A Systematic Review of Transportation Rail Networks: Impacts on Urban Development and Sustainability

Ahmed, C., Jiang, H., Chen, J.Y., & Lin, Y.-H. (2018). Trac–related particulate matter and cardiometabolic syndrome: A review. Atmosphere, 9, 336.
Åkerman, J. (2011). The role of high-speed rail in mitigating climate change - the Swedish case Europabanan from a life cycle perspective. Transport Research Transport Environment, 16(3), 208-217.
Albalate, D., & Bel, G. (2012). High?speed rail: Lessons for policy makers from experiences abroad. Public Administration Review, 72(3), 336-349.
Albalate, D., & Fageda, X. (2016). High-technology employment and transportation: Evidence from the European regions. Regional Studies, 50, 1564–1578.
Anas, A., & Lindsey, R. (2011). Reducing urban road transportation externalities: road pricing in theory and in practice. Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, 5, 66–88.
Bel, G., & Holst, M. (2018). Evaluation of the impact of Bus Rapid Transit on air pollution in Mexico City. Transport Policy, 63, 209–220.
Blanquart, C., & Koning, M. (2017). The local economic impacts of high-speed railways: Theories and facts. European Transport Research Review, 9, 12.
Bourne, R.R., & Collaborators, G.R.F. (2016). Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2015: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. The Lancet, 388, 1659–1724.
Button, K. (2012). Is there any economic justification for high-speed railways in the United States? Journal of Transport Geography, 22, 300–302.
Campos, J., & de Rus, G. (2009). Some stylized facts about high-speed rail: a review of HSR experiences around the world. Transport Policy, 16(1), 19–28.
Cascetta, E., Papola, A., Pagliara, F., & Marzano, V. (2011). Analysis of mobility impacts of the high-speed Rome–Naples rail link using within day dynamic mode service choice models. Journal of Transport Geography, 19, 635–643.
Chang, Y., Lei, S., Teng, J., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., & Xu, X. (2019). The energy use and environmental emissions of high-speed rail transportation in China: A bottom-up modeling. Elsevier.
Chang, Z., & Zheng, L. (2022). High-speed rail and the spatial pattern of new firm births: Evidence from China. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 155, 373–386.
Chang, Z., Deng, C., Long, F., & Zheng, L. (2021). High-speed rail, firm agglomeration, and PM2.5: Evidence from China. Transport Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 96, 102886.
Chen, C.-L., & Hall, P. (2011). The impacts of high-speed trains on British economic geography: A study of the UK’s InterCity 125/225 and its effects. Journal of Transport Geography, 19, 689–704.
Chen, C.-L., & Hall, P. (2012). The Wider Spatial-economic Influences of High-speed Trains: A Comparative Case Study of Manchester and Lille Sub-regions. Journal of Transport Geography, 24, 89–110.
Chen, G., Yang, G., He, F., & Chen, K. (2019). Exploring the effect of political borders on university-industry collaborative research performance: Evidence from China’s Guangdong province. Technovation, 82-83, 58–69.
Chen, Q., & Wang, M. (2022). Opening of high-speed rail and the consumer service industry: Evidence from China. Economic Analysis and Policy, 76, 31–45.
Chen, Y., & Whalley, A. (2012). Green infrastructure: The effects of urban rail transit on air quality. American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, 4, 58–97.
Chen, Y., & Whalley, A. (2012). Green infrastructure: The effects of urban rail transit on air quality. American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, 4(1), 58–97.
Chen, Y., Wang, Y., & Hu, R. (2020). Sustainability by High–Speed Rail: The Reduction Mechanisms of Transportation Infrastructure on Haze Pollution. Sustainability (Switzerland).
Chen, Y., Wang, Y., Hu, R. (2020). Sustainability by high-speed rail: The reduction mechanisms of transportation infrastructure on haze pollution. Sustainability, 12(7), 1.
Chen, Z., & Haynes, K.E. (2015). Impact of high–speed rail on international tourism demand in China. Applied Economics Letters, 22, 57–60.
Chen, Z.H., Xue, J.B., Rose, A.Z., & Haynes, K.E. (2016). The impact of high-speed rail investment on economic and environmental change in China: A dynamic CGE analysis. Transport Research Policy and Practice, 92, 232–245.
