayub, A. F., & Hock, T. T. (2019). Geometric thinking of Malaysian elementary school students. International Journal of Instruction, 12(1), 1095-1112.?
Moh'd, S. S., Uwamahoro, J., Joachim, N., & Orodho, J. A. (2021). Assessing the Level of Secondary Mathematics Teachers' Pedagogical Content Knowledge. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 17(6).?
Moore, J. (2004). Transformative mathematics pedagogy: From theory to practice, research, and beyond. In Preparing mathematics and science teachers for diverse classrooms (pp. 195-214). Routledge.
Muschla, J. A., & Muschla, G. R. (2000). Geometry teacher's activities kit: ready-to-use lessons & worksheets for grades 6-12 (Vol. 5). Jossey-Bass.?
National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (2020a). Catalyzing change in early childhood and elementary mathematics: Initiating critical conversations. NCTM.
National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (2020b). Catalyzing change in middle school mathematics: Initiating critical conversations. NCTM.
National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. (2000). Principles and Standards for School Mathematics. Reston, Va. NCTM.
Naufal, M. A., Abdullah, A. H., Osman, S., Abu, M. S., & Ihsan, H. (2021). Reviewing the Van Hiele Model and the Application of Metacognition on Geometric Thinking. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 10(2), 597-605.?
Ndagiwenimana, E., & Maniraho, J. F. (2022). The pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) of nursery school teachers in teaching and learning of geometry: A review of literature. African Journal of Educational Studies in Mathematics and Sciences, 18(2), 35-42.?
Noto, M. S., Priatna, N., & Dahlan, J. A. (2019). Mathematical Proof: The Learning Obstacles of Preservice Mathematics Teachers on Transformation Geometry. Journal on Mathematics Education, 10(1), 117-126.?
Oberdorf, C. D., & Taylor-Cox, J. (1999). Shape up! Children’s misconceptions about geometry. Teaching Children Mathematics, 5(6), 340–346.
Odili, G. A. (2006). Mathematics in Nigeria secondary schools; A teaching perspective. Nigeria (Nimo): Rex Charles and Patrick Ltd.
Ogundele, G. A., Olanipekun, S.S., & Kola, A.J. (2014). Cause of poor performance in west Africa School Certificate Examination (WASCE) in Nigeria. Scholar Journal of Art, Humanity, and social Sciences, 2(5B), 670-676.
Owolabi, O. T., & Adedayo, J. O. (2012). Effect of teacher’s qualification on the performance of senior secondary school physics students: Implication on technology in Nigeria. English Language Teaching, 5(6), 72-77.
Pegg, J. (1995). Learning and teaching geometry. In L. Grimison & J. Pegg (Eds.), Teaching secondary school mathematics: Theory into practice (pp. 87–103). London: Harcourt Brace.
Peker, M., & Mirasyedio?lu, S. (2003). To the mathematics course of high school 2nd-grade students. Pamukkale University Journal of Education Faculty, 14(14), 157-166.?
Recber, S., Isiksal, M., & Koç, Y. (2018). Investigating self-efficacy, anxiety, attitudes and mathematics achievement regarding gender and school type. Anales de Psicología/Annals of Psychology, 34(1), 41-51.?
Russell, B. (2020). The Principles of Mathematics. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203822586.
Salifu, A. S., Nabie, M. J., & Apawu, J. (2021). College of education pre-service teachers’ attitude in terms of usefulness, confidence and enjoyment towards Geometry by gender. Contemporary Mathematics and Science Education, 2(2), ep21012.?
Schoenfeld, A. H. (1983). Problem solving in the mathematics curriculum: A report, recommendations, and annotated bibliography. Washington, DC: Mathematical Association of America.
Senk, S. L. (1985). How well do students write geometry proofs? Mathematics Teacher, 78, 448–456.
Sherard, W. H. (1981). Why is geometry a basic skill?. The Mathematics Teacher, 74(1), 19-60.?
Shulman, L. (1987). Knowledge and teaching: Foundations of the new reform. Harvard educational review, 57(1), 1-23.
Siyepu, S. W. (2005). The use of van Hiele theory to explore problems encountered in circle geometry: A grade 11 case study. Unpublished master’s thesis, Rhodes University, Grahamstown.
Škrbec, M., & ?adež, T. H. (2015). Identifying and fostering higher levels of geometric thinking. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 11(3), 601-617.?
Stoker, J. (2003). An investigation of mathematics teachers' beliefs and practices following a professional development intervention based on constructivist principles (Doctoral dissertation). Curtin University of Technology, Perth.
Sulistiowati, D. L., Herman, T., & Jupri, A. (2019, February). Student difficulties in solving geometry problem based on Van Hiele thinking level. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1157, No. 4, p. 042118). IOP Publishing.?
Sunzuma, G., Masocha, M., & Zezekwa, N. (2013). Secondary school students’ attitudes towards their learning of geometry: A survey of Bindura urban secondary. General Journal of Education Research, 3(8), 402-410.
Szymkowiak, A., Melovi?, B., Dabi?, M., Jeganathan, K., & Kundi, G. S. (2021). Information technology and Gen Z: The role of teachers, the internet, and technology in the education of young people. Technology in Society, 65, 101565.
Tomlinson, C. (2000). Differentiation of instruction in the elementary grades. ERIC Digest. Retrieved June 19, 2007 from http://www.ericdigests.org/2001- 2/elementary.html.
Usiskin, Z. (1982). Van Hiele levels and achievement in secondary school geometry. (Final Report of the Cognitive Development and Achievement in Secondary School Geometry Project) Chicago: University of Chicago (ERIC Document Reproduction service Number ED220288).
Usman, H., Yew, W. T., & Saleh, S. (2019). Effects of van Hiele’s phase-based teaching strategy and gender on pre-service mathematics teachers’ attitude towards geometry in Niger State, Nigeria. African Journal of Educational Studies in Mathematics and Sciences, 15(1), 61-75.?
Usman, H., Yew, W. T., & Saleh, S. (2020). Effects of van Hiele’s phase-based teaching strategy and gender on pre-service mathematics teachers’ geometry achievement in Niger State, Nigeria. International Journal of Pedagogical Development and Lifelong Learning, 1(1), 1-8.?
Van Hiele, P. M. (1986). Structure and insight: a theory of mathematics education. Academic Pres. Inc: Orlando, Florida.

(Aldiabat & Yew, 2024)
Aldiabat, N. A. S., & Yew, W. T. (2024). Teaching Geometry Using Van Hiele’s Phase-Based Instructional Strategy. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 13(1), 495–508.