Cheng, Y.S., Loo, B., & Vickerman, R. (2015). High-speed rail networks, economic integration and regional specialisation in China and Europe. Travel Behaviour and Society, 2, 1–14.
Chester, M., & Horvath, A. (2010). Life-cycle assessment of high-speed rail: The case of California. Environmental Research Letters, 5, 1–8.
Clewlow, R.R.L. (2012). The climate impacts of high-speed rail and air transportation: A global comparative analysis. Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Cornet, Y., Dudley, G., & Banister, D. (2018). High-speed rail: Implications for carbon emissions and biodiversity. Case Studies on Transport Policy, 6(3), 376–390.
Crawford, R.H. (2009). Greenhouse gas emissions embodied in reinforced concrete and timber railway sleepers. Environmental Science & Technology, 43(10), 3885–3890.
Dai, X.Z., Xu, M., & Wang, N.Z. (2018). The industrial impact of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail. Travel Behaviour and Society, 12, 23–29.
Dalkic, G., Balaban, O., Tuydes-Yaman, H., & Celikkol-Kocak, T. (2017). An assessment of the CO2 emissions reduction in high-speed rail lines: Two case studies from Turkey. Journal of Cleaner Production, 165, 746–761.
Daniel, J., & Bekka, K. (2000). The environmental impact of highway congestion pricing. Journal of Urban Economics, 47, 180–215.
Dean, J.M., Lovely, M.E., & Wang, H. (2009). Are foreign investors attracted to weak environmental regulations? Evaluating the evidence from China. Journal of Development Economics, 90, 1–13.
Dimoula, V., Kehagia, F., & Tsakalidis, A. (2017). A holistic approach for estimating carbon emissions of road and rail transport systems. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 16(1), 61–68.
Dobruszkes, F. (2011). High-speed rail and air transport competition in Western Europe: A supply-oriented perspective. Transport Policy, 18(6), 870–879.
Dong, L., Du, R., Kahn, M., Ratti, C., & Zheng, S. (2021). “Ghost cities” versus boom towns: Do China’s high-speed rail new towns thrive? Regional Science and Urban Economics, 89, 103682.
Feigenbaum, B. (2013). High-speed rail in Europe and Asia: Lessons for the United States. Policy Studies, 418, 1–39.
Feng, X. (2011). Optimization of target speeds of high-speed railway trains for traction energy saving and transport efficiency improvement. Energy Policy, 39(12), 7658–7665.
Fu, L., Hao, J., He, D., He, K., & Li, P. (2001). Assessment of vehicular pollution in China. Journal of Air Waste Management Association, 51, 658–668.
Fu, S., & Gu, Y. (2017). Highway toll and air pollution: Evidence from Chinese cities. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 83(5), 32–49.
Fu, Y.B., Liu, H.B., & Zhang, S.F. (2013). Calculation method for carbon dioxide emission in the life cycle of high-speed railway. China Railway Science, 34(5).
Gao, Y., & Zheng, J. (2020). The impact of high-speed rail on innovation: An empirical test of the companion innovation hypothesis of transportation improvement with China's manufacturing firms. World Development, 127.
Gao, Y., Su, W., & Wang, K. (2019). Does high-speed rail boost tourism growth? New evidence from China. Tourism Management, 72, 220–231.
Garcia, A.A. (2010). Energy consumption and emissions of high-speed trains. Transportation Research Record, 2159(1), 27–35.
Garcia-López, M., Hémet, C., & Viladecans-Marsal, E. (2017). How does transportation shape intrametropolitan growth? An answer from the Regional Express Rail. Journal of Regional Science, 57, 758–780.
Garmendia, M., Ribalaygua, C., & Ureña, J.M. (2012). High-speed rail: Implications for cities. Cities, 29, S26–S31.
Gillen, D., Levinson, D., Mathieu, J.M., Kanafani, A. (1997). The full cost high-speed rail: An engineering approach. Annals of Regional Science, 31(2), 189–215.
Ginés, de Rus. (2009). Economic Analysis of High Speed Rail in Europe. Fundación BBVA.
Givoni, M. (2006). Development and impact of the modern high-speed train: A review. Transport Reviews, 26(5), 593–611.
Givoni, M. (2007). Environmental benefits from mode substitution: Comparison of the environmental impact from aircraft and high-speed train operations. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 1, 209–230.
Gu, P., He, D., Chen, Y., Zegras, P.C., & Jiang, Y. (2019). Transit-oriented development and air quality in Chinese cities: A city-level examination. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 68, 10–25.
Guirao, B., Luis Campa, J., & Casado-Sanz, N. (2018). Labour mobility between cities and metropolitan integration: The role of high-speed rail commuting in Spain. Cities, 78, 140–154.
Guo, X., Sun, W., Yao, S., & Zheng, S. (2020). Does high-speed railway reduce air pollution along highways? Evidence from China. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 89, 102607.
Hall, P. (1998). Cities in Civilization. Phoenix Giant.
Hall, P. (2002). Urban and Regional Planning (4th ed.). Routledge.
Hall, P. (2007). Delineating urban territories. Is this a relevant issue? In N. Cattan (Ed.), Cities and Networks in Europe: A Critical Approach to Polycentrism. John Libbey Eurotext.
Hall, P. (2010). Think hub; think superhub. Town and Country Planning, 79, 463–465.
Hall, P. (2011). Power, money, and local transport the French way. Town and Country Planning, 80, 166–167.
Han, J., Hayashi, Y., Jia, P., & Yuan, Q. (2012). Economic effect of high-speed rail: Empirical analysis of Shinkansen’s impact on industrial location. Journal of Transportation Engineering, 138, 1551–1557.
Haynes, K. E. (1997). Labor markets and regional transportation improvements: The case of high-speed trains. Annals of Regional Science, 31, 57–76.
Hiramatsu, T. (2018). Job and population location choices and economic scale as effects of high-speed rail: Simulation analysis of Shinkansen in Kyushu, Japan. Research in Transportation Economics, 72, 15–26.
Hornung, E. (2015). Railroads and growth in Prussia. Journal of European Economic Association, 13, 699–736.
Hua, X., Lv, H., & Jin, X. (2021). Research on high-quality development efficiency and total factor productivity of regional economies in China. Sustainability, 13, 8287.
Huang, Y., & Wang, Y. (2020). How does high-speed railway affect green innovation efficiency? A perspective of innovation factor mobility. Journal of Cleaner Production, 265, 121623.
Jaffe, A.B., Portney, P.R., & Stavins, R.N. (1995). The economics of environmental regulation. Journal of Economic Literature, 33(1), 132–163.
Jani?, M. (2003). High-speed rail and air passenger transport: A comparison of the operational environmental performance. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit, 217(4), 259–269.
Jani?, M. (2011). Assessing some social and environmental effects of transforming an airport into a real multimodal transport node. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 16(2), 137–149.
Jeon, C.M., & Amekudzi, A. (2005). Addressing sustainability in transportation systems: Definitions, indicators, and metrics. Journal of Infrastructure Systems, 11(1), 1–31.
Jiao, J., Wang, J., Zhang, F., Jin, F., Liu, W. (2020). Roles of accessibility, connectivity, and spatial interdependence in realizing the economic impact of high-speed rail: Evidence from China. Transport Policy, 91.
Ke, X., Chen, H.Q., Hong, Y.M., Hsiao, C. (2017). Do China's high-speed rail projects promote local economy? New evidence from a panel data approach. China Economic Review, 44, 203–226.
Kiani, M., Parry, T. (2008). Environmental life-cycle assessment of railway track beds. Engineering Sustainability, 161(2), 135–142.
Kim, Y.-G., Kim, S.-W., Mok, J.-Y., Kim, S.-S., Kim, K.-H. (2007). Estimation of ride comfort for Korean high-speed train at high speed. JKSR, 10, 146–152.
Krmac, E., Djordjevi?, B. (2017). An evaluation of train control information systems for sustainable railway using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) model. European Transport Research Review.
Krugman, P. (1993). On the number and location of cities. European Economic Review, 37(2-3), 293–298.
Laumbach, R.J., Kipen, H.M. (2012). Respiratory health effects of air pollution: Update on biomass smoke and traffic pollution. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 129, 3–11.
Levinson, D.M. (2012). Accessibility impacts of high-speed rail. Journal of Transport Geography, 22, 288–291.
Li, H., Strauss, J., Hu, S., Lui, L. (2018). Do high-speed railways lead to urban economic growth in China? A panel data study of China's cities. Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 69, 70–89.
Li, J., He, H., Liu, H., Su, C. (2017). Consumer responses to corporate environmental actions in China: An environmental legitimacy perspective. Journal of Business Ethics, 143, 589–602.
Li, N., Chen, J.-P., Tsai, I.-C., He, Q., Chi, S.-Y., Lin, Y.C., Fu, T.-M. (2016). Potential impacts of electric vehicles on air quality in Taiwan. Science of the Total Environment, 566, 919–928.
Li, S., Liu, Y., Purevjav, A., Yang, L. (2019). Does subway expansion improve air quality? Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 96, 213–235.
Liang, Y., Zhou, K., Lin, X., Zhou, Z., Sun, W., Zeng, J. (2020). Effectiveness of high-speed railway on regional economic growth for less developed areas. Journal of Transport Geography, 82.
Lin, B., Jia, H. (2022). Does the development of China’s high-speed rail improve the total-factor carbon productivity of cities? Transportation Research Part D.
Lin, C., Liu, J., Li, W. (2021). Influence of the high-speed railway (HSR) construction on industrial structure transformation. Enterprise Information Systems, 3, 1–23.
Lin, Y. (2017). Travel costs and urban specialization patterns: Evidence from China’s high-speed railway system. Journal of Urban Economics, 98, 98–123.
Liu, L., Zhang, M. (2018). High-speed rail impacts on travel times, accessibility, and economic productivity: a benchmarking analysis in city-cluster regions of China. Journal of Transport Geography, 73, 25–40.
Liu, S., Wan, Y., Zhang, A. (2020). Does China’s high-speed rail development lead to regional disparities? A network perspective. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 138, 299–321.
Liu, S.F. (2015). An environmental impact comparative study of the Beijing Shanghai high-speed railway and highway infrastructure based on LCA. Southeast University (Chinese).
Luis Campa, J., Arce, R., Eugenia Lopez-Lambas, M., Guirao, B. (2018). Can HSR improve the mobility of international tourists visiting Spain? Territorial evidence derived from the Spanish experience. Journal of Transport Geography, 73, 94–107.
Luo, Z., Wan, G., Wang, C., Zhang, X. (2018). Urban pollution and road infrastructure: A case study of China. China Economic Review, 49, 171–183.
Masson, S., Petiot, R. (2009). Can the high-speed rail reinforce tourism attractiveness? The case of the high-speed rail between Perpignan (France) and Barcelona (Spain). Technovation, 29, 611–617.
Meng, X., Lin, S., Zhu, X. (2018). The resource redistribution effect of high-speed rail stations on the economic growth of neighbouring regions: Evidence from China. Transport Policy, 68, 178–191.
Mikhail, C., Arpad, H. (2010). Life-cycle assessment of high-speed rail: the case of California. Environmental Research Letters, 5(1), 014003.
Mitchell, G., Namdeo, A., Milne, D. (2005). The air quality impact of cordon and distance based road user charging: An empirical study of Leeds, UK. Atmospheric Environment, 39, 6231–6241.
Mohring, H. (1972). Optimization and scale economics in urban bus transportation. American Economic Review, 62(4), 591–604.
Oosterhaven, J., Romp, W.E. (2003). Indirect economic effects of new infrastructure: A comparison of Dutch high-speed rail variants. Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, 94, 439–452.
Ouyang, X., Li, Q., Du, K. (2020). How does environmental regulation promote technological innovations in the industrial sector? Evidence from Chinese provincial panel data. Energy Policy, 139, 111310.
Peters, J.C., Han, E.P., Peeta, S., Delaurentis, D. (2014). Analyzing the potential for high-speed rail as part of the multimodal transportation system in the United States’ midwest corridor. International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology, 3(2), 129–148.
Raymond, J.C. (1998). Energy and greenhouse gas emissions associated with the construction of alternative structural systems. Building and Environment, 34(3).
Redding, S.J., Matthew, A. (2015). Transportation costs and the spatial organization of economic activity. Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics, 5, 1339–1398.
Rouwendal, J., Meijer, E. (2001). Preferences for Housing, Jobs, and Commuting: A Mixed Logit Analysis. Journal of Regional Science, 41, 475–505.
Rus, G., Nombela, G. (2007). Is investment in high-speed rail socially profitable? Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, 41(1), 3–23.
Ryder, A. (2012). High-speed rail. Journal of Transport Geography, 22, 303–305.
Shao, S., Tian, Z., Yang, L. (2017). A study on the environmental efficiency of transport systems in China. Transport Policy, 58, 57–66.
Smith, R.A. (2003). Railways: how they may contribute to a sustainable future. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit, 217(4), 243–248.
Sobieralski, J.B. (2020). Transportation infrastructure and employment: Are all investments created equal? Research in Transportation Economics, 88, 100927.
Song, M., Zheng, W., Wang, Z. (2016a). Environmental efficiency and energy consumption of highway transportation systems in China. International Journal of Production Economics, 181, 441–449.
Spielmann, M., Scholz, R. (2005). Life cycle inventories of transport services: Background data for freight transport. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 10(1), 85–94.
Sun, X., Yan, S., Liu, T., Wu, J. (2020). High-speed rail development and urban environmental efficiency in China: A city-level examination. Transportation Research Part D, 86, 1–18.
Tang, Z., Wang, L., & Wu, W. (n.d.). The impact of high-speed rail on urban carbon emissions: Evidence from the Yangtze River Delta. Journal of Transport Geography.
Tian, M., Li, T., Ye, X., Zhao, H., Meng, X. (2021). The impact of high-speed rail on service industry agglomeration in peripheral cities. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 93, 102745.
Tian, Y., & Mao, Q. (2022). The effect of regional integration on urban sprawl in urban agglomeration areas: A case study of the Yangtze River Delta, China. Habitat International, 130, Article 102695.
Tierney, S. (2012). High-speed rail, the knowledge economy, and the next growth wave. Journal of Transport Geography, 22, 285–287.
To, W.M., Lee, P.K.C., Yu, B.T.W. (2020). Sustainability assessment of an urban rail system: The case of Hong Kong. Journal of Cleaner Production, 253.
Veith, A. (2012). Railways and sustainable development: A global perspective. International Union of Railways, Paris.
Vickerman, R. (2015). High-speed rail and regional development: The case of intermediate stations. Journal of Transport Geography, 42, 157–165.
Vickerman, R. (2018). Can high-speed rail have a transformative effect on the economy? Transportation Policy, 62, 31–37.
Walsh, M.P. (2007). Can China control the side effects of motor vehicle growth? National Research Forum, 31, 21–34.
Wang, F., Wei, X., Liu, J., He, L., Gao, M. (2019). Impact of high-speed rail on population mobility and urbanization: A case study on Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, China. Transportation Research Part A, 127, 99–114.
Wang, T., Zhou, J., Yue, Y., Yang, J., Hashimoto's. (2016). Weight under steel wheels: Material stock and flow analysis of high-speed rail in China. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 20(6), 1349–1359.
Wang, X., Yang, Q., He, N. (2020). Research on the influence of environmental regulation on social employment—An empirical analysis based on the STR model. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17, 622.
Wayson, R.L., Bowlby, W. (1989). Noise and air pollution of high-speed rail systems. Journal of Transportation Engineering, 115(1), 20–36.
Wetwitoo, J., Kato, H. (2017). High-speed rail and regional economic productivity through agglomeration and network externality: A case study of inter-regional transportation in Japan. Case Studies in Transportation Policy, 5(4), 549–559.
Willigers, J., Wee, B. (2011). High-speed rail and office location choices: A stated choice experiment for the Netherlands. Journal of Transport Geography, 19, 745–754.
Yan, B.-R., Dong, Q.-L., Li, Q., Amin, F.U., Wu, J.-N. (2021). A study on the coupling and coordination between logistics industry and economy in the background of high-quality development. Sustainability, 13, 10360.
Yang, J., Guo, A., Li, X., Huang, T. (2018). Study of the impact of a high-speed railway opening on China’s accessibility pattern and spatial equality. Sustainability, 10(8), 2943.
Yang, L., Wang, Y., Han, S., Liu, Y. (2019). Urban transport carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions by commuters in rapidly developing cities: The comparative study of Beijing and Xi'an in China. Transportation Research Part D-Transport and Environment, 68, 65–83.
Yang, X., Lin, S., Li, Y., He, M. (2019). Can high-speed rail reduce environmental pollution? Evidence from China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 239, 118135.
Yao, S., Zhang, F., Wang, F., Ou, J. (2019). Regional economic growth and the role of high-speed rail in China. Applied Economics, 51(32), 3465–3479.
Yoo, S., Kumagai, J., Sho, K., & Managi, S. (2024). Impact of high-speed railway on gentrification and regional inequality in Japan. Elsevier.
Yu, D., Murakami, D., Zhang, Y., Wu, X., Li, D., Wang, X., Li, G. (2020). Investigating high-speed rail construction's support to county-level regional development in China: An eigenvector-based spatial filtering panel data analysis. Transportation Research Part B-Methodology, 133, 21–37.
Yu, Y., Zhang, N., Kim, J.D. (2020). Impact of urbanization on energy demand: An empirical study of the Yangtze River Economic Belt in China. Energy Policy, 139, 111354.
Yue, Y., Wang, T., Liang, S., Yang, J., Hou, P., Qu, S., Zhou, J., Jia, X.P., Wang, H.T., Xu, M. (2015). Life cycle assessment of high-speed rail in China. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 41, 367–376.
Zhang, F., Wang, F., & Yao, S. (2021). High-speed rail accessibility and haze pollution in China: An econometrics perspective. Transportation Research Part D: Transportation and Environment.
Zhao, L., Zhang, X., & Zhao, F. (2020). Evaluating the impact of high-speed rail on county-level air quality in China. Transportation Research Part D.
Zhao, L., Zhang, X., Zhao, F. (2021). The impact of high-speed rail on air quality in counties: Econometric study with data from southern Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 278, 123604.
Zhao, M., Liu, X., Derudder, B., Zhong, Y.e., Shen, W. (2015). Mapping producer services networks in mainland Chinese cities. Urban Studies, 52(16), 3018–3034.
Zhao, T., Xiao, X., Dai, Q. (2021). Transportation infrastructure construction and high-quality development of enterprises: Evidence from the quasi-natural experiment of high-speed railway opening in China. Sustainability, 13, 13316.
Zhao, Y., He, H., Li, P. (2018). Key techniques for the construction of high-speed railway large-section loess tunnels. Engineering, 4(2), 254–259.
Zheng, L., Long, F., Chang, Z., Ye, J. (2019). Ghost town or city of hope? The spatial spillover effects of high-speed railway stations in China. Transportation Policy, 81, 230–241.
Zheng, S., Zhang, X., Sun, W., Wang, J. (2019). The effect of a new subway line on local air quality: A case study in Changsha. Transportation Research Part D-Transport and Environment, 68, 26–38.
Zhong, C., Cai, H., Shi, Q. (2021). Will high-speed rail bring cleaning effect to the cities? Evidence from China. Applied Economics Letters, 1–5.
Zhou, X., Lin, X., Ji, X., Liang, J. (2021). Effects of high-speed railway construction and operation on related industries in China. Sustainability, 13, 6119.
Zhu, H., Wu, P., Zeng, J., Teng, W. (2014). Analysis of the noise sources and control measures of high-speed railway. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 525, 301–304.
Zhu, S., Wang, C., He, C. (2019). High-speed rail network and changing industrial dynamics in Chinese regions. International Regional Science Review, 42(5), 495–518.

Majid, N. A., & Zaki, N. M. (2025). A Systematic Review of Transportation Rail Networks: Impacts on Urban Development and Sustainability. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 15(2), 236–256.

Copyright: © 2025 The Author(s)
Published by HRMARS (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode